Methodical and Immunological Insights of Prime COVID-19 Vaccines DOI

Wilson Pearl Evangeline,

Sakthivelnathan Divyasri,

C.V. Akshaya

et al.

Coronaviruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Abstract:: Vaccines' discovery, manufacturing, and distribution have been on a historic uptick in response to this worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. A handful of vaccines approved an emergency basis after passing minimal clinical trials. There are voids the existing body research published work phase II III trial outcomes, efficacy, recently developed side effects vaccines. Furthermore, immunological methodological insights successful vaccinations still unpopular not publicly reported. We attempted review some major classes vaccines, namely inactivated viral particle vaccine (BBV152 - Covaxin), mRNA (BNT162b2 Pfizer mRNA-1273- Moderna), vector (Gam-COVID-Vac-Sputnik ChAdOx1-S-Astrazeneca) protein subunit (NVX-CoV2373-Novavax) discuss their formulations. This intends address literature's gaps limitations vaccine’s safety, efficiency, effectiveness profiles. report, by accumulating comparing available literature datasheets concludes that efficacy has found be 81% for BBV152 (COVAXIN), 94.5% BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), 91.6% Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), 62–90% ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca), 96.4% NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax), demonstrating lowering severity frequency SARS-CoV-2 infection. conclude while commercially few regarding trials effects, they provide immunity with ranging from against COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Updated Considerations for the Immunopharmacological Aspects of the “Talented mRNA Vaccines” DOI Creative Commons
Cristiana Perrotta, Claudio Fenizia, Carla Carnovale

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1481 - 1481

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines belong to a new class of medications, therapeutics, including both coding and non-coding RNAs. The use mRNA as therapy is based on the biological role itself, namely its translation into functional protein. goal produce specific antigen in cells elicit an immune response that might be prophylactic or therapeutic. potential vaccine has been envisaged for years but efficacy clearly demonstrated with approval COVID-19 2021. Since then, have pipeline diseases are still untreatable. There many advantages over traditional vaccines, easy cost-effective production, high safety, high-level expression. However, nature itself some technical issues pose challenges associated vaccines' development use. Here we review immunological pharmacological features by discussing their pharmacokinetics, mechanisms action, particular attention related administration. Furthermore, present overview areas application clinical trials utilize treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Immune Response to an Inactivated Vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac) in an Indigenous Brazilian Population: A Cohort Study DOI Creative Commons
Laís Albuquerque de Oliveira, Isa Rita Brito de Morais, Marcelo dos Santos Barbosa

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 402 - 402

Published: April 10, 2024

Although the adaptive immune responses to CoronaVac vaccine are known, their dynamics in indigenous communities remain unclear. In this study, we assessed humoral and cellular (Sinovac Biotech Life Sciences, 2021 NCT05225285, Beijing, China), immunized Brazilian individuals.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
COVID-19 Vaccination Strategies in the Endemic Period: Lessons from Influenza DOI Creative Commons
Eliel Nham, Ji Yun Noh,

Ok Hyun Park

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 514 - 514

Published: May 9, 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious zoonotic respiratory with many similarities to influenza. Effective vaccines are available for both; however, rapid viral evolution and waning immunity make them virtually impossible eradicate vaccines. Thus, the practical goal of vaccination reduce incidence serious illnesses death. Three years after introduction COVID-19 vaccines, optimal strategy in endemic period remains elusive, health authorities worldwide have begun adopt various approaches. Herein, we propose based on data until early 2024 discuss aspects that require further clarification better decision making. Drawing from comparisons between influenza strategies, our proposed prioritizes high-risk groups, emphasizes seasonal administration aligned campaigns, advocates co-administration increase coverage.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
An intranasal attenuated Coxsackievirus B3 vaccine induces strong systemic and mucosal immunity against CVB3 lethal challenge DOI Open Access
Huixiong Deng, Yanlei Li,

Xuanting He

et al.

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(8)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) triggers viral myocarditis, with no effective vaccine yet. This fecal‐oral transmitted pathogen has prompted interest in mucosal immunization strategies to impede CVB3 spread. We developed a new attenuated strain, named CVB3(mu). The potential of CVB3(mu) stimulate immune protection remains be elucidated. study evaluates the attenuation characteristics via rapid evolution cellular model and RNA sequencing. Its temperature sensitivity safety were evaluated through vitro vivo experiments. immunity was assessed intranasal Balb/c mice. results indicate that exhibits forms smaller plaques. It sustains fewer genetic mutations still possesses certain traits up 25th passage, comparison CVB3(WT). Intranasal elicited significant serum neutralizing antibodies, substantial sIgA response nasal washes. In trials revealed adult mice passive suckling against lethal CVB3(WT) challenges. conclusion, CVB3(mu), live vaccine, provides involving humoral immunity, making it promising candidate control spread infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Sex-biased immunogenicity of a mucosal subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in mice DOI Creative Commons
Jianping Li,

