Effects of nitrogen reduction rates on grain yield and nitrogen utilization in a wheat-maize rotation system in yellow cinnamon soil

AIMS Agriculture and Food, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 317 - 335

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

<abstract> <p>Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer application severely degrades soil and contaminates the atmosphere water. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of different N strategies on wheat-summer corn rotation systems in yellow-brown areas. The consisted seven treatments: no fertilization (CK), conventional (FP), optimized (CF), reduced rates 10% (90% FP), 20% (80% 30% (70% a combination controlled release with urea at 7:3 ratio (CRU). results indicate that under condition 80% FP, both CF CRU treatments can increase yield wheat for two consecutive years. Compared FP treatment, increased by 3.62–2.57% maize 3.53–1.85% recovery rate (NRE) crops 46.2–37.8%. agronomic use efficiency (aNUE) treatment 35.4–37.7%, followed CRU, which 30.5–33.9%. Moreover, compared content organic matter (OM), total (TN), hydrolyzed (HN) topsoil layer, 70% significantly HN content. Both NO₃ concentrations 0–20 cm depth during season maturity stages decreased residual inorganic below plow layer (40–60 cm). During season, concentration 40–60 from seedling jointing. Considering various factors, conditions would be best measure wheat-corn areas.</p> </abstract>

Language: Английский

Coastal Wetlands of Indus River Delta Are Under Risk Due to Reclamation: A Spatiotemporal Analysis During the Past 50 Years From 1972 to 2022

Land Degradation and Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

ABSTRACT Coastal wetlands are the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems, benefiting both human populations total environment. However, they continuously threatened by anthropogenic activities. Indus River Delta is sixth largest in world, has been adversely affected due to reclamation. The study examined spatiotemporal dynamics of coastal reclamation from 1972 2022. Wetlands conversion was extracted 6‐Landsat images. A land cover transfer matrix used analyze use (LULC) changes different time intervals. Area‐weight centroid constructed determine migration trend wetlands. Spatial accurateness assessed using Producer's Accuracy (PA), User (UA) KAPPA coefficient (KC). results reveal that 2022, net area declined 1.9% (26.1 km 2 ), while (settlement cultivated land) increased 14.7% (200.1 27.5% (373.5 respectively. fastest areal change rate for −1.1 /year 2012 whereas settlement were 7.6 1992 2002 28.6 Centroids moved slowly eastwards Kharo Chan taluka Keti Bandar first third decades, then southwards second decade, later on, westwards fourth finally back fifth decade with movement. expanded all directions over five decades. migrated first, northwards Chan. findings this provide a scientific basis sustainable development future planning.

Language: Английский