Medicina,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(9), P. 1558 - 1558
Published: Sept. 23, 2024
Background
and
Objectives:
This
is
the
first
study
to
examine
role
of
monocyte
distribution
width
(MDW)
in
predicting
sepsis
after
cardiovascular
surgery.
Methods:
included
43
consecutive
patients
who
had
undergone
surgery
between
July
2021
2022.
All
were
examined
at
following
three
time
points
(TPs):
preoperative
period
(TP1),
postoperative
24
h
(TP2),
discharge
(TP3).
SOFA
score,
leukocyte
count,
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
ratio
(NLR),
MDW,
C-reactive
protein
(CRP),
procalcitonin
(PCT)
levels
tested
each
TPs.
The
Sepsis-3
criteria
used
diagnose
with
sepsis.
Results:
mean
values
all
variables
(leukocyte
NLR,
CRP,
PCT
levels)
significantly
higher
TP2
TP3
than
TP1
(p
<
0.05).
these
Patients
for
those
without
There
was
a
significant
correlation
MDW
inflammatory
markers
(CRP,
PCT,
NLR)
during
periods
According
ROC
analysis,
optimal
cutoff
value
highest
sensitivity
specificity
20.5.
Conclusions:
Our
findings
indicate
that
elevated
may
be
valuable
predictor
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(16), P. 9010 - 9010
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
Sepsis
is
now
defined
as
a
life-threatening
syndrome
of
organ
dysfunction
triggered
by
dysregulated
host
response
to
infection,
posing
significant
challenges
in
critical
care.
The
main
objective
this
review
evaluate
the
potential
emerging
biomarkers
for
early
diagnosis
and
accurate
prognosis
sepsis
management,
which
are
pivotal
enhancing
patient
outcomes.
Despite
advances
supportive
care,
traditional
like
C-reactive
protein
procalcitonin
have
limitations,
recent
studies
identified
novel
with
increased
sensitivity
specificity,
including
circular
RNAs,
HOXA
distal
transcript
antisense
RNA,
microRNA-486-5p,
C,
triiodothyronine,
prokineticin
2.
These
hold
promising
detection
prognostication
sepsis.
They
play
crucial
role
not
only
but
also
guiding
antibiotic
therapy
evaluating
treatment
effectiveness.
introduction
point-of-care
testing
technologies
has
brought
about
paradigm
shift
biomarker
application,
enabling
swift
real-time
evaluation.
these
advancements,
persist,
notably
concerning
variability
lack
standardized
thresholds.
This
summarizes
latest
advancements
research,
spotlighting
progress
clinical
implications.
It
emphasizes
significance
multi-biomarker
strategies
feasibility
personalized
medicine
management.
Further
verification
on
large
scale
their
integration
into
practice
advocated
maximize
efficacy
future
treatment.
Frontiers in Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Sepsis
is
an
abnormal,
life-threatening
response
to
infection
that
leads
(multi-)organ
dysfunction
and
failure.
It
causes
~20%
of
deaths
worldwide
each
year,
most
related
severe
COVID-19
share
various
molecular
features
with
sepsis.
Current
treatment
approaches
(antimicrobials
supportive
care)
do
not
address
the
complexity
sepsis
or
its
mechanistic
heterogeneity
between
within
patients
over
time.
Systems
immunology
methods,
including
multiomics
(notably
RNA
sequencing
transcriptomics),
machine
learning,
network
biology
analysis,
have
potential
transform
management
paradigm
toward
precision
approaches.
Immune
dysfunctions
evident
very
early
in
drive
development
novel
diagnostic
gene
expression
signatures
(e.g.,
cellular
reprogramming)
could
inform
therapy.
can
now
be
categorized
into
“endotypes”
based
on
unique
immune
mechanisms
corresponding
varying
severity
mortality
rates,
raising
prospect
endotype-specific
diagnostics
patient-specific
immune-directed
Longitudinal
within-patient
analyses
also
reveal
(including
epigenetics)
differential
trajectories
time,
enabling
disease
stage-specific
therapy
during
after
hospitalization,
for
post-sepsis
long
COVID
syndromes.
