Toxins,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(11), P. 659 - 659
Published: Nov. 15, 2023
The
Great
Salt
Lake
in
Utah
is
the
largest
saline
lake
Western
hemisphere
and
one
of
terminal
lakes
world.
Situated
at
eastern
edge
Basin,
it
a
remnant
freshwater
Bonneville
whose
water
level
precipitously
lowered
about
12,000
years
ago
due
to
natural
break
Red
Rock
pass
north.
It
contains
diverse
assemblage
cyanobacteria
which
vary
spatially
dependent
on
salinity.
In
1984,
waters
occupied
8500
km2.
Nearly
four
decades
later,
occupy
2500
km2—a
reduction
surface
area
71%.
With
predominantly
westerly
winds,
there
potential
for
adjacent
metropolitan
residents
east
be
exposed
airborne
cyanobacteria-
cyanotoxin-containing
dust.
During
summer
fall
months
2022,
air
dried
sediment
samples
were
collected
assessed
presence
BMAA
has
been
identified
as
risk
factor
ALS.
Collection
equivalent
person
breathing
1
h
resulted
isomers
being
found
some
samples,
along
with
their
lakebed
samples.
There
was
no
clear
relationship
between
these
toxins
suggesting
that
may
originate
from
diffuse
rather
than
point
sources.
These
findings
confirm
continued
low
levels
constitute
an
increasing
health
hazard
2.5
million
inhabitants
communities
Wasatch
Front.
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Sept. 15, 2023
Fish
are
among
the
best-studied
aquatic
animals
due
to
their
economic
and
ecological
values.
meat
is
most
affordable
protein
source
for
economically
weaker
section
of
people.
The
environment
almost
all
ecosystems
has
a
specific
influential
role
on
or
by
fishes.
Therefore,
studying
stress
biology,
especially
oxidative
stress,
vital
because
it
can
influence
growth,
production,
reproduction,
etc.
To
review
above
topic,
peer-reviewed
electronic
databases,
including
Web
Science,
science
direct,
PubMed,
Google
Scholar,
Scopus,
AGRICOLA,
were
searched
with
keywords
associated
fish,
diseases,
abiotic
such
as
effects
water
dissolved
oxygen,
temperature,
salinity,
hardness,
alkalinity,
pH,
pollutants,
heavy
metals,
anthropogenic
activities,
was
reviewed
in
current
article
draw
conclusion
updated
relation
that
exists
between
fish
physiology,
disease,
stressors.
Oxidative
redox
regulatory
levels
under
parameters
anti-stress
responses
differ
various
models.
Undoubtedly,
factors
modulate
health
status
greater
extent,
therefore,
these
must
be
considered
priority
basis
improve
general
immunity
fish.
statement
remains
valid
both
saline
freshwater
habitats.
Journal of Environmental Management,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
375, P. 124362 - 124362
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
The
Caloosahatchee
Estuary
in
southwest
Florida,
USA,
is
regularly
subject
to
the
introduction
of
toxic
Microcystis
aeruginosa
blooms,
often
originating
from
eutrophic
Lake
Okeechobee
via
C-43
Canal.
focus
this
study
was
determine
responses
one
these
introduced
blooms
progressively
elevated
salinity
levels
as
bloom
water
mass
moved
through
estuary.
In
upper
estuary,
salinities
were
freshwater,
and
surface
large
colonies
M.
observed,
along
with
peak
microcystin
toxin
concentrations
up
107
μg
L-1,
all
particulate
fraction.
mid-estuary,
increased
2-6,
again
259
however,
significant
extracellular
also
observed
(i.e.,
17.8
L-1),
suggesting
a
level
osmotic
stress
on
aeruginosa.
lower
ranged
6
25
very
few
viable
but
0.5
L-1)
present
throughout
column.
It
noteworthy
that
average
total
column
+
extracellular)
remained
constant
movement
during
its
transit
revealing
negligible
rate
degradation
ten-day
transit.
results
provide
insights
into
changes
distribution
gradient,
which
has
implications
for
management
risks
ecosystem
human
health,
how
may
be
affected
by
releases
three
control
structures
Discharge
rates
play
major
roles
Canal-Caloosahatchee
ecosystem.
potential
discharge
regulation
are
discussed
perspectives
allochthonous
autochthonous
origin.
Toxins,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(9), P. 582 - 582
Published: Sept. 20, 2023
Blue-green
algae,
or
cyanobacteria,
may
be
prevalent
in
our
rivers
and
tap
water.
These
minuscule
bacteria
can
grow
swiftly
form
blooms
warm,
nutrient-rich
Toxins
produced
by
cyanobacteria
pollute
streams
harm
the
liver
nervous
system
humans.
This
review
highlights
properties
of
25
toxin
types
12
different
genera.
The
also
covered
strategies
for
reducing
controlling
issues.
include
using
physical
chemical
treatments,
cutting
back
on
fertilizer
input,
algal
lawn
scrubbers,
antagonistic
microorganisms
biocontrol.
Micro-,
nano-
ultrafiltration
techniques
could
used
removal
internal
extracellular
cyanotoxins,
addition
to
powdered
granular
activated
carbon,
ozonation,
sedimentation,
ultraviolet
radiation,
potassium
permanganate,
free
chlorine,
pre-treatment
oxidation
techniques.
efficiency
treatment
removing
intracellular
cyanotoxins
is
demonstrated.
approaches
aim
lessen
risks
cyanobacterial
associated
toxins.
Effective
management
water
systems
depends
early
detection
quick
action.
