Marine Origin vs. Synthesized Compounds: In Silico Screening for a Potential Drug Against SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Amar Osmanović, Mirsada Salihović, Elma Veljović

et al.

Scientia Pharmaceutica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 93(1), P. 2 - 2

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Although COVID-19 is not a pandemic anymore, the virus frequently mutates, resulting in new strains and presenting global public health challenges. The lack of oral antiviral drugs makes it difficult to treat him, which creation broadly acting antivirals necessary fight current next epidemics viruses. Using molecular docking approach, 118 compounds derived from marine organisms 92 previously synthesized were screened assess their binding affinity for main protease papain-like enzymes SARS-CoV-2. best candidates xanthene, benzoxazole, coumarin classes identified. Marine-derived showed slightly better potential as enzyme inhibitors, though affinities similar, with displaying values between 0.2 0.4 mM. Xanthenes, among both origin compounds, emerged most promising scaffolds further research inhibitors. was found be more druggable than protease. Additionally, all top met criteria various drug-likeness properties, indicating good bioavailability low risk adverse effects. This provides valuable insights into comparative coumarin, benzoxazole classes, highlighting vitro vivo studies.

Language: Английский

Immunomodulatory approaches in managing lung inflammation in COVID‐19: A double‐edge sword DOI Creative Commons
Geetika Verma, Manish Dhawan, AbdulRahman A. Saied

et al.

Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract Introduction The novel coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID‐19) which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has emerged as a gigantic problem. lung the major target organ of SARS‐CoV‐2 and some its variants like Delta Omicron variant adapted in such way that these can significantly damage this vital body. These raised few eyebrows outbreaks have been seen vaccinated population. Patients develop illnesses eventually prove fatal unless treated early. Main Body Studies shown causes release pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α are mediators inflammation, damage, fever, fibrosis. Additionally, various chemokines found to play an important role progression. A plethora “cytokine storm” observed cases infection leading distress (ARDS) pneumonia may fatal. To counteract cytokine storm‐inducing several promising immunomodulatory approaches being investigated numerous clinical trials. However, benefits using strategies should outweigh risks involved use certain immunosuppressive might lead host susceptible secondary bacterial infections. Conclusion present review discusses manage inflammation COVID‐19 serve potential therapeutic options future lifesaving.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
A comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 missense mutations indicates that all possible amino acid replacements in the viral proteins occurred within the first two-and-a-half years of the pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Nicole Balasco, Gianluca Damaggio, Luciana Esposito

et al.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 266, P. 131054 - 131054

Published: March 24, 2024

The surveillance of COVID-19 pandemic has led to the determination millions genome sequences SARS-CoV-2 virus, with accumulation a wealth information never collected before for an infectious disease. Exploring retrieved from GISAID database reporting at that time >13 million sequences, we classified 141,639 unique missense mutations detected in first two-and-a-half years (up October 2022) pandemic. Notably, our analysis indicates 98.2 % all possible conservative amino acid replacements occurred. Even non-conservative were highly represented (73.9 %). For significant number residues (3 %), other nineteen acids have been observed. These observations strongly indicate that, this interval, virus explored alternatives terms sites its polypeptide chain and those are not observed severely affect integrity. implications present findings go well beyond structural biology as huge amount here may be valuable elucidation sequence-structure-function relationships proteins.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The wind of change: Gibbs energy of binding and infectivity evolution of Omicron BA.2.86 Pirola, EG.5.1, XBB.1.16 Arcturus, CH.1.1 and BN.1 variants of SARS-CoV-2 DOI
Marko Popovic, Gavrilo Šekularac, Marta Popović

et al.

Microbial Risk Analysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 100290 - 100290

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Advancements in SARS-CoV-2 detection: Navigating the molecular landscape and diagnostic technologies DOI Creative Commons

Nuha Almulla,

Raya Soltane, Ahlam Alasiri

et al.

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. e29909 - e29909

Published: April 21, 2024

According to information from the World Health Organization, world has experienced about 430 million cases of COVID-19, a world-wide health crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. This outbreak, originating China in 2019, led nearly 6 deaths worldwide. As number confirmed infections continues rise, need for cutting-edge techniques that can detect early and accurately become more critical. To address this, Federal Drug Administration (FDA) issued emergency use authorizations (EUAs) wide range diagnostic tools. These include tests based on detecting nucleic acids antigen-antibody reactions. The quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay stands out as gold standard virus detection. However, despite its accuracy, qRT-PCR limitations, such complex testing protocols risk false negatives, which drive continuous improvement acid serological approaches. emergence highly contagious variants coronavirus, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron (B.1.1.529), increased specifically identify these mutations. article explores both acid-based assays, assessing performance recently approved FDA those documented scientific research, especially identifying new coronavirus strains.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Origin, evolution, and spread of SARS-CoV-2 DOI
Jonas Michel Wolf, Lucas Wolf,

Paul C. Wolf

et al.