Achieving
this
transformation
will
require
addressing
barriers
systems
research,
cost
resource-intensiveness,
relatively
low
volume
available
data,
lack
suitable
animal
models;
it
a
change
mindset
healthcare
providers
This
should
prioritized
multistakeholder
collaborations
involving
research
communities,
providers/systems,
patients,
governments
reduce
current
high
burden
from
mitigate
against
future
pandemics.
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
110(2), P. 346 - 360
Published: Feb. 10, 2021
Treatment
failure
of
antibiotic
therapy
due
to
insufficient
efficacy
or
occurrence
toxicity
is
a
major
clinical
challenge,
and
expected
become
even
more
urgent
with
the
global
rise
resistance.
Strategies
optimize
treatment
in
individual
patients
are
therefore
crucial
importance.
Currently,
therapeutic
drug
monitoring
plays
an
important
role
optimizing
exposure
reduce
toxicity.
Biomarker-based
strategies
may
be
powerful
tool
further
quantify
monitor
response,
variation
response
between
patients.
Host
biomarkers,
such
as
CRP,
procalcitonin,
IL-6,
presepsin,
could
potentially
carry
significant
information
utilized
for
individualization.
To
achieve
this,
complex
interactions
among
immune
system,
pathogen,
drug,
biomarker
need
better
understood
characterized.
The
purpose
this
tutorial
discuss
use
evidence
currently
available
biomarker-based
approaches
inform
treatment.
end,
we
also
included
discussion
on
how
data
from
preclinical,
healthy
volunteer,
patient-based
studies
can
characterized
using
pharmacometric
system
pharmacology
based
modeling
approaches.
As
illustrative
example
used,
describe
case
study
which
quantitatively
characterize
procalcitonin
dynamics
relation
treatments
sepsis.
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
79(6), P. 424 - 436
Published: Oct. 15, 2021
Abstract
Purpose
This
is
the
second
article
in
a
2-part
series
discussing
pathophysiology
of
sepsis.
Part
1
reviewed
immunologic
response
and
overlapping
pathways
inflammation
coagulation
that
contribute
to
widespread
organ
dysfunction.
In
this
(part
2),
major
systems
their
dysfunction
sepsis
are
reviewed,
with
discussion
scoring
used
identify
patterns
abnormal
vital
signs
laboratory
values
associated
Summary
Sepsis
dysregulated
host
infection
produces
significant
morbidity,
patients
shock
due
have
circulatory
cellular
metabolic
abnormalities
lead
higher
mortality.
Cardiovascular
vasodilation,
reduced
cardiac
output
hypotension/shock
requiring
fluids,
vasopressors,
advanced
hemodynamic
monitoring.
Respiratory
may
require
mechanical
ventilation
attention
volume
status.
Renal
frequent
manifestation
Hematologic
low
platelets
either
elevation
or
reduction
leukocytes,
so
consideration
neutrophil:lymphocyte
ratio
be
useful.
Procoagulant
antifibrinolytic
activity
leads
stimulated
by
inflammation.
Hepatic
manifest
as
elevated
bilirubin
often
late
finding
cause
reductions
production
essential
proteins.
Neurologic
result
from
local
endothelial
injury
systemic
through
vagus
nerve.
Conclusion
Timely
recognition
team
efficient
use
therapies
can
improve
patient
outcome,
pharmacists
complete
understanding
pathophysiologic
mechanisms
treatments
valuable
members
team.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(11), P. 9578 - 9578
Published: May 31, 2023
In
the
development
of
therapeutic
strategies
for
human
diseases,
preclinical
experimental
models
have
a
key
role.
However,
immunomodulatory
therapies
developed
using
rodent
sepsis
were
not
successful
in
clinical
trials.
Sepsis
is
characterized
by
dysregulated
inflammation
and
redox
imbalance
triggered
infection.
Human
simulated
methods
that
trigger
or
infection
host
animals,
most
often
mice
rats.
