Medicina,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(12), P. 1919 - 1919
Published: Nov. 22, 2024
Background
and
Objectives:
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
had
a
significant
impact
on
global
health,
with
serious
outcomes,
such
as
lung
damage,
being
major
determinants
of
patient
morbidity
mortality.
Immunization
been
essential
in
attenuating
these
outcomes.
This
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
vaccination
disease
severity,
particularly
focusing
pulmonary
involvement,
among
hospitalized
patients.
Materials
Methods:
A
retrospective
cohort
was
conducted
at
Victor
Babes
Hospital,
Timisoara,
involving
3005
patients
diagnosed
between
December
2020
March
2022.
Patients
were
stratified
into
vaccinated
unvaccinated
groups.
Results:
found
that
significantly
lower
rates
severe
involvement
compared
Specifically,
only
24.24%
experienced
35.64%
group
(p
<
0.001).
Vaccinated
individuals
shorter
hospital
stays
(8.96
±
6.40
days
vs.
10.70
6.29
days),
but
this
difference
not
statistically
=
0.219).
Additionally,
chronic
diseases
stroke
less
prevalent
patients,
highlighting
protective
effect
vaccination.
Conclusions:
reduces
severity
disease,
preventing
which
is
determinant
These
findings
underscore
importance
ongoing
efforts
need
for
booster
doses
maintain
immunity,
especially
new
variants
emerge.
supports
continued
prioritization
public
health
strategies
mitigate
long-term
COVID-19.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(3), P. 1263 - 1263
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
The
emergence
of
SARS-CoV-2
variants
has
significantly
impacted
the
global
response
to
COVID-19
pandemic.
This
review
examines
genetic
diversity
variants,
their
roles
in
epidemiological
tracking,
and
influence
on
viral
fitness.
Variants
concern
(VOCs)
such
as
Alpha,
Beta,
Gamma,
Delta,
Omicron
have
demonstrated
increased
transmissibility,
altered
pathogenicity,
potential
resistance
neutralizing
antibodies.
Epidemiological
tracking
these
is
crucial
for
understanding
spread,
informing
public
health
interventions,
guiding
vaccine
development.
also
explores
how
specific
mutations
spike
protein
other
genomic
regions
contribute
fitness,
affecting
replication
efficiency,
immune
escape,
transmission
dynamics.
By
integrating
surveillance
data
with
clinical
findings,
this
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
ongoing
evolution
its
implications
strategies
new
Advances in Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
41(3), P. 1075 - 1102
Published: Jan. 13, 2024
EPOCH-US
is
an
ongoing,
retrospective,
observational
cohort
study
among
individuals
identified
in
the
Healthcare
Integrated
Research
Database
(HIRD®)
with
≥
12
months
of
continuous
health
plan
enrollment.
Data
were
collected
for
HIRD
population
(containing
immunocompetent
and
immunocompromised
[IC]
individuals),
individual
IC
cohorts
(non-mutually
exclusive
based
on
immunocompromising
condition
and/or
immunosuppressive
[IS]
treatment),
composite
(all
unique
individuals).
This
updates
previous
results
addition
general
data
specifically
year
2022
(i.e.,
Omicron
wave
period).
To
provide
healthcare
decision-makers
most
recent
trends,
this
reports
incidence
rates
(IR)
severity
first
SARS-CoV-2
infection;
relative
risk,
utilization,
costs
related
to
COVID-19
hospitalizations
full
overall
between
April
2020
December
2022.
These
updated
showed
a
2.9%
prevalence
immune
compromise
population.
From
through
2022,
IR
was
115.7
per
1000
patient-years
77.8
cohort.
The
had
15.4%
hospitalization
rate
average
cost
$42,719
hospitalization.
Comparatively,
3.7%
$28,848
Compared
population,
4.3
23
times
greater
risk
diagnosis
COVID-19.
Between
January
associated
over
$1
billion,
(~
3%
population)
generating
$310
million
(31%)
these
costs.
While
only
higher
incurred
across
variants.
They
also
disproportionately
accounted
30%
total
amounting
~
million.
highlight
need
additional
preventive
measures
decrease
developing
severe
outcomes
vulnerable
populations.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
125(7)
Published: June 30, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
14‐3‐3
family
of
proteins
are
highly
conserved
acidic
eukaryotic
(25–32
kDa)
abundantly
present
in
the
body.
Through
numerous
binding
partners,
is
responsible
for
many
essential
cellular
pathways,
such
as
cell
cycle
regulation
and
gene
transcription
control.
