Reproductive phenology and sexual propagation of the pink sea fan Eunicella verrucosa Pallas, 1766 for coral restoration
Abstract
The
widespread
decline
of
coral-dominated
ecosystems
due
to
human
disturbances
has
highlighted
the
urgent
need
for
active
habitat
restoration.
Coral
restoration
using
sexually
produced
individuals
instead
clonal
fragments
is
essential
reduce
impacts
on
donor
populations
and
promote
genetic
diversity,
which
vital
adaptability
environmental
changes.
However,
most
coral
species,
particularly
those
in
temperate
deep-water
(>
50
m),
critical
knowledge
reproduction
larval
ecology
ex
situ
sexual
propagation
lacking.
To
address
this
gap,
study,
we
provide
first
report
spawning
octocoral
Eunicella
verrucosa
North-East
Atlantic
describe
details
development
settlement.
annual
reproductive
timing
South-West
Portugal
was
determined
from
samples
collected
as
fisheries
bycatch
a
single
population
source
monitored
comparison
across
distinct
durations
conditions.
species
exhibited
split-spawning
over
about
one
month
(mid
September
–
mid
October),
with
3
major
events
approximately
every
2
weeks.
Spawning
patterns
suggest
lunar
periodicity
but
shifted
between
colonies
kept
Oocytes
were
positively
buoyant
developed
into
swimming
larvae
after
days.
Settlement
trials
substrates
like
natural
rock,
CCA,
gorgonian
skeleton,
showed
behaviour
testing
two
weeks
post-spawning,
settlement
activity
continuing
three
months.
Fully
recruits
observed
month,
sclerite
production
starting
before
tentacle
development.
New
continued
up
months,
indicating
prolonged
competency
period.
This
study
provides
crucial
data
efforts
ex
situ
vulnerable
species.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Language: Английский