Toxicology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 101844 - 101844

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

The surge in plastic production has spurred a global crisis as pollution intensifies, with microplastics and nanoplastics emerging notable environmental threats. Due to their miniature size, these particles are ubiquitous across ecosystems pose severe hazards they ingested bioaccumulate within organisms. Although reached an alarming 400.3 MTs, recycling efforts remain limited, only 18.5 MTs being recycled. Currently, out of the total waste, 49.6 % is converted into energy, 27 recycled, 23.5 recovered material, indicating need for better waste management practices combat escalating levels. Research studies on micro-nanoplastics have primarily concentrated presence laboratory-based toxicity studies. This review critically examines sources detection methods micro-nanoplastics, emphasising toxicological effects ecological impacts. Organisms like zebrafish rats serve key models studying particle's bioaccumulative potential, showcasing adverse that extend DNA damage, oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis. Studies reveal can permeate biological barriers, including blood-brain barrier, neurological imbalance, cardiac, respiratory, dermatological disorders. These health risks, particularly relevant humans, underscore urgency broader, real-world beyond controlled laboratory conditions. Additionally, discusses innovative energy-harvesting technologies sustainable alternatives utilisation, valuable energy-deficient regions. strategies aim simultaneously address energy demands mitigate waste. approach aligns sustainability goals, providing promising avenue both reduction generation. calls further research enhance techniques, assess long-term impacts, explore solutions integrate recovery mitigation, especially regions most affected by shortages increased

Language: Английский