Hence,
its
dysregulation
has
been
linked
to
onset
critical
illnesses
cancers,
neurodegenerative
diseases
viral
infections.
Interestingly,
explorative
studies
have
revealed
an
inverse
correlation
protein
cancer
diseases,
direct
manipulation
by
virus
enhance
infection
capacity
dramatically
extended
significance.
Of
these,
COVID‐19
interference
SARS‐CoV‐2
nucleocapsid
(N)
during
virion
assembly.
Given
predisposition
towards
multiple
host
signalling
it
vital
understand
holistic
interactions
between
unravel
potential
therapeutic
unit
future.
As
such,
general
structure
properties
proteins,
well
their
known
biological
functions
implications
cancer,
neurodegeneration,
viruses,
were
covered
this
review.
Furthermore,
target
associated
was
discussed.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
led
to
the
deaths
of
millions
people
and
severe
global
economic
impacts.
Small
molecule
therapeutics
have
played
an
important
role
in
fight
against
SARS-CoV-2,
virus
responsible
for
COVID-19,
but
their
efficacy
been
limited
scope
availability,
with
many
unable
access
benefits,
better
options
are
needed.
EDP-235
is
specifically
designed
inhibit
SARS-CoV-2
3CLpro,
potent
nanomolar
activity
all
variants
date,
as
well
clinically
relevant
human
zoonotic
coronaviruses.
maintains
potency
bearing
mutations
associated
nirmatrelvir
resistance.
Additionally,
demonstrates
a
≥
500-fold
selectivity
index
multiple
host
proteases.
In
male
Syrian
hamster
model
suppresses
replication
viral-induced
lung
pathology.
female
ferret
model,
inhibits
production
infectious
RNA
at
anatomical
sites.
Furthermore,
contact
transmission
does
not
occur
when
naïve
ferrets
co-housed
infected,
EDP-235-treated
ferrets.
Collectively,
these
results
demonstrate
that
broad-spectrum
coronavirus
inhibitor
animal
models
primary
infection
transmission.
this
study,
authors
report
small
show
it
effective
range
other
coronaviruses
replication,
reduces
damage,
prevents
models.
Viruses,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(7), P. 1515 - 1515
Published: July 7, 2023
Background:
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir
(NMV/r)
and
three-day
course
remdesivir
(3RDV)
have
been
approved
as
early
treatments
for
COVID-19
outpatients
not
requiring
supplemental
oxygen.
Real-life
data
on
the
efficacy
of
antivirals
among
immunocompromised
patients
or
directly
comparing
their
effectiveness
in
preventing
hospitalization
and/or
death
are
scarce.
Methods:
Prospective,
observational
study
conducted
a
tertiary
care
hospital,
from
1
January
2022
until
15
March
2023,
during
prevalence
Omicron
variant.
Inverse
probability
treatment
weighting
(IPTW)
was
used
to
account
differences
between
groups.
Results:
We
included
521,
mainly
(56%),
our
analysis;
356
(68.3%)
received
3RDV
165
(31.7%)
NMV/r.
Overall,
15/521
(2.9%)
met
primary
end-point
at
30
days
(3RDV
arm:
10/356,
2.8%
vs.
NMV/r
5/165,
3%,
p
=
1).
On
IPTW-adjusted
univariable
analysis,
choice
did
affect
outcomes.
In
multivariable
logistic
regression
we
found
that
one
(OR
0.26,
95%CI
0.07–0.99,
0.049)
two
0.06,
0.01–0.55,
0.014)
vaccine
booster
shots
reduced
risk
adverse
Conclusion:
patient
population
high-risk,
immunocompromised,
vaccinated
variant,
were
equally
effective
prevention
death.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(9), P. 2356 - 2356
Published: Aug. 23, 2023
Molnupiravir
is
an
antiviral
drug
against
viral
RNA
polymerase
activity
approved
by
the
FDA
for
treatment
of
COVID-19,
which
metabolized
to
β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine
(NHC)
in
human
blood
plasma.
A
novel
method
was
developed
and
validated
quantifying
NHC
plasma
within
analytical
range
10-10,000
ng/mL
using
high-performance
liquid
chromatography
with
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(HPLC-MS/MS)
support
pharmacokinetics
studies.
For
sample
preparation,
protein
precipitation
acetonitrile
used,
promethazine
as
internal
standard.
Chromatographic
separation
carried
out
on
a
Shim-pack
GWS
C18
(150
mm
×
4.6
mm,
5
μm)
column
gradient
elution
mode.
0.1%
formic
acid
solution
water
0.08%
ammonia
(eluent
A,
v/v)
methanol
mixed
4:1
ratio
B,
were
used
mobile
phase.
Electrospray
ionization
(ESI)
source.
The
accordance
Eurasian
Economic
Union
(EAEU)
rules,
based
European
Medicines
Agency
(EMA)
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
guidelines
following
parameters
part
clinical
study
molnupiravir
drugs:
selectivity,
suitability
standard
sample,
matrix
effect,
calibration
curve,
accuracy,
precision,
recovery,
lower
limit
quantification
(LLOQ),
carryover,
stability.
FEBS Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
The
emergence
of
new
coronavirus
variants
and
concerns
about
vaccine
effectiveness
against
these
novel
emphasize
the
need
for
broad‐spectrum
therapeutics
targeting
conserved
coronaviral
non‐structural
proteins.
Accordingly,
a
virtual
library
178
putative
inhibitors
SARS‐CoV‐2
Papain‐like
protease
(PL
pro
)
was
compiled
through
systematic
review
published
literature
subsequently
screened
using
molecular
docking.
Selected
hits
were
analyzed
inhibitory
activities,
binding
strength,
antiviral
activities
HCoV229E‐based
surrogate
system
validation.
Differences
in
potential
modes
action
investigated
an
system,
combined
with
silico
biophysical
methods
system.
Of
hits,
13
molecules
showed
superior
docking
scores
PL
met
inclusion
criteria
further
investigations.
these,
seven
notable
.
Particularly,
both
Psoralidin
Corylifol‐A
exhibited
and,
importantly,
dual
M
Both
found
to
be
biologically
active
HCoV229E
SARS‐CoV‐2;
however,
more
consistent
effects
relatively
well‐tolerated.
Detailed
analyses
their
interactions
two
proteases
identified
differences
action,
primarily
due
Based
on
findings,
we
propose
as
candidate
development
ideal
lead
optimization.
Current Pharmacology Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Abstract
Purpose
of
Review
Concerning
the
COVID-19
pandemic,
repositioning
several
anticancer
drugs
has
modulated
SARS-CoV-2-induced
inflammatory
responses
and
disrupted
viral
replication.
This
review
aims
to
discuss
potential
drug
(DR)
for
anti-SARS-CoV-2
RdRp,
its
limitations,
other
notable
successes
DR
against
COVID-19.
Recent
Findings
The
emergence
SARS-CoV-2,
an
etiological
agent
that
accounted
current
chaotic
episode,
brought
many
lives
away.
Notably,
RNA-dependent
RNA
polymerase
(RdRp)
contributed
significantly
replication
all
viruses,
including
making
it
a
promising
target
treatment.
lack
efficacious
combined
with
prolonged
duration
discovery
process
prompted
opt
as
alternative
route
combat
or
emerging
diseases.
human
telomerase
reverse
transcriptase
(hTERT),
catalytic
subunit
in
cancers,
been
identified
functional
structural
similarities
explore
antiviral
usage.
Summary
Taken
together,
investigation
hTERT
is
essential
uses
existing
COVID-19,
especially
such
urgent
time
need.
highlights
prospects
limitations.
Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 10
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Although
COVID-19
is
now
becoming
endemic,
SARS-CoV-2
persists
potential
jeopardy
to
clinically
vulnerable
populations.
Hence,
further
study
still
necessary
discover
novel
antiviral
agents
against
for
proactive
preparedness.
papain-like
protease
(PL
Pro)
a
target
enzyme
searching
anti-Covid
candidates.
Our
prior
revealed
the
major
formation
of
inclusion
bodies
during
PL
Pro
expression
in
E.
coli
RIPL.
In
this
study,
we
tried
using
chaperonin
Arctic
Express
system
and
both
codon
optimization
maltose-binding
protein
(MBP)
fusion
make
more
soluble.
Recombinant
encoded
on
pET21d(+)
plasmid
was
expressed
express.
However,
soluble
yield
remained
low
unstable
due
suboptimal
usage
insert
gene.
Whereas,
MBP
with
optimized
enhanced
solubility.
cleaved
linker
between
Pro,
which
served
as
cleavage
site
recognized
by
(LKGG↓A).
The
purified
from
200-mL
culture
generated
1
mL
pure
at
1.913
mg/mL
concentration.
It
exhibited
favorable
activity
Z-RLRGG-AMC
substrate,
Km
value
33.40
μM
Vmax
5.10
RFU/min.
