Constructions and immunogenicity evaluations of two porcine epdemic diarrhea virus-like particle vaccines

Veterinary Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 303, P. 110451 - 110451

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Serial cell culture passaging in vitro led to complete attenuation and changes in the characteristic features of a virulent porcine deltacoronavirus strain

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(8)

Published: July 16, 2024

ABSTRACT Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an important enteric coronavirus that has caused enormous economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. However, no commercial vaccine currently available. Therefore, developing a safe and efficacious live-attenuated candidate urgently needed. In this study, PDCoV strain CH/XJYN/2016 was continuously passaged LLC-PK cells until passage 240, virus growth kinetics cell culture, pathogenicity neonatal piglets, transcriptome differences after infection, changes functional characteristics of spike (S) protein high- low-passage strains, genetic variation genome, resistance to pepsin acid, protective effects when used as were examined. The results animal experiments demonstrated virulent completely attenuated not pathogenic piglets following serial passage. Genome sequence analysis showed amino acid mutations nonstructural proteins mainly concentrated Nsp3, structural S protein, N, M, E genes conserved. Transcriptome comparison revealed compared with negative control cells, P10-infected had most differentially expressed (DEGs), while P0 P240 least number DEGs. Analysis trypsin dependence related P10 interacted more strongly P120 APN receptor. Moreover, infectivity affected by but significantly decreased exposure low pH. Furthermore, P240-based provided complete protection against challenge PDCoV. conclusion, we through passaging vitro . These provide insights into potential molecular mechanisms attenuation development promising vaccine. IMPORTANCE one enteropathogenic pathogens cause diarrhea pigs various ages, especially suckling causes global pork industry. There are effective measures prevent As reported previous porcine epidemic (PEDV) transmissible gastroenteritis studies, inactivated vaccines usually elicit less robust immune responses than native sows. identifying mechanisms, gene evolution, during passaging, immunogenicity for elucidating mechanism strains. virulence , biological efficacy evaluated. Our help elucidate support appropriate designs study live vaccines.

Language: Английский

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RNASEK interacting with PEDV structural proteins facilitates virus entry via clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

ABSTRACT Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), as a type of Alphacoronavirus causing acute and high death rate among sucking piglets, poses great financial damage to the swine industry. Nevertheless, molecular mechanism whereby PEDV enters host cells is unclear, limiting development PED vaccines anti-PEDV agents. The present study found that protein ribonuclease kappa (RNASEK) was regulated by USF2, transcription factor, facilitated replication. RNASEK identified novel binding partner PEDV, which interacted with spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) proteins on virion surfaces increase uptake not for attachment virions. through endocytosis pathways. knockdown or knockout assay revealed clathrin-mediated (CME), promoted internalization Clathrin adaptor EPS15 only E protein, demonstrating could target more virions interaction S, E, M clathrin rather than merely interacting mediate entry CME. Moreover, our findings suggest RNASEK, newly host-entry facilitates increasing EPS15-clathrin complex may also provide potential therapies. IMPORTANCE causative pathogen porcine diarrhea, highly infectious intestinal condition, significant economic However, existing fail adequate protection piglets against infection. Although replication in has been widely described, mechanisms beneath are incompletely understood. In this study, we showed factor new infection LLC-PK1 cells. can bind multiple structural (S, proteins), therefore between virions, clathrin, promote entry. Apart from unraveling contributed facilitating agents vaccines.

Language: Английский

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Advances in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus research: genome, epidemiology, vaccines, and detection methods

Discover Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal disease caused by the porcine virus (PEDV). The economic impact of PEDV on global pig industry has been significant, resulting in considerable losses. This paper presents review latest research progress genome, molecular epidemiology, vaccine development, and detection methods. It was determined that genetic diversity spike (S) gene closely associated with epidemiological trend PEDV. prevalence S variants different genotypes exhibited variability across regions populations. Epidemiological analyses have demonstrated can be transmitted via multiple routes, including direct contact, airborne aerosol, water source contamination. With regard to research, available vaccines classified into several categories, live-attenuated vaccines, inactivated subunit bacterial vector viral mRNA etc. Each these distinctive characteristics terms immunogenicity, protection efficiency, safety. Molecular methods, PCR-based isothermal amplification techniques, immunological assays, biosensors, play an important role diagnosis monitoring Furthermore, this examines current developments identifies key areas future investigation. objective establish theoretical foundation for prevention control strategies PED, provide point reference further genomics, development methods

Language: Английский

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Rational Design and Immunological Mechanisms of Circular RNA-Based Vaccines: Emerging Frontiers in Combating Pathogen Infection

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 563 - 563

Published: May 26, 2025

Vaccines remain one of the most effective tools in combating infectious diseases, though traditional platforms are constrained by limitations including suboptimal immunogenicity, safety concerns, and manufacturing complexity. Circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines have recently emerged as a novel vaccine modality, demonstrating unique advantages high stability, low innate sustained antigen expression. Although early research has predominantly focused on viral targets, accumulating evidence now supports application potential circRNA against diverse pathogens, particularly antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Through encoding critical antigens or virulence factors, these demonstrate capability to induce protective immune responses, presenting viable alternative conventional antimicrobial strategies. This review highlights recent advances development, spanning synthetic circularization techniques, delivery approaches, immunological mechanisms. We emphasize their viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic infections, while addressing current challenges future directions this emerging platform. Collectively, insights underscore circRNA’s multifaceted versatility its expanding relevance next-generation innovation.

Language: Английский

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Near zero background noise photoelectrochemical sensor based on sensitized signal probe CdS QDs-Dox intercalating double-stranded DNA for PEDV detection

Talanta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 281, P. 126826 - 126826

Published: Sept. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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