Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection on HIV Reservoirs and T-Cell Immune Recovery in 3-Dose Vaccinated People Living with HIV

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2427 - 2427

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are a vulnerable population higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); therefore, vaccination is recommended as priority. Data on viral reservoirs and immunologic outcomes for PLWH breakthrough infected acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) currently limited. In this study, we investigated the effects SARS-CoV-2 infection hematological parameters, (HIV) reservoir size, T-cell recovery in receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) after booster vaccination. The results indicated that during infection, homologous heterologous vaccines was safe two doses inactivated absolute CD4 counts decreased group, whereas CD8 group PLWH. Breakthrough increased HIV associated activation who received virally suppressed ART 3-dose According to our data, may put at greater reservoirs, even if these individuals were

Language: Английский

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The Persistence of Specific Immunoglobulin A Against SARS-CoV-2 in Human Milk After Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination

Breastfeeding Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. 943 - 950

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Objectives: To investigate SARS-CoV-2 specific immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in breast milk of Thai mothers post COVID-19 vaccination and/or infection, and to compare the sIgA among lactating with varying regimes.

Language: Английский

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Antibody Response Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Malaysian Cancer Patients and Healthy Individuals

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Introduction: There is a lack of real-world evidence on direct comparisons between COVID-19 vaccines in multiethnic low- and middle-income settings. Cancer patients have an impaired vaccine response due to the disease itself or effects treatment. Hence, identifying best use for cancer important. We aimed compare antibody healthy individuals following vaccination assess seroconversion rates, efficacy, impact sex response, as well document adverse events patients. Materials methods: A prospective cohort study receiving was conducted Malaysia. All participants were aged 18 above at recruitment received least two doses vaccine. excluded who had missing serum data post-first dose post-second dose. Sociodemographic clinical collected baseline, prior vaccination. Data self-reported breakthrough infection six months. Multivariable linear mixed-effects regression models used investigate association type IgG titer. Results: total 389 with solid (n=276, 71.0%) hematologic cancers (n=113, 29.0%) included, along 246 individuals. Most BNT162b2 (n=358, 92.0%), followed by AZ1222 (n=19, 4.9%) Coronavac (n=12, 3.1%). (n=151, 61.4%), (n=95, 38.6%). Vaccination, after adjustment confounders (pre-vaccine infection, age, ethnicity, comorbidity, timepoint, income, type, booster), associated lower log titer (-3.09 U/ml, 95% confidence interval=-4.37 -1.80, p<0.01) than that also (-2.64 interval=-2.97 -2.30, No effect modification observed. Among cohort, 76 (19.5%) reported infections vaccination, while 33 (13.4%) greater odds among (odds ratio=7.34 compared BNT162b2, interval=1.40 33.49, p=0.02). Conclusion: Vaccination yields higher all groups fewer subjects. The not modified sex.

Language: Английский

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Vaccination strategies, the Power of the Unmatched Double Hits

Future Science OA, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9)

Published: July 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay for the evaluation of cellular immunity after immunization with mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2024

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the virus-specific T-cell response after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, using QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Interferon-γ Release Assay. search conducted (June 8, 2023) in PUBMED, SCOPUS medRxiv databases, identify studies reporting [Starter (two Antigen tubes) or Starter+Extended Pack (three tubes), cut-off³0.15IU/mL] Positivity Rate (PR) immunocompetent adults, following administration of two three vaccine doses. Study quality evaluated with Critical Appraisal Skills Program Tool. a Random-Effects model. Heterogeneity publication bias were assessed. Eleven eligible (with 5-75 vaccinated participants) identified. For COVID-19-naive participants, £3 months second dose, pooled PR (Random-Effects model) 81 [95% Confidence Interval (95%CI):71-92]%. Comparing Starter vs. Pack, significant difference PRs detected (79.3% 92.2%, p-value=0.039). At 3-6 >6 dose at ³3 third 59(95%CI:45-72)%, 79(95%CI:66-92)% 66(95%CI:50-82)%, respectively. convalescent ³6 81(95%CI:67-92)%. In conclusion, vaccine, QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 positive responses certain percentage vaccinees. This detection higher when used. Possible explanations for assay’s negative results subset participants could be: waning immunity, reduced sensitivity compared other assays lack induction some vaccinees. (PROSPERO Registration Number:CRD42023431315)

Language: Английский

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Humoral and Innate Immunological Profile of Paediatric Recipients of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1389 - 1389

Published: July 9, 2024

The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was one of the essential tools in curtailing COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike conventional vaccines, this newly approved mRNA is taken up by cells, which leads to synthesis specific viral Spike antigen. initially introduced for adults, and immunological profile adult recipients well-characterized. paediatric use much later after its efficacy safety had been confirmed children. However, complete picture how immune system children reacts not well documented. Therefore, order better understand response children, we analysed humoral response, cell count, interferon signalling ranging between 5 17 years age. Our findings suggest that elicit a robust sustained at least three months. We also found triggered transient lymphocytopenia similar observed during infection. Interestingly, may sensitise pathway, priming cells mount potent when exposed interferons subsequent study offers new insights into workings innate immunity, thereby opening doors further research field.

Language: Английский

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QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay for the evaluation of cellular immunity after immunization with mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Immunologic Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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