Effectiveness of early intervention and combination treatment with monoclonal antibodies and antivirals in oncohematological patients with SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective experience

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 28, 2025

Patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 and pre-existing oncohematological conditions challenge clinicians due to a heightened risk for severe COVID-19 forced deferral of cancer treatment. Different treatment approaches aim either prevent the progression mild disease ("early therapy") or treat more COVID-19. Currently, there is limited evidence supporting effectiveness tailored approach patients. We present real-world experience from two university hospitals. In this retrospective study we recruited patients hospitalized pneumonia between March 2020 June 2023 hospitals in Latium, Italy. received antiviral monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) alone, dual therapy (antiviral MoAb) triple (two different antivirals MoAb). The aimed evaluate practical management focused on impact related specific therapies, early treatment, tixagevimab-cilgavimab prophylaxis in-hospital mortality viral clearance time. Overall, 101 were recruited, 76 (75.24%) developed pneumonia, 16 (15.84%) died any cause. While most (75,25%) did not receive "early therapy", those who had higher chance survival (p=0.04). Furthermore, subgroup treated demonstrated rate as well (p=0.02). Out resulted lower (all survive group). This group also showed significant reduction time first day evaluated (6 days [IQR 4;9]), compared only remdesivir (17 8;37]) (p=0.03). Our findings demonstrate that significantly reduces mortality, while accelerates These results, line recent studies, underscore critical importance prompt multitargeted pharmacological optimizing outcomes SARS-CoV-2. Future research, involving larger cohorts, should delve deeper into strategies vulnerable population, particular emphasis elderly, continue high rates.

Language: Английский

Comparative Effectiveness of Antiviral Agents and Monoclonal Antibodies for Early SARS-CoV-2 Therapy in Immunocompromised Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study (March 2021–March 2022)

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1076 - 1076

Published: May 6, 2025

Background: Immunocompromised (IC) patients continue to be at risk of severe COVID-19 despite vaccination and anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapies. The comparative effectiveness antiviral agents (AVAs) monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) as early treatment SARS-CoV-2 in IC is described this work. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included outpatients diagnosed with between March 2021 2022 the National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” Santa Maria Goretti University Hospital, Italy. Patients received either AVAs or MoAbs based on national guidelines. primary outcome was time negative nasopharyngeal swab (NPS). secondary outcomes were COVID-19-related hospitalization death by day 30. Results: Among 1472 (with a median age 58 years, 45% male), 688 (46%) treated MoAbs, 783 (54%) AVAs. had higher duration NPS (17 vs. 11 days, p < 0.05) sustained positivity 7 (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.72–5.23, 0.01) 30 6.0, 3.7–10.5, than those There no differences mortality. Conclusions: associated more rapid viral clearance suggesting potential advantage reducing infectious patients. Additional studies are necessary further optimize high-risk population.

Language: Английский