International Journal of Remote Sensing,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
45(24), P. 9421 - 9442
Published: Oct. 8, 2024
Total
suspended
matter
is
one
of
the
crucial
water
quality
parameters
for
both
inland
and
marine
environments,
a
key
role
in
evaluating
estuaries
offshore
areas.
Each
year,
Yellow
River
carries
significant
amount
sediment
into
semi-enclosed
Bohai
Sea,
results
prolonged
high
concentration
total
areas
Estuary.
This
study
focuses
on
region
Estuary
China.
Utilizing
Sentinel-2
satellite
imagery
data
from
2020
to
2023
in-situ
measured
August
2022,
address
lack
physical
mechanisms
currently
studied
machine
learning
retrieval
methods,
model
that
integrates
physics-driven
Quasi-Analytical
Algorithm
(QAA)
data-driven
Random
Forest
(RF)
employed
area.
The
fused
(QAA-RF)
compared
analysed
against
regression
models
standalone
models.
indicate
accuracy
consistently
higher
than
QAA-RF
demonstrates
highest
(R2
=
0.87,
MAE
5.01
mg
L−1,
RMSE
6.39
L−1).
Based
data,
monthly
conducted
indicates
that:
(1)
concentrations
primarily
concentrated
near
estuary
region,
with
decreasing
as
distance
increases.
(2)
exhibits
distribution
pattern
values
spring
winter,
lower
summer
autumn.
(3)
shows
relatively
small
fluctuations
at
annual
scale
2023.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(16), P. 7136 - 7136
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
Conserving
water
resources
from
scarcity
and
pollution
is
the
basis
of
resource
management
quality
monitoring
programs.
However,
due
to
industrialization
population
growth
in
Malaysia,
which
have
resulted
poor
many
areas,
this
program
needs
be
improved.
A
smart
system
based
on
internet
things
(IoT)
paradigm
was
designed
analyze
conditions
real
time
enable
effective
management.
Long-range
(LoRa)
application
low-power,
wide-area
networking
concept
has
become
a
phenomenon
IoT
applications.
This
study
proposes
implementation
LoRa
network
system-based
approach.
The
nodes
were
embedded
with
measuring
sensors
pH,
turbidity,
temperature,
total
dissolved
solids,
oxygen,
designated
stations.
They
operate
at
transmission
power
14
dB
bandwidth
125
kHz.
properties
tested
two
different
antenna
gains
2.1
dBi
3
dBi,
three
spread
factors
7,
9,
12.
stations
located
Sungai
Pantai
Anak
Air
Batu
rivers
Universiti
Malaya
campus,
Malaysia.
Following
dashboard
display
K-means
analysis
data
received
by
gateway,
it
determined
that
both
are
Class
II
B
rivers.
results
evaluation
performance
strength
signal
indicator,
noise
ratio,
loss
packet,
path
best
−83
dBm,
7
dB,
<0%,
64.41
respectively,
minimum
sensitivity
−129.1
dBm.
demonstrated
its
efficiency
an
urban
environment
for
river
purposes.
International Journal of Remote Sensing,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
45(24), P. 9421 - 9442
Published: Oct. 8, 2024
Total
suspended
matter
is
one
of
the
crucial
water
quality
parameters
for
both
inland
and
marine
environments,
a
key
role
in
evaluating
estuaries
offshore
areas.
Each
year,
Yellow
River
carries
significant
amount
sediment
into
semi-enclosed
Bohai
Sea,
results
prolonged
high
concentration
total
areas
Estuary.
This
study
focuses
on
region
Estuary
China.
Utilizing
Sentinel-2
satellite
imagery
data
from
2020
to
2023
in-situ
measured
August
2022,
address
lack
physical
mechanisms
currently
studied
machine
learning
retrieval
methods,
model
that
integrates
physics-driven
Quasi-Analytical
Algorithm
(QAA)
data-driven
Random
Forest
(RF)
employed
area.
The
fused
(QAA-RF)
compared
analysed
against
regression
models
standalone
models.
indicate
accuracy
consistently
higher
than
QAA-RF
demonstrates
highest
(R2
=
0.87,
MAE
5.01
mg
L−1,
RMSE
6.39
L−1).
Based
data,
monthly
conducted
indicates
that:
(1)
concentrations
primarily
concentrated
near
estuary
region,
with
decreasing
as
distance
increases.
(2)
exhibits
distribution
pattern
values
spring
winter,
lower
summer
autumn.
(3)
shows
relatively
small
fluctuations
at
annual
scale
2023.
