Nomogram for Predicting Survival Post-Immune Therapy in Cholangiocarcinoma Based on Inflammatory Biomarkers

Cancer Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background Immune therapy, especially involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, has shown promise as a therapeutic option for cholangiocarcinoma. However, limited studies have evaluated survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma patients treated with immune therapy. This study aims to develop predictive model evaluate the benefits of therapy Methods retrospective analysis included 120 from Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted identify factors associated following A was constructed validated using calibration curves (CC), decision curve (DCA), concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results identified several potential predictors post-immune cholangiocarcinoma: treatment cycle (<6 vs ≥ 6 months, 95% CI: 0.119-0.586, P = 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR <3.08 3.08, 1.864-9.624, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA <4.13 4.13, 1.175-5.321, 0.017), presence bone metastasis (95% 1.306-6.848, 0.010). The nomogram achieved good accuracy C-index 0.811. CC indicated strong between predicted observed outcomes. Multi-timepoint ROC at 1, 2, 3 years model’s performance (1-year AUC: 0.906, 2-year 0.832, 3-year 0.822). multi-timepoint DCA also demonstrated higher net benefit compared extreme Conclusion model, incorporating key risk demonstrates robust outcomes, offering improved clinical decision-making.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Immunotherapy Response Prediction in Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma: Leveraging Shallow and Deep Learning with CT-Based Radiomics across Single and Multiple Tumor Sites

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 2491 - 2491

Published: July 8, 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of pre-treatment CT-based radiomics features (RFs) derived from single and multiple tumor sites, state-of-the-art machine-learning survival algorithms, in predicting progression-free (PFS) for patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (MLUAD) receiving first-line treatment including immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). To do so, all adults newly diagnosed MLUAD, contrast-enhanced CT scan, performance status ≤ 2 who were treated at our cancer center CPI between November 2016 2022 included. RFs extracted measurable lesions a volume ≥ 1 cm3 on scan. capture intra- inter-tumor heterogeneity, largest each patient, as well lowest, highest, average RF values over per patient collected. Intra-patient heterogeneity metrics calculated measure similarity lesions. After filtering predictors univariable Cox p < 0.100 analyzing their correlations, five algorithms (stepwise regression [SCR], LASSO regression, random forests, gradient boosted machine [GBM], deep learning [Deepsurv]) trained 100-times repeated 5-fold cross-validation (rCV) predict PFS three inputs: (i) clinicopathological variables, (ii) radiomics-based (full input), (iii) uncorrelated variables (uncorrelated input). The Models’ performances evaluated using concordance index (c-index). Overall, 140 included (median age: 62.5 years, 36.4% women). In rCV, highest c-index was reached Deepsurv (c-index = 0.631, 95%CI 0.625–0.647), followed by GBM 0.603, 0.557–0.646), significantly outperforming standard SCR whatever its input range: 0.560–0.570, 0.0001). Thus, single- multi-site data provide valuable prognostic information MLUAD undergoing when analyzed advanced algorithms.

Language: Английский

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Baicalin attenuates PD-1/PD-L1 axis-induced immunosuppression in piglets challenged with Glaesserella parasuis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS/MEK/ERK signalling pathways

Veterinary Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Infection of piglets with Glaesserella parasuis ( G. ) induces host immunosuppression. However, the mechanism underlying immunosuppression remains unclear. Activation PD-1/PD-L1 axis has been shown to trigger Baicalin possesses anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions. whether baicalin inhibits activation thus alleviates not investigated. In this study, effect on attenuation piglet induced by was evaluated. Seventy were randomly divided into control group, infection levamisole BMS-1 25 mg/kg 50 group 100 group. Following pretreatment levamisole, or baicalin, challenged 1 × 10 8 CFU . Our results showed that modified routine blood indicators biochemical parameters; downregulated IL-1β, IL-10, IL-18, TNF-α IFN-γ mRNA expression; upregulated IL-2 IL-8 expression in blood. Baicalin, increased proportions CD3 + T cells, CD4 CD8 cells – CD21 B splenocyte population, blood, inhibited TIM-3 activation. reduced p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR expression, p-MEK1/2/MEK1/2 p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 ratios RAS expression. provided substantial protection against challenge relieved tissue histopathological damage. findings might provide new strategies for controlling other immunosuppressive diseases.

Language: Английский

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Immune microenvironment of cancer bone metastasis

Bone, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 117328 - 117328

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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