White-to-Beige and Back: Adipocyte Conversion and Transcriptional Reprogramming DOI Creative Commons
Stanislav S. Boychenko, Vera S. Egorova, Andrew Brovin

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 790 - 790

Published: June 16, 2024

Obesity has become a pandemic, as currently more than half billion people worldwide are obese. The etiology of obesity is multifactorial, and combines contribution hereditary behavioral factors, such nutritional inadequacy, along with the influences environment reduced physical activity. Two types adipose tissue widely known white brown. While functions predominantly key energy storage, brown greater mass mitochondria expresses uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene, which allows thermogenesis rapid catabolism. Even though adipocytes different origin, activation adipocyte differentiation program in cells forces them to transdifferentiate into “beige” adipocytes, characterized by intensive lipolysis. Nowadays, researchers field small molecule medicinal chemistry gene therapy making efforts develop new drugs that effectively overcome insulin resistance counteract obesity. Here, we discuss various aspects white-to-beige conversion, catabolic re-activation, non-shivering thermogenesis.

Language: Английский

Visceral Adipose Tissue: The Hidden Culprit for Type 2 Diabetes DOI Open Access

Sneha Dhokte,

Krzysztof Czaja

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1015 - 1015

Published: March 30, 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance in various tissues. Though conventionally associated with obesity, current research indicates that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) the leading determining factor, wielding more influence regardless of individual body mass. The heightened activity VAT encourages circulation free fatty acid (FFA) molecules, which induce surrounding Individuals most vulnerable to this preferential fat deposition are older males ancestral ties Asian countries because genetics and sex hormones pivotal factors for accumulation. However, interventions one's diet lifestyle have potential strategically discourage growth VAT. This illuminates possibility expansion and, subsequently, risk T2D development preventable. Therefore, reducing amount accumulated an preventing it from building up, one can effectively control prevent T2D.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Translational potential of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative therapies for human diseases: challenges and opportunities DOI Creative Commons

Song Zhidu,

Tao Ying, Rui Jiang

et al.

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Advances in stem cell technology offer new possibilities for patients with untreated diseases and disorders. Stem cell-based therapy, which includes multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs), has recently become important regenerative therapies. MSCs are progenitor that possess the ability to undergo vitro self-renewal differentiate into various lineages. have demonstrated promise several areas, such as tissue regeneration, immunological modulation, anti-inflammatory qualities, wound healing. Additionally, development of specific guidelines quality control methods ultimately result therapeutic application been made easier by recent advancements study MSC biology. This review discusses latest clinical uses obtained from umbilical cord (UC), bone marrow (BM), or adipose (AT) treating human pulmonary dysfunctions, neurological disorders, endocrine/metabolic diseases, skin burns, cardiovascular conditions, reproductive this offers comprehensive information regarding targeted therapies utilizing MSCs. It also presents examines concept origin its potential impact on function downstream applications. The ultimate aim research is facilitate translational applications

Language: Английский

Citations

24
The association of visceral and subcutaneous fat areas with phenotypic age in non-elderly adults, mediated by HOMA-IR and HDL-C DOI Creative Commons
Yuanhong Liu, Min Xu, Liqing Wang

et al.

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Ageing results in diminished adaptability, as well declines physiological and psychological functions resilience. The epigenetic clock 'Phenotypic Age' (PhenoAge) represents 'preclinical ageing'. Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) is defined the residual from a linear regression model predicting PhenoAge on basis of chronological age. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have all been shown to correlate with ageing; however, connections between these factors are still insufficiently investigated. Data for this study were sourced National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2018), comprising 2580 participants. Complex survey designs considered. To examine association body fat area PhenoAgeAccel, logistic was applied. Additionally, subgroup analysis used identify variations population characteristics. dose‒response relationship PhenoAgeAccel determined via restricted cubic spline analysis. Mediation interaction analyses further employed investigate roles HOMA-IR HDL-C association. In nonelderly adults, relationships differed For abdominal (SFA), nonlinear individuals aged 18–44 years 45–59 years, thresholds 2.969 m² 3.394 m², respectively. contrast, (VFA) observed while 0.769 1.220 effect revealed that had more pronounced mediation accounting 13.4% VFA 6.9% SFA PhenoAgeAccel. Conversely, greater mediating 21.7% 11.6% ≥ 2.73 or > 0.925 3.137 accelerated PhenoAge, whereas 1.60 < ≤ 3.90 mmol/L combined decelerated PhenoAge. study, among SFA, VFA, elucidated, characteristic across different age groups identified. emphasize complex influence distribution ageing process refine various cohorts. These findings provide biological future screening appropriate intervention high-risk populations offer valuable insights guiding personalized clinical interventions health management strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Optimised Skeletal Muscle Mass as a Key Strategy for Obesity Management DOI Creative Commons
Thomas M. Barber, Stefan Kabisch, A. Pfeiffer

et al.

