Symmetry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 321 - 321
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Electric vehicles and hybrid electric (EV) are increasingly common on roads today compared to a decade ago, driven by advancements in technology growing focus sustainable transportation. These powered rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. A battery management system (BMS) is indispensable for ensuring the optimal performance, safety, longevity of EV’s In this review, latest algorithm trends BMS software discussed. This work also focuses several key functionalities like state charge (SOC) estimation, health (SOH) monitoring, energy (SOE), power (SOP). Advanced algorithms comprehensively reviewed, including those designed specific functionalities, as well developed based existing optimization, artificial intelligence, estimation algorithms. address critical challenges such maintaining symmetry during charging discharging, preventing thermal runaway, managing faults EV systems. provides valuable insights researchers practitioners field design development, particularly focusing advancement technologies.
Language: Английский