Toxicon X,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23, P. 100204 - 100204
Published: Aug. 26, 2024
Snakebite
is
a
major
global
health
concern,
for
which
antivenom
remains
the
only
approved
treatment
to
neutralise
harmful
effects
of
toxins.
However,
some
medically
important
toxins
are
poorly
immunogenic,
resulting
in
reduced
efficacy
final
product.
Boosting
immunogenicity
these
commercial
immunising
mixtures
could
be
an
effective
strategy
improve
dose
efficacy,
and
displaying
snake
antigens
on
Virus-like
particles
(VLPs)
one
method
this.
despite
applications
field
snakebite,
VLPs
have
yet
explored
methods
that
practical
at
manufacturing
scale.
Here
we
describe
utilisation
"plug
play"
VLP
system
display
immunogenic
linear
peptide
epitopes
from
three
finger
(3FTxs)
generate
anti-toxin
antibodies.
Rabbits
were
immunised
with
individual
consensus
their
antibody
responses
characterised
by
immunoassay.
Of
experimental
sequences,
two
produced
antibodies
capable
recognising
peptides,
whilst
also
recognise
native
whole
Further
characterisation
raised
against
this
demonstrated
sub-class
specific
response,
able
elicit
partially
neutralising
responses,
increased
survival
times
murine
snakebite
envenoming
model.
ACS Omega,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 2, 2024
Thrombolytic
enzymes
constitute
a
class
of
proteases
with
antithrombotic
functions.
Derived
from
natural
products
and
abundant
in
nature,
certain
thrombolytic
enzymes,
such
as
urokinase,
earthworm
kinase,
streptokinase,
have
been
widely
used
the
clinical
treatment
vascular
embolic
diseases.
Fly
maggots,
characterized
by
their
easy
growth
low
cost,
are
traditional
Chinese
medicine
recorded
Compendium
Materia
Medica.
These
maggots
can
also
be
raw
material
for
extraction
preparation
(maggot
kinase).
In
this
review,
we
assembled
global
research
reports
on
through
literature
search
reviewed
functions
structures
to
provide
reference
thrombophilic
drug
screening
development.
Toxicon X,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23, P. 100204 - 100204
Published: Aug. 26, 2024
Snakebite
is
a
major
global
health
concern,
for
which
antivenom
remains
the
only
approved
treatment
to
neutralise
harmful
effects
of
toxins.
However,
some
medically
important
toxins
are
poorly
immunogenic,
resulting
in
reduced
efficacy
final
product.
Boosting
immunogenicity
these
commercial
immunising
mixtures
could
be
an
effective
strategy
improve
dose
efficacy,
and
displaying
snake
antigens
on
Virus-like
particles
(VLPs)
one
method
this.
despite
applications
field
snakebite,
VLPs
have
yet
explored
methods
that
practical
at
manufacturing
scale.
Here
we
describe
utilisation
"plug
play"
VLP
system
display
immunogenic
linear
peptide
epitopes
from
three
finger
(3FTxs)
generate
anti-toxin
antibodies.
Rabbits
were
immunised
with
individual
consensus
their
antibody
responses
characterised
by
immunoassay.
Of
experimental
sequences,
two
produced
antibodies
capable
recognising
peptides,
whilst
also
recognise
native
whole
Further
characterisation
raised
against
this
demonstrated
sub-class
specific
response,
able
elicit
partially
neutralising
responses,
increased
survival
times
murine
snakebite
envenoming
model.
