The unintended consequences of COVID-19 vaccine policy: why mandates, passports and restrictions may cause more harm than good

BMJ Global Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(5), P. e008684 - e008684

Published: May 1, 2022

Vaccination policies have shifted dramatically during COVID-19 with the rapid emergence of population-wide vaccine mandates, domestic passports and differential restrictions based on vaccination status. While these prompted ethical, scientific, practical, legal political debate, there has been limited evaluation their potential unintended consequences. Here, we outline a comprehensive set hypotheses for why may ultimately be counterproductive harmful. Our framework considers four domains: (1) behavioural psychology, (2) politics law, (3) socioeconomics, (4) integrity science public health. current vaccines appear to had significant impact decreasing COVID-19-related morbidity mortality burdens, argue that mandatory are scientifically questionable likely cause more societal harm than good. Restricting people’s access work, education, transport social life status impinges human rights, promotes stigma polarisation, adversely affects health well-being. Current lead widening economic inequalities, detrimental long-term impacts trust in government scientific institutions, reduce uptake future measures, including as well routine immunisations. Mandating is one most powerful interventions should used sparingly carefully uphold ethical norms institutions. We re-evaluated light negative consequences outline. Leveraging empowering strategies consultation, improving healthcare services infrastructure, represent sustainable approach optimising programmes and, broadly, well-being public.

Language: Английский

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Determinants for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the general population: a systematic review of reviews

Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(11), P. 1829 - 1845

Published: Sept. 19, 2022

Abstract Aim Although multiple COVID-19 vaccines are approved for global use, vaccine hesitancy poses a substantial risk health. Therefore, the aim of this umbrella review is to identify those factors that influence vaccination in general population. This necessary improve effectiveness future programmes. Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, and PROSPERO (International Prospective Register Reviews) were searched on December 21, 2021. included reviews which investigated intention, willingness, or with regard adult populations, no restrictions setting. Content-based structure was used synthesise extracted data. The findings presented based Strategic Advisory Group Experts (SAGE) Working Model hesitancy. Results A total 3,392 studies identified, 31 met inclusion criteria. most frequently documented associated contextual factors, such as sex, age, social inequalities; individual group trust healthcare system, public health authorities, governments, history vaccination; vaccine-specific concern safety, perceived barriers, vaccines, about rapid development vaccine; disease-specific fear being infected COVID-19, severity knowledge COVID-19. Conclusion There Our lay foundation further understand uptake provide possible targets intervention However, there gaps research concerning certain including people mental disorders.

Language: Английский

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A Rapid Systematic Review of Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake in Minority Ethnic Groups in the UK

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 1121 - 1121

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom. To maximise effectiveness of vaccination programme, it is important to understand and address disparities vaccine uptake. The aim this review was identify factors influencing uptake between UK. A search undertaken peer-reviewed databases, polling websites grey literature from January 2020–May 2021. Studies were included if they reported data on or reasons for against accepting Twenty-one papers met inclusion criteria, all which rated as either good moderate quality. Ethnic status associated with higher hesitancy lower compared White British groups. Barriers pre-existing mistrust formal services, lack information about vaccine’s safety, misinformation, inaccessible communications, logistical issues. Facilitators inclusive communications concerns via trusted communicators increased visibility media. Community engagement informational needs using collaborative community healthcare networks likely increase equity

Language: Английский

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Race, ethnicity and COVID-19 vaccination: a qualitative study of UK healthcare staff

Ethnicity and Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1555 - 1574

Published: June 6, 2021

Objective COVID-19-related inequities experienced by racial and ethnic minority groups including healthcare professionals mirror wider health inequities, which risk being perpetuated lower uptake of vaccination. We aim to better understand among staff inform initiatives enhance uptake.Design Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted (October 2020–January 2021) with UK-based staff. Data inductively thematically analysed.Results Vaccine decision-making processes underpinned an overarching theme, 'weighing up risks harm against potential benefits self others'. Sub-themes included 'fear harm', 'moral/ethical objections', 'potential others', 'information misinformation', 'institutional or workplace pressure'. identified ways in these weighted more heavily towards vaccine hesitancy for influenced perceptions about institutional structural discrimination. This suspicions fear around pressure be vaccinated, injustices development testing, religious ethical concerns, legitimacy accessibility messaging communication.Conclusions Drawing on a critical race perspective, we conclude that acknowledging historical contemporary abuses power is essential avoid perpetuating aggravating mistrust de-contextualising from the social affecting hesitancy, undermining efforts increase uptake.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

