Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 376 - 376

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its molecular complexity, late-stage diagnosis, and inherent resistance conventional treatments. The intermediate low mutational burden in HCC ability evade immune system through multiple mechanisms complicate development effective therapies. Recent advancements immunotherapy, particularly neoantigen-based vaccines, offer a promising, personalized approach treatment. Neoantigens are tumor-specific peptides derived from somatic mutations tumor cells. Unlike normal cellular antigens, neoantigens foreign system, making them highly specific targets for immunotherapy. arise genetic alterations such as point mutations, insertions, deletions, gene fusions, which expressed neoepitopes that not present healthy tissues, thus evading tolerance typically protect Preclinical early-phase clinical studies vaccines have shown promising results, demonstrating these elicit robust T cell responses against HCC. aim current review is provide an in-depth exploration potential HCC, focusing on neoantigen identification, vaccine platforms, their integration with checkpoint inhibitors enhance immunogenicity. It also evaluates preclinical data efficacy safety while addressing translation. By taking advantage unique antigenic profile each patient’s tumor, represent treatment offering improved patient outcomes, long-term remission, shift towards personalized, precision medicine cancer therapy.

Language: Английский