The efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy treatment for advanced esophageal cancer: a network meta-analysis

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

This study systematically evaluated the efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer (EC). PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify related randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Seven RCTs involving 4,363 participants included. The results direct comparison showed that, compared alone, PD-1 significantly improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.63-0.74), progression-free (PFS) 0.63, 0.58-0.67), objective response rate (ORR) (RR 1.41, 1.28-1.57), but associated a slight increase in treatment-related adverse events (AEs) 1.08, 1.03-1.14). network meta-analysis that toripalimab, sintilimab or camrelizumab, nivolumab best OS, PFS, ORR, respectively, camrelizumab showing lowest incidence AEs. These suggest provide superior clinical benefits over albeit moderate However, further verification through multi-center, high-quality larger sample sizes is needed confirm these findings.

Language: Английский

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Juniperus indica Bertol Extract Combined with 5-Fluorouracil Synergistically Suppresses the Growth of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

Natural Product Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Background: Esophageal cancer is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive tract with high incidence rate in Asia. squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) most common histological type, accounting for more than 90% cases. JIB plant extract Juniperus indica Bertol that has been shown to have anti-proliferation effects nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, and melanoma. Objectives: The aim this study was investigate anti-cancer underlying mechanisms action combination 5-FU ESCC cells. Methods: on cytotoxicity, cycle arrest, apoptosis drug resistance development were explored using CE81T/VGH human Results: results showed synergized inhibitory proliferation via downregulating AKT/mTOR pathway cells harboring TP53 exon 8 R273C mutation. treatment induced arrest at G0/G1 S phases mediating levels CDK4/cyclin D1 CDK2/cyclin A. Furthermore, combined effective inducing by activation extrinsic (Fas/caspase-8) intrinsic (Bax/caspase-9) pathways use single drug. Additionally, attenuated long-term culture exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity bile acid environments. Conclusion: synergistically inhibited growth triggered apoptosis. These findings suggest may be potential strategy esophageal cancer.

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapy in the Management of Penile Cancer—A Systematic Review

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 883 - 883

Published: March 4, 2025

Penile cancer, though a rare malignancy, presents significant challenge in the domain of male genitourinary oncology, particularly due to its limited treatment options and profound physical psychological impact on patients [...].

Language: Английский

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101 Machine Learning Algorithms for Mining Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Neoantigen Prognostic Models in Single-Cell Data

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3373 - 3373

Published: April 4, 2025

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors in digestive tract, characterized by a high recurrence rate and inadequate immunotherapy options. We analyzed mutation data ESCC from public databases employed 10 machine learning algorithms to generate 101 algorithm combinations. Based on optimal range determined concordance index, we randomly selected combination best-performing construct prognostic model consisting five genes (DLX5, MAGEA4, PMEPA1, RCN1, TIMP1). By validating correlation between antigen-presenting cells (APCs), revealed antigen-presentation efficacy model. Through analysis immune infiltration ESCC, uncovered mechanisms evasion associated with disease. In addition, examined potential impact progression. these insights, identified anti-tumor small-molecule compounds targeting genes. This study primarily simulates tumor microenvironment (TME) antigen presentation processes patients, predicting role neoantigen-based patients their responses immunotherapy. These results suggest approach for identifying therapeutic targets which may contribute development more effective treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Palliative external beam radiotherapy for dysphagia management in advanced esophageal cancer: a narrative perspective

ONCOLOGIE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapy-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by anti-PD-1 therapy in esophageal cancer: A case report and literature review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(15), P. e42174 - e42174

Published: April 11, 2025

Rationale: Numerous immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in metastatic advanced esophageal cancer. While immunotherapy brings therapeutic benefits, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) should nevertheless not be overlooked. This paper reports on the first documented case of Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) caused by anti-programmed cell death protein-1 therapy squamous Patient concerns: An 84-year-old female patient with cancer developed chest tightness, generalized weakness, and a yellowing skin after 2 cycles sintilimab treatment. Diagnoses: Initial examination revealed severe elevated levels bilirubin, reticulocytes, lactate dehydrogenase, decreased haptoglobin, positive direct antihuman globulin test. The was diagnosed immunotherapy-associated AIHA. Interventions: promptly treated corticosteroids human immunoglobulin, supportive transfusion washed erythrocytes. Outcomes: Her AIHA controlled Subsequent continued, there no recurrence Lessons: We identified rare serious reaction anti-PD-1 therapy. summarize presentations, diagnosis, treatment this immunotherapy-related discuss pathogenesis advances AIHA, as well sintilimab-induced irAEs, detail. These findings underscore importance early detection, these potentially fatal irAEs.

Language: Английский

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Application of deep learning models in the pathological classification and staging of esophageal cancer: A focus on Wave-Vision Transformer

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(19)

Published: May 20, 2025

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Early prognosis of esophageal abnormalities can improve patient survival rates. The progression follows sequence from esophagitis to non-dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus, dysplastic and eventually adenocarcinoma (EAC). This study explored application deep learning technology in precise diagnosis pathological classification staging EAC enhance diagnostic accuracy efficiency. AIM To explore models, particularly Wave-Vision Transformer (Wave-ViT), METHODS We applied several including multi-layer perceptron, residual network, transformer, Wave-ViT, dataset clinically validated pathology images. models were trained identify features assist different stages cancer. compared based on accuracy, computational complexity, RESULTS Wave-ViT model demonstrated highest at 88.97%, surpassing transformer (87.65%), network (85.44%), perceptron (81.17%). Additionally, exhibited low complexity significantly reduced parameter size, making it highly efficient for real-time clinical applications. CONCLUSION Deep technology, Frequency-Domain model, shows promise improving precision EAC. enhances automation process may support early detection treatment Future research further potential this broader medical image analysis applications, field medicine.

Language: Английский

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Advancements and challenges in the treatment of esophageal cancer: A comprehensive review

World Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 1463 - 1467

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, ranking seventh in incidence and sixth cancer-related deaths globally. EC classified two main types, the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) adenocarcinoma (EAC), ESCC being more common Eastern Europe, South Asia, Africa, while EAC prevalent Western Europe North America. Molecular analysis identifies three subgroups of ESCC, each distinct genetic mutations treatment responses. Early-stage often difficult to detect, leading late-stage diagnoses that necessitate systemic drug therapies, including molecular-targeted therapies immunotherapies. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor, has shown promising results improving survival rates for metastatic or persistent EC. It important target multidisciplinary combination integrating surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy immunotherapy. Additionally, radioimmunotherapy explored its potential enhance efficacy, especially advanced tumors. However, pathological complete response rate neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains suboptimal, highlighting need novel strategies. Future research should focus on optimizing combinations identifying predictive biomarkers improve clinical outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy for pathological stage II–IVa esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery does not improve disease-free recurrence rates

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Postoperative adjuvant therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) primarily includes chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. The survival benefits of postoperative R0-resected ESCC remain controversial. Immunotherapy is being gradually applied perioperatively cancer, but the efficacy immunotherapy in unclear. This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness cancer. Toward this goal, we explored differences between combined with alone.

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapy for Advanced/Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Journal of Digestive Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 72 - 81

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

식도암은 전 세계적으로 흔히 발생하는 암이자 사망 원 인들 중 하나이다[1].식도암은 조직학적으로 주로 선암과 편평상피세포암으로 이루어져 있다.전 85% 이상이 편평상피세포암이며, 우리나라에서 식 도암의 90% 이상은 편평상피세포암이다

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