Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 9, 2025

In the last decades, research on animal consciousness has advanced significantly, fueled by interdisciplinary contributions. However, a critical dimension of experience remains underexplored: self. While traditionally linked to human studies, focused self in animals often been framed dichotomously, distinguishing low-level, bodily, and affective aspects from high-level, cognitive, conceptual dimensions. Emerging evidence suggests broader spectrum self-related features across species, yet current theoretical approaches reduce derivative aspect or prioritize narrow high-level dimensions, such as self-recognition metacognition. To address this gap, we propose an integrated framework grounded Pattern Theory Self (PTS). PTS conceptualizes dynamic, multidimensional construct arising matrix ranging bodily intersubjective normative aspects. We adopting perspective for study animals, emphasizing graded nature within each non-hierarchical organization sense, may accommodate both inter- intra-species variability, enabling researchers investigate diverse organisms without relying anthropocentric biases. that, integrating with insights comparative psychology, neuroscience, ethology, application can show how emerges varying degrees forms, shaped ecological niches adaptive demands.

Language: Английский