Infection route alters the effect of host diet quality on host–parasite interactions

Oikos, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Linking characteristics of parasites to host diet‐induced shifts in host–parasite interactions is a critical step predicting the abundance specific within an ecosystem. A parasite's infection route reflects suite parasite that could mediate effects diet quality on interactions, but effect response has not been quantified. We quantified these for first time by experimentally manipulating capable transmitting itself via multiple pathways utilized wide variety parasites. altered phosphorus (P) content Daphnia infected mixed mode transmitter Hamiltosporidian tvaerminnensis one two routes: horizontal, ingestion spores from dead hosts, or vertical, offspring. Then, we load and virulence (i.e. fecundity survival) . Overall, found horizontal infections were more sensitive than vertical infections. Low P diets decreased all had stronger negative loads horizontally individuals vertically ones. Likewise, reduced survival hosts fed low (but high P) while did affect survival. This increased sensitivity empirically supports intuitive hypothesis exerts transmit into host's gut routes less directly related nutrient uptake. Through effects, may shape ecology evolution communities.

Language: Английский

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Current Utilization and Further Application of Zooplankton Indices for Ecosystem Health Assessment of Lake Ecosystems

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(14), P. 10950 - 10950

Published: July 12, 2023

For the sustainable use of lake ecosystem services—water resources, aquatic habitats for biodiversity conservation, and aesthetic values as waterfront space—ecosystem health assessments using biota are implemented important national environmental monitoring projects. Zooplankton play a key role an linkage in material circulation secondary producers ecosystems. At same time, they influence composition biomass other communities through biological interactions. In this review, we summarize useful zooplankton indices assessment suggest considerations their use. Suggestions provided practical application indirectly measured biomass, well potential limitations eDNA application, which has recently been actively utilized monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Transgenerational effects of benzotriazole on the gene expression, growth, and reproduction of Daphnia magna

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 323, P. 121211 - 121211

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Measuring the Stoichiometry of Microbial Parasite Infrapopulations One Cell at a Time using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

1) Progress in the field of ecological stoichiometry has demonstrated that outcome interactions can often be predicted a priori based on nutrient ratios (e.g., carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus, C:N:P) interacting organisms. However, challenges accurately measuring content active parasites within hosts limited our ability to rigorously apply host-parasite systems. Traditional analyses require high parasite biomasses, preventing individual-level analyses. This prevents researchers from estimating variation individual single host infrapopulation, critical factor could define how ecology affects interaction. 2) Here, we explain energy dispersive technology, technique currently used measure elemental free-living microbes, adapted for parasitic microbial infrapopulations. We demonstrate power quantifying biomass sampled directly hosts. 3) Using this approach show stoichiometric composition two capable infecting same are stoichiometrically distinct and respond diet quality differently. also characteristics trait distributions these infrapopulations were important predictors fecundity, proxy virulence system, better load than mean or treatments alone. 4) EDS provides rigorous tool applying systems enables explore nutritional physiology at scale is more relevant evolution system traditional Here level resolution useful insights into diet-dependent their anticipate improved potential elucidate range eco-evo previously unobservable.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating host diet effects on microparasites by measuring the stoichiometry of infrapopulations one cell at a time

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Progress in the field of ecological stoichiometry has demonstrated that outcome interactions can often be predicted a priori based on nutrient ratios (e.g., carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus, C:N:P) interacting organisms. However, challenges accurately measuring content active parasites within hosts limited our ability to rigorously apply host–parasite systems. Traditional analyses require high parasite biomasses, preventing individual‐level analyses. This prevents researchers from estimating variation individual single host infrapopulation, critical factor could define how ecology affects interaction. Here, we explain energy dispersive technology, technique currently used measure elemental free‐living microbes, adapted for parasitic microbial infrapopulations. We demonstrate power quantifying biomass sampled directly hosts. Using this approach, show stoichiometric composition two capable infecting same are stoichiometrically distinct and respond diet quality differently. also characteristics trait distributions these infrapopulations were important predictors fecundity, proxy virulence system, better load than mean or treatments alone. EDS provides rigorous tool applying systems enables explore nutritional physiology at scale is more relevant evolution system traditional Here level resolution useful insights into diet‐dependent their anticipate improved potential elucidate range eco–evo previously unobservable.

Language: Английский

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Biomass Estimation Using Length-Weight Regression for the Freshwater Cyclopoida

Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(2), P. 111 - 122

Published: June 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Forbs from seasonal managed wetlands boost plankton production more than emergent graminoids by supplying novel labile detritus

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Abstract Opportunities to enhance ecosystem functions exist in human‐dominated working landscapes, but understanding of key drivers is often lacking these novel environments. In Suisun Marsh, California, USA, impounded managed wetlands designed promote waterfowl incidentally support higher plankton densities—a resource for imperilled pelagic fishes—than adjacent tidal habitats. Managed wetland operations could produce at critical periods fish and the aquatic food‐web more broadly, production are poorly understood. We proposed that decaying vegetation resulting from controlled flooding important stimulating blooms, effect varies by plant species functional type. conducted a mesocosm experiment test effects different inundated plants on production, including three forb species, emergent graminoid control treatment without added material. Forbs promoted larger phytoplankton blooms zooplankton production—by an order magnitude—than both graminoids treatment. Emergent supported not than Phytoplankton exhibited pulse dynamics all treatments, with densities increasing initially crashing end experiment. treatments lasted similar durations, counter expectation would diminished over relatively prolonged period. Among taxa, Daphnia magna rotifers were strongly associated forbs while nonnative cyclopoid copepod Limnothoina tetraspina cattails ( Typha domingensis ) control. temporarily depleted dissolved oxygen concentrations during first week experiment, suggesting tradeoff which boost risk initial hypoxia. Our results suggest seasonal drying likely because dry growth subsequent introduces labile material food web. Results also managed‐wetlands act as floodplain‐analogues, flood pulses drive productivity. Further research needed quantify benefits tradeoffs landscape scale identify optimal management regimes will help conserve species.

Language: Английский

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Study of Biomass Estimation Methods for the Freshwater Cladoceran Species, <i>Simocephalus</i><i>serrulatus</i> (Koch, 1841)

Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(2), P. 161 - 171

Published: June 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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