It
remains
unknown
whether
characteristics
species,
used
to
induce
sepsis,
molecular
processes
focused
upon
need
be
revisited
treatment
will
succeed
Our
goal
this
review
provide
survey
existing
including
use
humanized
dirty
mice,
show
how
these
reflect
course
sepsis.
We
discuss
strengths
limitations
present
recent
advances
subject
area.
maintain
continue
an
irreplaceable
role
studies
toward
discovering
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 11, 2024
This
comprehensive
review
navigates
the
intricate
landscape
of
sepsis
scoring
systems,
aiming
to
provide
healthcare
professionals
and
researchers
with
a
nuanced
understanding
their
role
in
contemporary
management.
Beginning
succinct
overview
sepsis,
emphasizes
significance
systems
standardizing
assessments
guiding
clinical
decision-making.
Through
detailed
analysis
prominent
such
as
SOFA,
APACHE,
qSOFA,
delineates
unique
attributes,
strengths,
limitations.
The
implications
for
management
patient
outcomes
are
discussed,
highlighting
potential
these
tools
enhance
early
detection
intervention.
concludes
compelling
call
action,
urging
integrate
into
routine
practice
explore
novel
approaches.
By
synthesizing
current
knowledge
addressing
future
directions,
this
serves
valuable
resource
those
seeking
clarity
guidance
dynamic
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Accurate
detection
and
quantification
of
biomarkers
at
ultra-low
levels
is
critical
for
disease
diagnosis
effective
treatment.
Traditional
technologies
often
lack
the
sensitivity,
specificity,
throughput,
or
multiplexing
capacity
required
comprehensive
diagnostics,
providing
only
a
subset
these
requirements.
Here,
we
introduce
AVAC,
an
automated
optical
technology
rapid
accurate
biomarker
with
ultra-high
sensitivity
that
significantly
outperforms
standard
clinical
assays.
The
core
this
digital
counting
plasmonic
nanoparticles
used
as
labels,
enabling
multiplexed,
high-throughput
biomarkers.
Validation
studies
demonstrate
AVAC's
high
accuracy,
98.2%
specificity
limits
low
26
fg/mL
HIV
p24
protein
range
160
to
850
pg/mL
interleukin-6
(IL-6).
supports
multiplexed
assays
without
compromising
demonstrated
by
simultaneous
three
key
associated
cardiovascular
disease.
A
spanning
more
than
four
orders
magnitude
ensures
robust
from
concentrations,
its
ability
analyze
up
1,000
samples
per
hour
provides
throughput
suitable
large
laboratories.
With
unique
combination
capabilities,
versatile
platform
has
significant
potential
advance
biomarker-based
diagnostics
in
research
settings.
Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6(2), P. 100073 - 100073
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
To
aggregate
literature
on
the
diagnostic
performance
of
monocyte
distribution
width
(MDW)
for
sepsis
detection
among
adults
in
emergency
department
and
inpatient
settings.
We
searched
MEDLINE,
EMBASE,
SCOPUS,
Cochrane
databases
studies
evaluating
MDW
diagnosis
hospital
setting
through
October
19,
2024.
Two
authors
(G.E.
Q.H.)
independently
performed
eligibility
assessment,
data
extraction,
risk
bias
assessment.
evaluated
sepsis-2
sepsis-3
separately
applied
separate
thresholds
depending
anticoagulant
used
blood
collection.
Data
were
pooled
using
a
random-effects
model.
multiple
sensitivity
analyses
to
evaluate
stability
our
findings.
Twenty-five
observational
comprising
39,041
patients
included.
The
area
under
summary
receiver
operating
curve
(AUC)
was
0.82
(95%
CI,
0.78-0.85)
both
sepsis-3.
Sensitivity
specificity
0.79
0.74-0.83)
0.7
0.61-0.78)
0.83
0.78-0.88)
0.64
0.55-0.71)
threshold-independent
weighted-average
AUC
0.76
(SD,
0.1)
0.77
0.07)
negative
predictive
value
94%
96%
observed
similar
across
all
analyses.
assessed
overall
quality
evidence
be
low.
performs
similarly
other
biomarkers
such
as
procalcitonin
sepsis,
with
unique
advantage
rapid
availability
part
routine
testing.