Kosteneffizienz von Impfungen: Über die Komplexität gesundheitsökonomischer Analysen zur Influenza‑, SARS-CoV-2- und RSV-Impfung

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Zusammenfassung Die Frage nach der Kosteneffektivität medizinischer Interventionen ist eine zentralen Fragen Gesundheitsökonomie. Dieses narrative Review untersucht die von Impfungen gegen Influenza, SARS-CoV‑2 und das respiratorische Synzytial-Virus (RSV) unter Berücksichtigung aktueller gesundheitsökonomischer Analysen. jährliche Influenza-Impfung Auffrischungsimpfung in den Jahren 2023 2024 erweisen sich, insbesondere Hochrisikogruppen, als kosteneffektiv teilweise sogar kostensparend. Für RSV-Impfung, zugelassen wurde, weniger klar. Sie hängt stark Altersgruppe Bereitschaft ab, für ein gewonnenes qualitätsadjustiertes Lebensjahr (QALY) zu zahlen. Analyse zeigt, dass Bewertung erhebliche Datenmenge erfordert. Modellrechnungen müssen neben direkten Schutzwirkungen auch indirekte Effekte, wie Reduzierung Übertragungen Bevölkerung bei höheren Impfraten, berücksichtigen. Sensitivitätsanalysen verdeutlichen, Faktoren Impfstoffkosten, Effektivität Krankheitsinzidenz entscheidenden Einfluss auf haben können. Eine größten Herausforderungen gesundheitsökonomischen Analysen Fragmentierung Gesundheitsdaten vielen Ländern, was umfassende präzise Bewertungen erschwert. Initiativen europäische Gesundheitsdatenraum könnten hier Abhilfe schaffen evidenzbasierte Entscheidungsfindung Gesundheitspolitik unterstützen. Insgesamt bleibt abhängig zahlreichen Faktoren, wobei SARS-CoV-2- Influenza-Impfungen betrachteten Szenarien positive erhalten.

---

Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on the Mortality Rates of Hospitalized Patients with the Omicron Strain

Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3)

Published: March 9, 2025

Background: The emergence of the Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 virus has raised concerns about its potential impact on public health. Vaccination remains crucial for preventing and managing spread COVID-19, as well mitigating future outbreaks similar diseases. This study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination mortality rates hospitalized patients infected with strain. We sought provide valuable insights into vaccine efficacy inform health strategies. Objectives: To determine effectiveness vector-based non-vector-based vaccines rate strain related variants, considering factors such age, gender, symptom onset-to-hospitalization days, oxygen saturation level, hospital stay length, underlying Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted from hospitals affiliated Mashhad University Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, January 2021 September 2022. Data were collected medical care monitoring system (MCMC), continuously updated six universities. included 8,616 admitted these hospitals. status (vector-based non-vector-based) association infection assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Among patients, 50% men women. Twenty-three percent cases had a history hypertension, 15% diabetes mellitus. In elderly increased significantly (16% in those over 70 years old). results showed that higher (SpO2 > 93%) survival (P < 0.001). Long-term hospitalization associated Of all 4,776 received two or more doses vaccine. indicated receiving reduced = 0.002). presence comorbidities hypertension 0.048). Conclusions: investigated connections between vaccination, patient demographics, comorbidities, outcomes. It found risk influenced by blood levels (SpO2), booster doses, while longer stays certain risk. highlights need ongoing research standardized categorization manage pandemic effectively.

Language: Английский

---

Cost effectiveness analysis comparing varying booster intervals of vaccination policies to address COVID-19 situation in Thailand, 2023

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. e0310427 - e0310427

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

The COVID-19 booster immunization policy is cost-effective, but evidence on additional doses and appropriate strategies scarce. This research compared the cost-effectiveness of annual, twice-a-year, biennial dose policies. We performed stochastic modeling using compartmental susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered models a system dynamic model. evaluated four scenarios: (1) hypothetical no-booster policy; (2) twice-a-year vaccination (3) annual (4) policy. In addition, we conducted one-way sensitivity analysis by adjusting R0 from 1.8 to 3.0 in all scenarios (epidemic stage) decreasing cost 50% at end first year reflect current direction enhance domestic vaccine production. Compared non-booster policies, three reduced number cases, hospital admissions, severe infections remarkably. Without booster, total cases would reach 16,220,615 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6,726,550–29,661,112) day 1,460, whereas, with 597,901 CI 526,230–694,458) same period. Even though no scenario exhibited lowest approximately 500 days, 1,460 demonstrated 72.0 billion baht 68.6–79.4 billion). most cost-saving was scenario. also stood as cost-effective option for outcomes. epidemic stage an assumption where costs dropped, policies became more or main assumption. study underscores significance Implementing should take into consideration cost-effectiveness, feasibility, public communication.

