Integrative single-cell and multi-omics analyses reveal ferroptosis-associated gene expression and immune microenvironment heterogeneity in gastric cancer

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent malignancy worldwide, encompasses multitude of biological processes in its progression. Recently, ferroptosis, novel mode cell demise, has become focal point research. The microenvironment gastric is composed diverse populations, yet the specific gene expression profiles and their association with ferroptosis are not well understood. Our study employed single-cell RNA sequencing to thoroughly investigate transcriptomic identify differential cancer, offering fresh insights into cellular diversity underlying molecular mechanisms this disease. We discovered set significantly differentially expressed genes GC, which may serve as valuable leads for future functional investigations. Subsequent analyses, including intersection enrichment, pinpointed implicated conducted comprehensive Gene Ontology (GO) Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) analyses elucidate roles. In selection model validation section, critical were identified using machine learning algorithms, constructing high predictive accuracy. Besides, distorted immune landscapes further RBL ssGSEA analysis such that complex features interaction networks infiltration by various types cells can be more clearly Correlation different subtypes showed CTSB an important regulator distributions infiltrating cells. Single-cell was utilized map composition microenvironment, provide information elucidating heterogeneity tumor regulation GC. Moreover, distribution FTH1, ZFP36 CIRBP at levels show new research prospects these promoters microenvironment. summary, present augments our knowledge tumorigenesisa scientific basis identifing targets biomarkers therapeutic diagnosis.

Language: Английский

Unveiling the future of cancer stem cell therapy: a narrative exploration of emerging innovations

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 22, 2025

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), are a critical subpopulation within tumours, and defined by their capacity for self-renewal, differentiation, tumour initiation. These unique traits contribute to progression, metastasis, resistance conventional treatments like chemotherapy radiotherapy, often resulting in cancer recurrence poor patient outcomes. As such, CSCs have become focal points developing advanced therapies. This review highlights progress CSC-targeted treatments, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, immunotherapy, molecular targeting, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Plant-derived compounds gene-editing technologies, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), explored potential enhance precision minimize side effects. Metabolic pathways integral CSC survival, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy (regulated dynamin-related protein 1 [DRP1] the PINK1/Parkin pathway), one-carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism (involving enzymes glutaminase (GLS) glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH]), lipid hypoxia-induced metabolic reprogramming mediated hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α HIF-2α), examined therapeutic targets. The adaptability of through autophagy, flexibility, epigenetic regulation metabolites α-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate is discussed. Additionally, extracellular vesicles nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) identified pivotal redox balance, DNA repair, modifications. Addressing challenges heterogeneity, immune evasion, treatment durability requires interdisciplinary collaboration. Advancing therapies essential overcoming preventing relapse, paving way transformative treatments. underscores importance leveraging innovative technologies fostering collaboration revolutionize treatment.

Language: Английский

HSPB1/KDM1 A facilitates ANXA2 expression via hypomethylated DNA promoter to inhibit ferroptosis and enhance gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2025

Language: Английский