Serological Assays Reveal No Evidence of Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in US Cattle

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 600 - 600

Published: March 5, 2025

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose a significant threat public health. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates the capacity infect various non-human animal species, including both captive and free-living animals. Earlier experimental studies revealed low susceptibility of domestic cattle (Bos taurus) ancestral B.1 lineage; however, recent findings indicate greater permissiveness Delta variant. While some detected evidence infection in Italy, Germany, India, Nigeria, currently, there is no infections US cattle. We have investigated over 600 samples, pre-pandemic pandemic sera collected from Pennsylvania for presence antibodies. Since serological tests inherent problems false positives negatives, we conducted comprehensive assessment multiple assays. As are known positive serum used hyperimmune raised with SARS-CoV-2-spike receptor binding domain (RBD) as control test validation. found that pseudovirus neutralization assays luciferase reporter system can produce results, care must be taken interpret diagnosis using these natural or transmission among US. This study underscores importance robust evaluation when employing detection populations.

Language: Английский

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Retrospective case study of the impacts of multiple One Health oriented biocontainment research facilities during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

One Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101061 - 101061

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 in nondomestic felids

Veterinary Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(4), P. 609 - 620

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Between September and November 2021, 5 snow leopards ( Panthera uncia) 1 lion leo) were naturally infected with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) developed progressive disease that resulted in death. Severe syndrome sequencing identified the delta variant all cases sequenced, which was predominant human at time. The time between initial clinical signs death ranged from 3 to 45 days. Gross lesions 6 cats included nasal turbinate hyperemia purulent discharge marked pulmonary edema. Ulcerative tracheitis bronchitis noted 4 cases. Histologically, there necrotizing ulcerative rhinotracheitis fibrinocellular exudates fibrinosuppurative pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia. survived longer than 8 days had fungal abscesses. Concurrent bacteria cases, including those more courses. detected by situ hybridization using probes against SARS-CoV-2 spike nucleocapsid genes immunohistochemistry. Viral nucleic acid protein variably localized mucosal glandular epithelial cells, pneumocytes, macrophages, debris. Based on established criteria, considered a contributing cause of cats. While mild infections are common, these findings suggest some variants may be severely affected other felids.

Language: Английский

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Possible Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 from Humans to Captive Non-Human Primates in the Peruvian Amazon

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 732 - 732

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Human-to-animal transmission events of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) have been reported in both domestic and wild species worldwide. Despite the high rates contagion mortality during COVID-19 (Coronavirus Diseases 2019) pandemic Peru, no instances natural virus infection documented animals, particularly Amazonian regions where human–wildlife interactions are prevalent. In this study, we conducted a surveillance investigation using viral RNA sequencing fecal samples collected from 76 captive semi-captive non-human primates (NHPs) Loreto, Ucayali, Madre de Dios between August 2022 February 2023. We detected segment RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRp) gene by metagenomic pooled sample white-fronted capuchins (Cebus unicolor) at rescue center Bello Horizonte, Ucayali. Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed that retrieved partial sequence RdRp matched genome. This study represents first instance molecular detection NHPs Peruvian Amazon, underscoring adverse impact anthropic activities on human–NHP interface emphasizing importance ongoing for early prediction future emergence new variants animals.

Language: Английский

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The use of wastewater surveillance to estimate SARS-CoV-2 fecal viral shedding pattern and identify time periods with intensified transmission

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 24, 2025

Wastewater-based surveillance is an important tool for monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it remains challenging to translate wastewater SARS-CoV-2 viral load infection number, due unclear shedding patterns in and potential differences between variants. We utilized comprehensive data estimates of prevalence (i.e., source shedding) available New York City (NYC) characterize fecal pattern over multiple waves. collected measurements NYC during August 31, 2020 – 29, 2023 (N = 3794 samples). Combining with (number infectious individuals including those not detected as cases), we estimated time-lag, duration, per-infection rate ancestral/Iota, Delta, Omicron variants, separately. also developed a procedure identify occasions intensified transmission. Models suggested likely starts around same time lasts slightly longer than respiratory tract shedding. Estimated was highest ancestral/Iota variant wave, at 1.44 (95% CI: 1.35 1.53) billion RNA copies per day (measured by RT-qPCR), decreased 20% 50-60% Delta wave period, respectively. identified 200 which exceeded expected level any city's 14 sewersheds. These anomalies disproportionally occurred late January, April—early May, early August, from late-November late-December, frequencies exceeding expectation assuming random occurrence (P < 0.05; bootstrapping test). may be useful understanding changes underlying help quantify transmission severity time. have demonstrated that can support identification periods potentially

Language: Английский

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