Diisononyl phthalate down-regulates the expression of antioxidant genes NFE2L2 , TXN , and TXNRD2 , while Diethyl-hexyl terephthalate up-regulates their expression including SOD-1

Xenobiotica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: April 16, 2025

Phthalates, widely utilized as plasticisers to enhance the flexibility of rigid materials like polyvinyl chloride, are known for their endocrine-disrupting properties and cytotoxic effects. This study investigated impact Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) Diethyl-hexyl terephthalate (DEHT) on human endothelial cells (EA.hy926). The assessment focused cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant-responsive genes expression (NFE2L2, SOD1, TXN, TXNRD2) following exposure varying 1, 10, 100 µg/mL DINP or DEHT. Cell viability was determined using MTT lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays. ROS were measured DCFDA assay. Gene analysis conducted via qRT-PCR after 48 h exposure. Results revealed that significantly reduced at 11 17% 72 h, respectively; whereas increased LDH by 69% 48h. levels also rose 19-30%, accompanied down-regulation NFE2L2, TXNRD2. Conversely, DEHT had no adverse effect but elevated production (11-14%) induced up-regulation antioxidant genes, including SOD1. findings indicate could negatively affect cellular response, leads without detrimental effects viability.

Language: Английский

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Phthalate concentrations in drinking water in WPRO regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Desalination and Water Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101217 - 101217

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Phthalate levels in common sea anemone Actinia equina and Anemonia viridis: A proxy of short-term microplastic interaction?

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 116125 - 116125

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Phthalates are widely employed plasticizers blended to plastic polymers that, during aging and weathering prone leach in the surrounding environment. Thus, phthalates were proposed indirectly evaluate MPs contamination marine environments, with still uncertain scarce data, particularly for wildlife. This study investigates simultaneously microplastics (MPs) (PAEs) occurrence wild Actinia equina Anemonia viridis, two common edible sea anemone species. Both species had a 100 % frequency of occurrence, similar average concentrations. PAEs detected 70 samples, concentrations up 150 ng/g A. 144.3 viridis. present tissues appear reflect seawater conditions area. Given rapid biodegradation PAEs, both these additives their metabolites could be useful tracers short-term debris-biota interactions.

Language: Английский

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Unpacking Phthalates from Obscurity in the Environment

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 106 - 106

Published: Dec. 23, 2023

Phthalates (PAEs) are a group of synthetic esters phthalic acid compounds mostly used as plasticizers in plastic materials but widely applied most industries and products. As materials, they not chemically bound to the polymeric matrix easily leach out. Logically, PAEs should be prevalent environment, their prevalence, transport, fate, effects have been largely unknown until recently. This has attributed, inter alia, lack standardized analytical procedures for identifying them complex matrices. Nevertheless, current advancements techniques facilitate understanding environment. It is now known that can potentially impact ecological human health adversely, leading categorization endocrine-disrupting chemicals, carcinogenic, liver- kidney-failure-causing agents, which landed among contaminants emerging concern (CECs). Thus, this review article reports discusses developments PAEs’ standard methods, facilitating emergence from obscurity. further explores opportunities, challenges, limits advancements.

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Taiwan Biobank Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(16), P. 10458 - 10458

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Background: Phthalates are widely used in consumer products, food packaging, and personal care so exposure is widespread. Several studies have investigated the association of phthalate with obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension. However, little known about associations sex, age, menopausal status metabolic syndrome (MetS). The purpose this study was to investigate between 11 urinary metabolite concentrations adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis 1337 adults aged 30–70 years from Taiwan Biobank 2016–2020. Prevalence odds ratios (POR) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression stratified by status. Results: Participants MetS comprised 16.38%. Higher MEP metabolites associated more than two- three-fold increased males ≥ 50 (adj. POR Q3 vs. Q1 = 2.13, CI: 1.01, 4.50; p 0.047 adj. Q2 3.11, 0.13, 8.63; 0.029). When assessed status, postmenopausal females higher ∑DEHP had nine-fold compared lowest 9.58, 1.18, 77.75; 0.034). Conclusions: findings suggest differential certain

Language: Английский

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Levels and health risk assessments of Phthalate acid esters in indoor dust of some microenvironments within Ikeja and Ota, Nigeria

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 11, 2023

The levels, profiles of Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) and their associated health risk in children adults using indoor dust samples were assessed from nine (9) microenvironments Nigeria. Six PAEs congeners determined Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry the human assessments exposure to computed United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model. mean concentrations total (Σ

Language: Английский

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Effect of milking method and season on phthalate content in cow milk from organic production

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129, P. 106096 - 106096

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diethylhexyl (DEHP) content was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography in milk samples either mechanically or manually taken from 10 dairy cows January, April, July October (altogether 344 were collected). Milking method season accounted for 23 77%, 33 36% of explained variability DBP DEHP content, respectively. Content collected higher comparison with milk: 10.0 vs. 6.7 mg kg−1 (P < 0.05). Irrespective milking method, differed significantly 0.05) between January (6.6 kg−1), (4.2 kg−1) (20.0 kg−1). In case DEHP, only differences April found out (0.03 0.96 kg−1; P Concentration both increased according to a polynomial function spring autumn 0.01). Thirty times average than contrary expectation. A migration apart equipment (probably contaminated silage) more important DEHP.

Language: Английский

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Can Phthalates Be Considered as Microplastic Tracers in the Mediterranean Marine Environment?

Environments, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 267 - 267

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Plastics are a major environmental concern, not only because of their uncontrolled dispersion in the environment, but also release chemical additives, such as phthalates (PAEs), particularly water bodies. Key land–water interfaces, coastal zones, has always represented complex and dynamic nexus for plastic pollution, they sites often densely populated, with pollution sources. The Mediterranean basin, example, is known to be global hotspot waste, microplastic concentration approximately four times greater than North Pacific Ocean. However, differently from overviewed issue litter microplastics, occurrence, distribution, impact PAEs on abiotic biotic compartment marine ecosystems area have still been reviewed. Hence, this review provides an introductory section its close relationship, leaching toxic PAEs. To follow, most relevant analytical approaches reliably assessing matrices discussed. analysis main anthropogenic sources PAEs, occurrence spatiotemporal trends Sea conducted. Finally, potential correlation between PAE abundance microplastics critically examined evaluate effectiveness tracers pollution.

Language: Английский

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Distribution of Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) in Personal Care Products and Untreated Municipal Wastewater Samples: Implications for Source Apportionment and Ecological Risk Assessment

Water Air & Soil Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 236(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of MEHP Inhibitory Action and Analysis of Potential Replacement Plasticizers on Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(21), P. 11456 - 11456

Published: Oct. 24, 2021

Steroid production in Leydig cells is stimulated mainly by the pituitary luteinizing hormone, which leads to increased expression of genes involved steroidogenesis, including gene encoding steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein. Mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP), active metabolite widely used plasticizer DEHP, known disrupt steroidogenesis but its mechanisms action remain poorly understood. We found that MEHP caused a significant reduction hormone-induced steroid hormone two cell lines, MA-10 and MLTC-1. Consistent with disrupted cholesterol transport, we represses cAMP-induced Star promoter activity. responsiveness was mapped proximal promoter, contains multiple binding sites for several transcription factors. In addition STAR, also reduced levels ferredoxin reductase, protein essential electron transport during steroidogenesis. Finally, tested new plasticizers as alternatives phthalates. Two plasticizers, dioctyl succinate 1,6-hexanediol dibenzoate, had no effect on Our current findings reveal affecting conversion into pregnenolone. novel molecules desirable properties have impact could be suitable phthalate replacements.

Language: Английский

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