Abstract Background A high COVID-19 vaccine uptake is essential to achieve herd immunity combat the current strain of and potential future variants. This review aimed identify factors associated with public intention receive vaccines until February 2021 provide accessible data policymakers inform framing targeting messages designed optimise uptake. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Sociological Abstracts Applied Social Sciences Index were searched for cross-sectional studies reporting regarding intentions, published between 01/01/2020 12/02/2021. Title/abstract full-text screening performed independently by two authors. The Appraisal Tool Cross-sectional Studies (AXIS) was used assess bias quality. Both random-effects meta-analysis narrative synthesis describe intentions factors. subgroup analysis assessing impact sex, sampling method time survey on performed. Results Searches identified 4739 studies, 23 deemed eligible review; 22 online surveys one a mixed-methods study design. Eighteen conducted in first half 2020 five latter 2020. Fifteen countries represented, most common being United States ( n = 4) Kingdom 41,403 participants across all surveys. Most employed convenience 11 non-responder rates raised concerns over non-response bias. From 18 included meta-analysis, pooled proportion willing 73.3% 18, 95% Confidence Interval 64.2 81.5%, I 2 99.7%). Factors higher acceptance greater perceived risk COVID-19, lower level harm, educational attainment household income, older age, White ethnicity male sex. Conclusions There willingness which influenced sociodemographic perceptions. findings suggest research should explore reasoning behind different groups allow targeted communication strategies be formulated health agencies. Registration PROSPERO Number: CRD42021239134.

Language: Английский

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Access to Vaccination among Disadvantaged, Isolated and Difficult-to-Reach Communities in the WHO European Region: A Systematic Review

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1038 - 1038

Published: June 28, 2022

Vaccination has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. High vaccination coverage rates are required to achieve herd protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. However, limited vaccine access hesitancy among specific communities represent obstacles this goal. This review provides an overview of critical factors associated with disadvantaged groups in World Health Organisation European countries. Initial searches yielded 18,109 publications from four databases, 104 studies 19 out 53 countries reporting 22 diseases were included. Nine representing the populations interest identified, most focused asylum seekers, refugees, migrants deprived communities. Recall previous vaccinations received was poor, serology conducted some cases confirm for those who prior vaccinations. lower study compared general population or national average. Factors that influenced uptake, which presented differently at different levels, included health service accessibility, language literacy, including risk perception, disease severity benefits. Strategies could be implemented policy programs also identified. Overall, interventions target vital improving uptake. More innovative strategies need deployed improve groups.

Language: Английский

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Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in ethnic minority groups: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of initial attitudes in qualitative research

SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100210 - 100210

Published: Dec. 22, 2022

Despite being disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, ethnic and racial minority groups show widespread vaccine hesitancy. Adherence to ongoing booster campaigns is required contain future spread of virus protect health systems. This review aims appraise synthesise qualitative studies published from December 2021 February 2022 addressing issue for an in-depth exploration initial hesitancy in minorities, including refugee, asylum seeker migrant populations. A systematic literature search five databases identified 15 eligible studies. Thematic synthesis three main themes "institutional mistrust", "lack confidence development process", reliable information or messengers". Two minor included "complacency/perceived lack need" "structural barriers access". "Institutional mistrust" permeated several other themes, demonstrating need culturally sensitive approaches. Applying our findings World Health Organisation's Three C′ Model hesitancy, "confidence" dimension appears represent a large barrier uptake groups. Indeed, nuanced adaptations model may be necessary explain those Further research explore factors facilitating monitor changes over time.

Language: Английский

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Technology married to good governance and diversity: Explaining e-participation preparedness in government

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 123218 - 123218

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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The political representation of minoritized groups in times of crisis: Covid-19 and beyond

Ethnic and Racial Studies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: June 14, 2024

Minoritized groups have been severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, highlighting need to better understand how they and their interests were (not) represented in political process during this challenging period. We identify common unique features of past crises, discuss why pandemic may a moment for change before identifying gaps research. Finally, we present seven articles Special Issue that analyze representation minoritized politics, news media online. This brings together diverse group scholars using different theoretical approaches, methodologies data sources. Using interdisciplinary intersectional perspectives, shed new light on people's across globe, focusing ethnic racial experienced themselves.

Language: Английский

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Applying an extended protection motivation theory to predict Covid-19 vaccination intentions and uptake in 50–64 year olds in the UK

Social Science & Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 114819 - 114819

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

To examine the correlates of Covid-19 vaccination intentions and subsequent uptake as outlined in an extended version protection motivation theory (PMT). A two-wave online survey conducted at start rollout to 50–64 year olds UK three months later. Unvaccinated adults (N = 438) aged completed baseline measures from PMT (perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, maladaptive response rewards, efficacy, self-efficacy, costs, intention) well injunctive descriptive norms, demographics, experiences, past influenza vaccine uptake. Self-reported a was assessed later (n 420). The explained 59% variance intentions, after controlling for All variables, with exception severity were significant independent predictors intention. In line national figures, 94% sample reported having received follow-up intention found be key predictor Interventions increase need vaccinated by emphasizing benefits (e.g., terms reducing risk) likely approval others while also addressing concerns safety issues) common misperceptions natural immunity versus vaccines) that people might have about vaccines. Future research is needed countries, on groups, lower rates.

Language: Английский

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