Cyanobacteria
cells
their
toxins
detected
microscopy,
molecular
methods,
chromatography,
spectroscopy.
Understanding
causes
many
ways
elimination
will
help
this
crucial
environmental
issue.
Reviews in Aquaculture,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 1186 - 1211
Published: Jan. 14, 2024
Abstract
The
increasing
global
population
has
led
to
rising
demand
for
food,
particularly
protein.
As
an
excellent
source
of
protein,
fish
play
a
crucial
role
in
meeting
this
demand,
making
aquaculture
highly
impactful
industry.
Floating
cages
have
been
developed
as
method
management
and
production
achieve
high
productivity
volume.
However,
these
intensive
farming
practices
can
contribute
eutrophication,
leading
changes
primary
producers
promoting
the
excessive
proliferation
cyanobacteria.
Cyanobacteria
blooms
pose
significant
consequences
aquatic
ecosystems,
including
potential
risks
exposed
harmful
cyanobacterial
metabolites.
Cyanobacterial
metabolites
encompass
various
chemical
classes,
such
terpenoids,
carotenoids,
alkaloids,
cyanopeptides,
amino
acids,
organophosphates,
macrolides,
lipopolysaccharides.
Some
compounds'
toxicity
impact
on
farms
still
need
be
better
understood.
Cyanotoxins
off‐flavour
compounds
water
quality
health
hazards
humans
throughout
food
chain.
Therefore,
cyanobacteria
economic,
environmental,
public
implications.
This
review
examines
concerns
associated
with
natural
products
farming,
off‐flavours,
known
cyanotoxins,
other
potentially
toxic
compounds,
while
exploring
their
socioeconomic
environmental
risks.
Aquaculture Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35, P. 101994 - 101994
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
To
investigate
the
potential
toxic
mechanism
of
Microcystin-LR
(MC-LR)
on
juvenile
Eriocheir
sinensis
(E.
sinensis),
a
toxicity
test
was
conducted
by
injecting
MC-LR
into
3rd
pereiopod.
Following
injection,
we
evaluated
alterations
in
immune
response
biomarkers,
antioxidant
status,
lipid
metabolism-related
genes
expression,
and
intestinal
microbiota
composition
hepatopancreas
tissues
E.
sinensis.
The
results
showed
that
after
injection
MC-LR,
serum
complement
C3
level
significantly
decreased
at
48
hours
(P
<
0.05),
whereas
C4
increased
considerably
from
12
to
96
0.01).
phenoloxidase
system
(PO)
an
increasing
trend
6
0.05
or
P
levels
TNF-α,
IL-6
Gene
expression
analysis
FASN
gene
hepatopancreatic
tissue
displayed
higher
both
post-exposure
0.01),
while
ALDH
ACAA2
exhibited
consistent
downward
Additionally,
mRNA
MECR
ACSL
demonstrated
pattern
initial
downregulation,
followed
upregulation,
subsequent
downregulation.
status
revealed
GSH
CAT
first
then
decreased,
activity
SOD
increased.
Meanwhile,
MDA
content
trend.
16
S
rDNA
microbial
diversity
treatment
group
relative
control
Compared
with
group,
had
abundance
Proteobacteria,
Fusobacteria,
Actinobacteria
0.05)
lower
Firmicutes
At
genus
level,
Acinnetobacter,
Flavobacterium,
Acidovorax,
Paracoccus,
Cloacibacterium,
Gemmobacter,
Aeromonas,
Dechloromonas
intestine
MC-LR-treated
but
Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group
study
could
induced
oxidative
stress,
damage,
imbalance
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
949, P. 174932 - 174932
Published: July 27, 2024
Small
and
shallow
water
bodies
are
particularly
sensitive
to
adverse
conditions
connected
with
anthropogenic
eutrophication.
As
model
systems,
ponds
a
good
object
for
ecological
research
monitoring
of
global
environmental
changes.
We
examined
cyanobacteria
along
other
groups
algae
versus
zooplankton
abiotic
characteristics
in
51
aquatic
ecosystems
exposed
pressure
(from
natural
forest
highly
disturbed
field
ponds)
3
distinct
trophic
groups:
meso-,
eu-
hypertrophic.
This
study
aimed
define
how
different
levels
trophy
affect
pond-specific
assemblages
identify
species
responding
particular
states.
demonstrated
that
type
determined
the
occurrence
certain
species.
From
among
78
identified
taxa,
shade-
turbid
mixed
adapted
were
most
numerous.
Eutrophic
had
highest
diversity
abundance
zooplankon.
Dominating
such
as
Chroococcus
minimus,
Anagnostidinema
amphibium,
Phormidium
granulatum
or
Komvophoron
minutum
preferred
mesotrophic,
while
e.g.
Jaaginema
subtilissimum,
Limnolyngbya
circumcreta,
Limnothrix
vacuolifera
Romeria
leopolienis
eutrophic
waters
these
not
grazed
by
filtrators.
Only
(Aphanizomenon
flos-aquae,
Dolichospermum
circinale,
Planktothrix
agardhii)
associated
hypertrophic
ponds.
Therefore,
we
assume
taxa
have
high
indicative
potential
distinguish
between
Reynolds
Functional
Groups
also
exhibit
responses
changes
quality.
It
was
partucularly
evident
case
representatives
codon
M
which
attributed
Advancing
our
understanding
about
preferences
is
crucial,
especially
era
warming
persistent
issue
eutrophication,
when
problems
harmful
cyanobacterial
blooms
intensifying.
The
findings
significance
management
implications,
highlighting
often-overlooked
importance
pond
maintaining
overall