Kevin Hsu,

Savannah E. Howe

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 21, 2024

Introduction Current vaccines against COVID-19 administered via parenteral route have limited ability to induce mucosal immunity. There is a need for an effective vaccine combat SARS-CoV-2 virus replication in the respiratory mucosa. Moreover, sex differences are known affect systemic antibody responses vaccines. However, their role cellular remains unclear and underappreciated. Methods We evaluated immunogenicity of booster regimen that recombinant protein-based intranasally mice explore humoral responses. Results Our results showed vaccinated elicited strong (Ab), nasal, bronchiole alveolar lavage (BAL) IgA responses, local T cell immune lung sex-biased manner irrespective mouse genetic background. Monocytes, macrophages, CD103+ resident dendritic cells (DCs) lungs correlated with robust Ab induced by vaccine. Discussion findings provide novel insights into optimizing next-generation inducing spike-specific as well immunity other infections, rationale considering future research vaccination practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Immunogenicity and Tolerability of a SARS-CoV-2 TNX-1800, a Live Recombinant Poxvirus Vaccine Candidate, in Syrian Hamsters and New Zealand White Rabbits DOI Creative Commons
Mayanka Awasthi,

Anthony Macaluso,

Scott J. Goebel

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2131 - 2131

Published: Oct. 21, 2023

TNX-1800 is a preclinical stage synthetic-derived live attenuated chimeric horsepox virus vaccine engineered to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) gene. The objectives of this study were assess safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity administration in Syrian golden hamsters New Zealand white rabbits. Animals vaccinated at three doses via percutaneous inoculation. data showed that single dose levels was well tolerated both At all levels, rabbits more decerning regarding site reaction than hamsters. Lastly, no genomes could be detected vaccination. Post-vaccination, animals had anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein IgG specific antibody responses. These demonstrate infection limited, asymptomatic, cleared by end study, able generate immune

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Delving into revolutionary SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approaches: Molecular and virological examinations; principles of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platform DOI
Fahime Edalat, Fatemeh Hosseini, Afagh Moattari

et al.

Vacunas, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 109 - 127

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Citations

3
Immunogenicity and tolerability of a SARS-CoV-2 TNX-1800, a live recombinant poxvirus vaccine candidate, in Syrian Hamsters and New Zealand White Rabbits DOI Open Access
Mayanka Awasthi,

Anthony Macaluso,

Scott J Goebel

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Abstract TNX-1800 is a preclinical stage synthetic derived live chimeric horsepox virus vaccine that comprises an engineered SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) gene expression cassette. The objectives of this study were to assess the immunogenicity and tolerability administration in Syrian golden hamsters New Zealand white rabbits. Animals vaccinated via percutaneous inoculation evaluated for dose tolerance at three different levels. 28-day data showed single levels was well tolerated both For all levels, rabbits had more dermal observations than same Vaccine-induced viral load four weeks post-dosing below detection level species.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Ameliorative role of diets fortified with Artocarpus altilis in a Drosophila melanogaster model of aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity DOI Creative Commons
Jamiyu A. Saliu, Ayobami Matthew Olajuyin,

Samuel Faith Olowolayemo

et al.

Clinical Phytoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

Abstract Backgrounds: Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) belongs to the family Moraceae. possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. Aluminum (Al) is extensively utilized for consumer products, cooking utensils, pharmaceuticals, industries. Indication neurotoxicity of Al investigated in various studies, notwithstanding precise mechanisms toxicity are yet be fully elucidated, and, which requires novel therapy. In this study, we determined ameliorative role on aluminum chloride-induced Drosophila melanogaster . Methods Varying concentration extract were used formulate diets 6 groups flies. Group 1 contained basal diet, group 2 diet aluminium chloride (AlCl 3 ), + 0.1% unseeded breadfruit (UBF), 4 1% breadfruit, 5 AlCl3 breadfruit. Assays such as acetylcholinesterase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity carried out after 7 days exposure respectively. Results The results showed low MDA level high SOD pretreated post-treated flies with compared normal negative control Conclusions Taken together, a promising prophylactic, antiacetylcholinesterase, antioxidant plant prevention, management treatment neurodegenerative diseases. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Delving into revolutionary SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approaches: Molecular and virological examinations; principles of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platform DOI
Fahime Edalat, Fatemeh Hosseini, Afagh Moattari

et al.

Vacunas (English Edition), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 109 - 127

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Citations

0