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 5 - 19

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Peptide Epitope-Based Avian Igy Antibodies Against Sars-Cov-2 Spike: A Cost Effective Approach for Viral Detection and Neutralization DOI

G N Pramoda,

Prasan Havlad,

Nandagudi Srinivasa Murthy

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Decoding SARS-CoV-2 variants: Mutations, viral stability, and breakthroughs in vaccines and therapies DOI
Zainularifeen Abduljaleel

Biophysical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 320-321, P. 107413 - 107413

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Quasi-species prevalence and clinical impact of evolving SARS-CoV-2 lineages in European COVID-19 cohorts, January 2020 to February 2022 DOI Creative Commons
Matilda Berkell, Anna Górska,

Mathias Smet

et al.

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(10)

Published: March 13, 2025

Background Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is continuous. Aim Between 01/2020 and 02/2022, we studied variant epidemiology, evolution association with COVID-19 severity. Methods In nasopharyngeal swabs patients (n = 1,762) from France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR whole-genome sequencing, virus variant/lineage (NextStrain/Pangolin) determined. Patients’ demographic clinical details were recorded. Associations between mild/moderate or severe variants patient characteristics assessed logistic regression. Rates genomic locations mutations, as well quasi-species distribution (≥ 2 heterogeneous positions, ≥ 50× coverage) estimated based on 1,332 high-quality sequences. Results Overall, 11 clades infected 1,762 study median age 59 years (interquartile range (IQR): 45–73), 52.5% 925) being male. total, 101 non-synonymous substitutions/insertions correlated disease prognosis (severe, n 27; mild-to-moderate, 74). Several hotspots (mutation rates 85%) occurred in Alpha, Delta, Omicron concern (VOCs) but none pre-Alpha strains. Four retained across all variants, including spike:D614G. Average number mutations per open-reading-frame (ORF) increased spike gene (average < 5 genome January 2020 to > 15 2022), remained stable ORF1ab, membrane, nucleocapsid genes. Quasi-species most prevalent 20A/EU2 (48.9%), 20E/EU1 (48.6%), 20A (38.8%), 21K/Omicron (36.1%) infections. Immunocompromised status 60 years), while associated death irrespective (odds ratio (OR): 1.60–2.25; p ≤ 0.014), did not affect quasi-species’ prevalence (p 0.05). Conclusion Specific correlate potentially shaping VOCs’ emergence are relevant consider.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Beyond the Pandemic Era: Recent Advances and Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Against Emerging Variants of Concern DOI Creative Commons
Ankita Saha, Sounak Ghosh Roy, Richa Dwivedi

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 424 - 424

Published: April 17, 2025

Vaccination has been instrumental in curbing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and mitigating severity clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19. Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have developed to this effect, including BioNTech-Pfizer Moderna’s mRNA vaccines, as well adenovirus vector-based such Oxford–AstraZeneca. However, emergence new variants subvariants SARS-CoV-2, characterized by enhanced transmissibility immune evasion, poses significant challenges efficacy current vaccination strategies. In review, we aim comprehensively outline landscape emerging concern (VOCs) sub-lineages that recently surfaced post-pandemic years. We assess effectiveness existing their booster doses, against these subvariants, BA.2-derived sub-lineages, XBB BA.2.86 (Pirola). Furthermore, discuss latest advancements vaccine technology, multivalent pan-coronavirus approaches, along development several next-generation coronavirus exosome-based, virus-like particle (VLP), mucosal, nanomaterial-based vaccines. Finally, highlight key critical areas for future research address evolving threat develop strategies combating viral threats, thereby improving preparedness pandemics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Structural understanding of SARS-CoV-2 virus entry to host cells DOI Creative Commons

Kim Le,

Shrute Kannappan, Truc Kim

et al.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a major global health concern associated with millions of fatalities worldwide. Mutant variants virus have further exacerbated COVID-19 mortality and infection rates, emphasizing urgent need for effective preventive strategies. Understanding viral mechanism crucial developing therapeutics vaccines. The entry SARS-CoV-2 into host cells key step in pathway has been targeted drug development. Despite numerous reviews virus, there lack comprehensive focusing on structural aspects entry. In this review, we analyze changes Spike proteins during process, dividing process prebinding, receptor binding, proteolytic cleavage, membrane fusion steps. By understanding atomic-scale details entry, can better target intervention We also examine impacts mutations proteins, including Omicron variant, Structural information provides insights effects guide development Finally, discuss available structure-based approaches Overall, review detailed analysis highlighting its significance vaccines against COVID-19. Therefore, our emphasizes importance combating infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

10