Multi-omics in exploring the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy DOI Creative Commons
Xinlu Li, Xifeng Dong, Wen Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading global cause of vision impairment, with its prevalence increasing alongside the rising rates diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite retina's complex structure, underlying pathology DR remains incompletely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and recent advancements in multi-omics analyses have revolutionized molecular profiling, enabling high-throughput analysis comprehensive characterization biological systems. This review highlights significant contributions scRNA-seq, conjunction other technologies, to research. Integrated scRNA-seq transcriptomic revealed novel insights into pathogenesis, including alternative transcription start site events, fluctuations cell populations, altered gene expression profiles, critical signaling pathways within retinal cells. Furthermore, by integrating genetic association studies analyses, researchers identified biomarkers, susceptibility genes, potential therapeutic targets for DR, emphasizing importance specific types disease progression. The integration metabolomics has also been instrumental identifying metabolites dysregulated associated DR. It highly conceivable that continued synergy between approaches will accelerate discovery mechanisms development interventions

Language: Английский

Risk of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a real-world data study from a global federated database DOI Creative Commons
Aikaterini Eleftheriadou, David R. Riley, Sizheng Steven Zhao

et al.

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(7), P. 1271 - 1282

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Aims/hypothesis A protective role of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-ra) in the development diabetic retinopathy macular oedema has been described some recent studies, which may extend beyond glycaemic control. We aimed to review clinical impact SGLT2i GLP1-ra therapy on risk individuals with type diabetes taking insulin. Methods This is a retrospective cohort analysis approximately two million people receiving insulin across 97 healthcare organisations using global federated health research network (TriNetX, Cambridge, USA). Two intervention cohorts (SGLT2i + insulin, n =176,409; =207,034) were compared against control (insulin no SGLT2i/GLP1-ra, =1,922,312). Kaplan–Meier survival was performed estimated HRs reported for each outcome. Propensity score used 1:1 match age, sex, ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, microvascular complications, chronic kidney HbA 1c , BMI use pioglitazone, lipid modifying agents, antilipemic ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II metformin. sub-analysis comparing also performed. Results associated reduced HR (95% CI) (0.835; 0.780, 0.893), while demonstrated lack signal statistical significance (1.013; 0.960, 1.069). not clinically significant increase developing (1.076; 1.027, 1.127), increased (1.308; 1.261, 1.357). Compared higher (1.205; 1.153, 1.259) (1.130; 1.056, 1.208). Conclusions/interpretation Our study suggests that combination lower oedema. However, an comparative showed favourable outcomes retinopathy. RCTs dedicated retinal imaging are required determine causal relationship these therapies. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Impact of GLP-1 Agonists and SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Diabetic Retinopathy Progression: An Aggregated Electronic Health Record Data Study DOI
Karen M. Wai,

Kapil Mishra,

Euna Koo

et al.

American Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 265, P. 39 - 47

Published: April 17, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

17
An update on ocular effects of anti-diabetic medications DOI Creative Commons
Elham Sadeghi, Elham Rahmanipour, Nicola Valsecchi

et al.

Survey of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes DOI Creative Commons
Fu‐Shun Yen, James Cheng‐Chung Wei, Teng‐Shun Yu

et al.

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(12), P. e2348431 - e2348431

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Importance Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy share many similarities in pathophysiological processes. Preclinical studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) a protective role the risk of retinopathy. Objective To compare sight-threatening associated with SGLT2is other second-line glucose-lowering medications (including pioglitazone, sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 [DPP-4is]) patients type diabetes (T2D). Design, Setting, Participants This cohort study Taiwan applied new-user active-comparator design. Patient demographic clinical data were obtained from National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult newly diagnosed T2D January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2019, recruited followed up until 2020. Propensity score matching was used identify pairs treated SGLT2i vs DPP-4i, sulfonylurea 2016, 2019. Data analyzed between August 18, 2022, May 5, 2023. Exposures Treatment SGLT2i, sulfonylureas starting on 2016. Main Outcomes Measures The main outcome participants. Cox proportional hazards regression models assess relative matched case control groups. Results A total 3 544 383 identified. After 1:1 propensity matching, 65 930 93 760 42 121 These included 236 574 males (58.6%), mean (SD) age 56.9 (11.8) years. In cohorts, had significantly lower than DPP-4i (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.57; 95% CI, 0.51-0.63), pioglitazone (AHR, 0.75; 0.69-0.81), 0.62; 0.53-0.71). Kaplan-Meier curves showed cumulative incidence (3.52 6.13; P < .001), (4.32 5.76; (2.94 4.67; .001). Conclusions Relevance found compared sulfonylureas. finding suggests may play not only reduced but also slow progression T2D.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Comparative Effectiveness of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors, and Sulfonylureas for Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy DOI
Andrew J. Barkmeier, Jeph Herrin,