Language: Английский

---

Influence of Environmental Risk Exposure on the Determinants of COVID-19 Booster Vaccination in an Urban Thai Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 745 - 745

Published: June 6, 2024

This study aimed to identify the influence of environmental risk exposure levels on predictive factors COVID-19 booster dose vaccination in an urban Thai population post-pandemic era. Six locations, including three provinces with highest and lowest levels, were selected by calculating indexes. Participants from capital district each province chosen via simple random sampling technique interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A total 1315 individuals included sample this study, best predictors determined multiple regression analysis. The results showed that high level occurred number days exceeding limits set for PM10 rates mortality lung cancer. vaccinations given amount 43.4% during post-COVID-19 pandemic period. Our multivariate analysis indicated working age group (≥25 years old); those higher education (diploma degree above); full-time employment (government private sectors); monthly incomes (≥USD144.1); areas significantly contributed To summarize, rate acceptance Thailand was influenced socio-economic concerns. These findings improve our understating both global how affects behavioral change patterns could effectiveness management.

Language: Английский

---

Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Immunization Strategies: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 457 - 470

Published: April 10, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Modelling the potential public health impact of different vaccination strategies with an omicron-adapted bivalent vaccine in Thailand

Expert Review of Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 860 - 870

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 has continuously evolved, requiring the development of adapted vaccines. This study estimated impact introduction and increased coverage an Omicron-adapted bivalent booster vaccine in Thailand.The outcomes vaccination with versus no were using a combined cohort Markov decision tree model. The population was stratified into high- standard-risk subpopulations. Using age-specific inputs informed by published sources, model health (case numbers, hospitalizations, deaths) economic (medical costs productivity losses) different age risk subpopulations.Booster only elderly high-risk subpopulation to avert 97,596 cases 36,578 903 deaths, THB 3,119 million direct medical costs, 10,589 indirect costs. These benefits as expanded other Increasing 75% averted more deaths (95%), hospitalizations (512%), infections (782%), (550%), (687%) compared base case.Broader could have significant public Thailand.

Language: Английский

---

Monitoring of adaptive immune responses in healthcare workers who received a Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine booster dose

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and led to increased mortality morbidity. Vaccines against the etiologic agent; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) were approved for emergency use on different platforms. In early phase of pandemic, Thai healthcare workers (HCWs) received CoronaVac, an inactivated vaccine, as first vaccine SARS-CoV-2, followed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, viral vector-based or BNT162b2, mRNA booster dose. This preliminary study evaluated immunogenicity nCoV-19 BNT162b2 dose in HCWs who previously two doses CoronaVac.

Language: Английский

---

Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 booster doses and oral antivirals: Case studies in the Indo-Pacific

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. e0294091 - e0294091

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Background Decision-makers in middle-income countries need evidence on the cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 booster doses and oral antivirals to appropriately prioritise these healthcare interventions. Methods We used a dynamic transmission model assess Fiji, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste. conducted analysis from both societal perspectives using data collated publicly available sources. developed an interactive R Shiny which allows user vary key assumptions, such as choice discounting rate, view how assumptions affect results. Findings Booster were cost saving therefore cost-effective all four settings 3% discounting. Providing was perspective if procured at low generic price (US$25) or reference (US$250); however, their strongly influenced by rates wastage misuse, ongoing costs care for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. The rapid antigen tests did not appear influential over any study settings. Conclusions Our results support that programs are Oral demonstrate potential be below US$250 per schedule. Further research should quantify misuse

Language: Английский

---

A Cost Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Comparison between mRNA-based and Inactivated Virus Vaccines

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 226 - 233

Published: March 15, 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccination is considered a primary preventive measure to combat the pandemic. Several types of vaccines were developed, among them mRNA-based vaccine and inactivated virus vaccine. Different have different purchase price require logistics system, which translate into estimated costs. Therefore, this study aims estimate cost using compared assist future decision-making related vaccination. Methods: Direct costs for per-dose both from health provider’s perspective microcosting approach. Vaccination pathways constructed based on activities involving acquisition, transportation, storage, injection processes. Cost value was obtained documents, asset records, market surveys. Results: The RM 69.71 per dose 91.68 difference in mainly driven by higher Conclusion: incur lower total provider during

Language: Английский

---

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with COVID-19 who have back pain

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 100 - 109

Published: March 29, 2023

Musculoskeletal pain is among the most common symptoms in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and it has placed a significant burden on health worldwide during pandemic. This study explored vaccine hesitancy associated factors positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test results who were hospitalized had back pain.

Language: Английский

---