COVID-19 Lung Injury: Unique and Familiar Aspects of Pathophysiology DOI Creative Commons
Stefan Hall, Geraint Berger, Christine Lehmann

et al.

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 11048 - 11048

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI), diagnosed clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), refers to a spectrum of inflammatory processes culminating in increased permeability the pulmonary alveolar–capillary barrier and impaired gas exchange. The pandemic caused by novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has raised questions similarities differences between COVID-19 ALI other etiologies. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding pathophysiology draws comparisons latter infectious etiologies ALI. Indeed, severe is characterized unique array disease mechanisms including suppression interferon responses, widespread inflammasome activation, altered leukocyte phenotypes, hyperactive thrombotic activity. Moreover, these manifest clinical progression, which further differentiates from viral pathogens such SARS, MERS, influenza. These features bear important implications for future therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Interferon-mediated NK cell activation is associated with limited neutralization breadth during SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI Open Access
Izumi de los Rios Kobara,

Radeesha Jayewickreme,

Madeline Lee

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Abstract Best known for their ability to kill infected or malignant cells, natural killer (NK) cells are also underappreciated regulators of the antibody response viral infection. In mice, NK can T follicular helper (Tfh) decreasing somatic hypermutation and vaccine responses. Although human cell activation correlates with poor response, mechanisms regulation adaptive immunity poorly understood. We found that in ancestral SARS-CoV-2 infection, broad neutralizers, who were capable neutralizing Alpha, Beta, Delta, had fewer expressed inhibitory immaturity markers whereas from narrow neutralizers highly activated interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISG-mediated healthy donors increased cytotoxicity functional responses induced Tfh-like cells. This work reveals dysregulated inflammation may play a role opens exciting avenues designing improved vaccines adjuvants target emerging pathogens.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
COVID-19 Lung Injury: Unique and Familiar Aspects of Pathophysiology DOI Creative Commons
Stefan Hall, Geraint Berger, Christine Lehmann

et al.

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 11048 - 11048

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI), diagnosed clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), refers to a spectrum of inflammatory processes culminating in increased permeability the pulmonary alveolar–capillary barrier and impaired gas exchange. The pandemic caused by novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has raised questions similarities differences between COVID-19 ALI other etiologies. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding pathophysiology draws comparisons latter infectious etiologies ALI. Indeed, severe is characterized unique array disease mechanisms including suppression interferon responses, widespread inflammasome activation, altered leukocyte phenotypes, hyperactive thrombotic activity. Moreover, these manifest clinical progression, which further differentiates from viral pathogens such SARS, MERS, influenza. These features bear important implications for future therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0