Kavya Swarna

et al.

Ophthalmology Retina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 943 - 952

Published: May 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the eye DOI
David Zhang, Avni P. Finn

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Purpose of review Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have gained popularity as an antidiabetic and weight loss agent with protective cardiovascular outcomes, but attention to the potential ocular side effects has grown. This aims consolidate existing evidence on GLP-1RA conditions such diabetic retinopathy (DR), nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), dry eye disease (DED). Recent findings The effect DR is controversial likely linked rapid correction hemoglobin A1c levels. may be associated increased risk NAION, although mechanism remains elusive. Protective been shown against AMD, DED possibly due its anti-inflammatory properties, these medications decrease pressure in IIH. Summary As usage increases, further dedicated safety trials are key determining eye-related complications. Given limited prospective available proven systemic benefits medication, well certain diseases, use should generally not discouraged most patients. Regular ophthalmologic follow up important patients considered at higher adverse events.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Linear and Non-linear Association of Chronic Kidney Disease with Retina and Choroid Vessel Density in Diabetes: A Prospective Study DOI Creative Commons

Li-Jian Fang,

Ruiheng Zhang,

Suoqing Zhuang

et al.

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104625 - 104625

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Risk of rotator cuff tear and rotator cuff repair surgery comparison between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A real-world study DOI
Yu‐Chi Su,

Pei-Chun Hsieh,

Edward Chia‐Cheng Lai

et al.

Diabetes & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 101522 - 101522

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Optimising renal risk parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Perspectives from a retinal viewpoint DOI Creative Commons
Sarita Jacob, George Varughese

Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 100031 - 100031

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy share pathophysiological mechanisms there is a defined correlation between the severity of both these microvascular complications from suboptimal glycaemic control. The reno-protective properties offered by sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists should be applicable to diabetic as well. However, in patients with pre-existing retinopathy, sudden improvement control well documented cause early worsening changes retina that usually transient. This paradoxical phenomenon tends occur longer duration diabetes, higher HbA1c at outset, rapid glucose levels magnitude reduction addition more agents tighten metabolic Interestingly, this progression not quite observed newer inhibitors. article discusses potential further areas future research where renal protection can translated retina.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Impact of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists on diabetic retinopathy: A meta‐analysis of clinical studies emphasising retinal changes as a primary outcome DOI
Ishani Kapoor, Swara M. Sarvepalli, David A. D’Alessio

et al.

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Abstract Background To determine if glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RA) are associated with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase from inception to February 2024 identify clinical studies reporting changes in DR as primary outcome patients type 2 diabetes taking GLP‐1RA, insulin, or oral antidiabetic medication (OAD). Two researchers independently completed referred a third necessary. Data for meta‐analysis pooled using random‐effects model. Results Analysis seven representing 242 537 showed significantly decreased risk incidence between GLP‐1RA insulin use (RR = 0.66, 95% CI (0.48, 0.91), p 0.01). There no difference complications (e.g., vitreous haemorrhage, retinal detachment, requiring treatment intravitreal injections, lasers, vitrectomy). Between OAD use, there DR, while increased 1.39, (1.07, 1.80), Conclusion Our findings indicate elevated linked compared insulin. In fact, may offer potential advantages over regarding overall DR. The group be due transient rapid decrease HbA1c – phenomenon not specific warrants further investigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

3