The role of the intestinal microbiome in cognitive decline in patients with kidney disease

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(Supplement_2), P. ii4 - ii17

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Cognitive decline is frequently seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The causes of cognitive these are likely to be multifactorial, including vascular disease, uraemic toxins, blood–brain barrier leakage, and metabolic endocrine changes. Gut dysbiosis common CKD contributes the increase toxins. However, gut microbiome modulates local systemic levels several metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids or derivatives tryptophan metabolism, neurotransmitters, endocannabinoid-like mediators, bile acids, hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) cholecystokinin (CCK). These factors can affect function, immunity, autonomic nervous system activity various aspects brain function. Key areas include integrity, nerve myelination survival/proliferation, appetite, metabolism thermoregulation, mood, anxiety depression, stress inflammation. Alterations composition microbiota production biologically active well documented favoured by low-fiber diets, elevated urea levels, sedentary lifestyles, slow stool transit times polypharmacy. In turn, modulate function processes, discussed this review. Thus, may contribute alterations cognition a target for therapeutic interventions using diet, prebiotics probiotics.

Language: Английский

High-Intensity Interval Training Alleviates Ethanol-Induced Renal Damage: A Study on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Histopathological Changes in Rats

Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100320 - 100320

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

This study examines if high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can reduce ethanol-induced kidney damage by modulating cytokines and reducing oxidative stress. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6): CON (saline control), ET (ethanol; 3 mg/kg of 20 % ethanol gavage), HIIT (8 weeks HIIT), HIIT-SL + HIIT-ET (ethanol HIIT). Kidney tissues collected for biochemical analysis cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10); stress markers, malondialdehyde (MDA); antioxidants, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histopathology serum levels albumin, urea, creatinine evaluated. Statistical significance was assessed using GraphPad Prism (p < 0.05). Chronic consumption increased pro-inflammatory TNF-α IL-6 0.0001) decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10 0.0001). revealed tubular necrosis, hyaline casts. reduced while increasing 0.0001), showing an effect. The group had fewer casts less compared the group, although hyperemia persisted. improved (TAC, GPx, SOD) (MDA) Serum urea higher in but lower group; albumin with HIIT. shows effectively reduces ET-induced decreasing inflammation, suggesting it as a promising non-drug approach manage ET-related renal issues.

Language: Английский

Gut microbiota-targeted therapies in pediatric chronic kidney disease: gaps and opportunities

Pediatric Nephrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский