In silico evaluation of ten monoclonal antibodies neutralization power of SARS-CoV-2 variants EG.5, BA.2.86 and JN.1 (Preprint) DOI
Dana Ashoor

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

BACKGROUND The current globally dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants are showing immune escape and reduced susceptibility to antiviral drugs. Therefore, agencies responsible for drug evaluation regulation such as the FDA EMA revising their emergency authorization use of several COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies. These NAbs proved be unlikely effective against new especially Omicron descendants pharmaceutical companies pursuing development more potent OBJECTIVE aim this study is evaluate antibodies neutralization power assess effectiveness available on newly emerged Eris, Pirola JN.1. METHODS Previously developed In Silico method w 10 anti-SARS-CoV-2 propensity neutralize Omicron’s subvariants EG.5, BA.2.86 JN.1, based comparative binding affinity 3D generated models previous experimental clinical observations. Nine these were once granted authorization, one currently under investigation. RESULTS Our results showed that EG.5 there was either a decrease or no change energy with 9 significant increase antibody. For (BA.2.86) observed two This data indicates variant escapes most therapeutic NAbs. However, an in may considered use. silico predictions usefulness anti consistent published data. CONCLUSIONS Computational potential existing SARS-Cov-2 very useful defining combination could treatment countermeasure Eris (EG.5), JN.1 novel variants.

Language: Английский

Sotrovimab: A Review of Its Efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Variants DOI Creative Commons
Daniele Focosi, Arturo Casadevall, Massimo Franchini

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 217 - 217

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Among the anti-Spike monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), S-309 derivative sotrovimab was most successful in having longest temporal window of clinical use, showing a high degree resiliency to SARS-CoV-2 evolution interrupted only by appearance BA.2.86* variant interest (VOI). This success undoubtedly reflects rational selection target highly conserved epitope coronavirus Spike proteins. We review here efficacy against different variants outpatients and inpatients, discussing both randomized controlled trials real-world evidence. Although it could not be anticipated at time its development introduction, sotrovimab's use immunocompromised individuals who harbor large populations viruses created conditions for eventual demise, as antibody viral led withdrawal due inefficacy later lineages. Despite this, based on observational data, some authorities have continued promote sotrovimab, but lack binding newer strongly argues futility use. The story highlights power modern biomedical science generate novel therapeutics while also providing cautionary tale need devise strategies minimize emergence resistance antibody-based therapeutics.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Inferring effects of mutations on SARS-CoV-2 transmission from genomic surveillance data DOI Creative Commons
Brian Lee, Ahmed Abdul Quadeer, Muhammad S. Sohail

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract New and more transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2 have arisen multiple times over the course pandemic. Rapidly identifying mutations that affect transmission could improve our understanding viral biology highlight new warrant further study. Here we develop a generic, analytical epidemiological model to infer effects from genomic surveillance data. Applying data across many regions, find substantially rate, both within outside Spike protein. The largest on are strongly supported by experimental evidence prior studies. Importantly, detects lineages with increased even at low frequencies. As an example, significant advantages for Alpha, Delta, Omicron shortly after their appearances in regional data, when they comprised only around 1-2% sample sequences. Our thus facilitates rapid identification

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages DOI Creative Commons
H. J. Yang,

Xuemei He,

Shi H

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Abstract The newly emerged variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrate resistance to present therapeutic antibodies as well the capability evade vaccination-elicited antibodies. JN.1 sublineages were demonstrated one most immune-evasive variants, showing higher neutralization compared XBB.1.5. In this study, serum samples collected from adult participants including those who had gone through BA.5/BF.7, EG.5/HK.3 and XBB/JN.1 infection waves, characterized by different vaccination histories. We evaluated in these against pseudoviruses Omicron lineages. further investigated humoral immune response recombinant XBB vaccines estimated sublineages, KP.2 KP.3. Our results showed that sera previous circulating subvariant breakthrough infections exhibited low GMTs 50% all tested significantly elevated individuals received WSK-V102C or WSK-V102D boosters. Importantly, 4 months after a booster XBB.1.5, JN.1, JN.1.13, KP.3 3479, 1684, 1397, 1247 1298, with 9.86-, 9.79-, 8.73-, 8.66- 8.16-fold increase without booster, respectively, indicating boosting XBB.1.5 subunit still induced strong antibody responses sublineages. However, KP.3, revealed more than 2-fold decreases neutralizing titers suggesting enhanced evasion necessity boosters based on

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Subsequent Waves of Convergent Evolution in SARS-CoV-2 Genes and Proteins DOI Creative Commons
Daniele Focosi, Pietro Giorgio Spezia, Fabrizio Maggi

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 887 - 887

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Beginning in 2022, following widespread infection and vaccination among the global population, SARS-CoV-2 virus mainly evolved to evade immunity derived from vaccines past infections. This review covers convergent evolution of structural, nonstructural, accessory proteins SARS-CoV-2, with a specific look at common mutations found long-lasting infections that hint potentially reverting an enteric sarbecovirus type.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Features of the SARS-CoV-2 KP.3 variant mutations DOI
Francesco Branda, Massimo Ciccozzi, Fabio Scarpa

et al.

Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(10), P. 894 - 896

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Molecular epidemiology and population immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong (2022–2023) following a pivotal shift in the pandemic DOI Creative Commons

Zhencui Li,

Pei Hu, Qu Lin

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant sparked the largest wave of infections worldwide. Mainland China eased its strict COVID-19 measures in late 2022 and experienced two nationwide waves 2023. Here, we investigated lineage distribution virus evolution Guangdong, China, 2022-2023 by comparing 5813 local viral genomes with datasets from other regions Additionally, conducted three large-scale serological surveys involving 1696 participants to measure their immune response BA.5 XBB.1.9 before after corresponding waves. Our findings revealed variants, mainly BA.5.2.48 lineage, causing over 90% individuals across different age groups within a month. This rapid spread led establishment widespread immunity, limiting virus's ability further adaptive mutation dissemination. While similar responses were observed all initial wave, children aged 3 11 developed stronger cross strain, possibly explaining lower infection rates following XBB.1 wave. Reinfection triggered more potent neutralizing among older adults. These highlight impact age-specific on potential future Release zero-COVID policy large Omicron-driven authors analyze serology data describe changes antibody responses.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Molecular and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 evolution: from BA.2 to XBB subvariants DOI Creative Commons

Hisano Yajima,

Tomo Nomai, Kaho Okumura

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(10)

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

ABSTRACT Due to the incessant emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced fitness in human population, controlling COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging. Understanding how virus enhances its during a could offer valuable insights for more effective control viral epidemics. In this manuscript, we review evolution from early 2022 end 2023—from Omicron BA.2 XBB descendants. Focusing on period, provide concrete examples that increased by enhancing several functions spike (S) protein, including binding affinity ACE2 receptor and ability evade humoral immunity. Furthermore, explore specific mutations modify these S protein through structural alterations. This provides evolutionary, molecular, into repeatedly caused epidemic surges pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Development of antiviral drugs for COVID-19 in 2025: unmet needs and future challenges DOI
Daniele Focosi, David J. Sullivan, Massimo Franchini

et al.

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

The success in the COVID-19 pandemic containment largely originated from vaccine- and infection-elicited immunity, with SARS-CoV-2 infection only marginally mitigated by availability of antiviral drugs. current lack effective prophylactic therapeutic agents immunocompromised patients highlights need for a radical change design both drug manufacturing clinical trials. In this review authors summarize their suggestions manufacturers, reviewing classes small molecule antivirals passive immunotherapies highlighting limitations unexploited potential. Molecular serological testing can improve appropriateness. Efficacy be improved combining different while preserving economical sustainability. Respiratory delivery should better investigated

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Beyond the Pandemic Era: Recent Advances and Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Against Emerging Variants of Concern DOI Creative Commons
Ankita Saha, Sounak Ghosh Roy, Richa Dwivedi

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 424 - 424

Published: April 17, 2025

Vaccination has been instrumental in curbing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and mitigating severity clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19. Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have developed to this effect, including BioNTech-Pfizer Moderna’s mRNA vaccines, as well adenovirus vector-based such Oxford–AstraZeneca. However, emergence new variants subvariants SARS-CoV-2, characterized by enhanced transmissibility immune evasion, poses significant challenges efficacy current vaccination strategies. In review, we aim comprehensively outline landscape emerging concern (VOCs) sub-lineages that recently surfaced post-pandemic years. We assess effectiveness existing their booster doses, against these subvariants, BA.2-derived sub-lineages, XBB BA.2.86 (Pirola). Furthermore, discuss latest advancements vaccine technology, multivalent pan-coronavirus approaches, along development several next-generation coronavirus exosome-based, virus-like particle (VLP), mucosal, nanomaterial-based vaccines. Finally, highlight key critical areas for future research address evolving threat develop strategies combating viral threats, thereby improving preparedness pandemics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Another variant another history: description of the SARS-CoV-2 KP.2 (JN.1.11.1.2) mutations DOI
Francesco Branda, Alessandra Ciccozzi,

Chiara Romano

et al.

Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(7), P. 581 - 585

Published: May 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3