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 85 - 85

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The ‘Body Mass Index’ (BMI) is an anachronistic and outdated ratio that used as internationally accepted diagnostic criterion for obesity, to prioritise, stratify, outcome-assess its management options. On individual level, the BMI has potential mislead, including inaccuracies in cardiovascular risk assessment. Furthermore, places excessive emphasis on a reduction overall body weight (rather than optimised composition) contributes towards misunderstanding of quiddity obesity dispassionate societal perspective response global problem. objective this review provide overview transitions away from novel vista: viewing skeletal muscle (SM). We resurrect SM tissue hidden plain sight key role plays influencing metabolic health efficiency. discuss complex interlinks between adipose (AT) through myokines adipokines, argue rather two separate tissues, AT should be considered single entity: ‘Adipo–Muscle Axis’. vicious circle sarcopenic which aging- obesity-related decline mass worsened status insulin resistance, turn further compounds function. approaches can mitigate against context negative energy balance, optimisation dietary protein intake resistance physical exercises, molecules development target SM, will play important future obesity. Finally, we Adipo–Muscle Ratio (AMR) would more clinically meaningful descriptor definition help shift our focus regarding effective merely inducing loss optimising AMR with proper attention maintenance augmentation

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health DOI Creative Commons
M.W. Fu,

Kyung‐Sik Yoon,

Joohun Ha

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The interplay between oxidative stress and adipogenesis is a critical factor in the development of obesity its associated metabolic disorders. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupt key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), impairing lipid metabolism, promoting adipocyte dysfunction, exacerbating inflammation insulin resistance. Antioxidants, classified endogenous (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) exogenous polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins C E), are pivotal mitigating these effects by restoring redox balance preserving functionality. Endogenous antioxidants neutralize ROS safeguard cellular structures; however, under heightened stress, defenses often insufficient, necessitating dietary supplementation. Exogenous derived from plant-based sources, polyphenols vitamins, act through direct scavenging, upregulation antioxidant enzymes, modulation signaling pathways like nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) PPARγ, reducing peroxidation, inflammation, dysfunction. Furthermore, they influence epigenetic regulation transcriptional networks to restore differentiation limit accumulation. Antioxidant-rich diets, including Mediterranean diet, strongly with improved health, reduced rates, enhanced sensitivity. Advances personalized therapies, guided biomarkers supported novel delivery systems, present promising avenues for optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review, "Crosstalk Between Antioxidants Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways Their Role Metabolic Health", highlights mechanistic which regulate enhance health.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Pharmacological targets at the lysosomal autophagy–NLRP3 inflammasome crossroads DOI
Srinivasa Reddy Bonam, Dylan Mastrippolito, Philippe Georgel

et al.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 81 - 101

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Beyond the Cold: Activating Brown Adipose Tissue as an Approach to Combat Obesity DOI Open Access

Cristina Elena Negroiu,

Iulia Tudorașcu,

C M Bezna

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1973 - 1973

Published: March 28, 2024

With a dramatic increase in the number of obese and overweight people, there is great need for new anti-obesity therapies. discovery functionality brown adipose tissue adults observation beige fat cells among white cells, scientists are looking substances methods to activity these cells. We aimed describe how have concluded that also present active adults, where human body deposits are, summarize origin both and, last but not least, list some classified as BAT promotion agents with their benefits side effects. summarized findings based on original literature reviews field, emphasizing discovery, function, origins tissue, agents, batokines. Only studies written English satisfying rating were identified from electronic searches PubMed.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Senescent adipocytes and type 2 diabetes – current knowledge and perspective concepts DOI Creative Commons
Weronika Kruczkowska, Julia Gałęziewska, Mateusz Kciuk

et al.

BioMolecular Concepts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Among civilization diseases, the number of individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is expected to increase more than a billion in less 20 years, which associated with, e.g., populational aging, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, genetic predispositions, and immunological factors. T2DM affects many organs characterized by insulin resistance, high glucose levels, adipocyte dysfunction, are related senescence. Although this cellular aging has beneficial biological functions, it can also act unfavorable since senescent adipocytes resist apoptosis, enhance cytokine secretion, downregulate cell identity genes, acquire senescence-associated secretory phenotype that renders oxidative environment. Opposing possible via wide variety senotherapies, including senolytics senomorphics; nevertheless, further research advised expand therapeutic possibilities benefits. Consequences ought be deeply researched include phenotype, chronic inflammation, increasing as well impairment adipogenesis functioning cells. Herein, despite reviewing fat tissue senescence, we summarized latest adipocyte-related anti-diabetes solutions suggested directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Effect of life course body composition on lipids and coronary atherosclerosis mediated by inflammatory biomarkers DOI
Liwan Fu, Hong Cheng, Jingfan Xiong

et al.

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 157 - 165

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Single-Cell Landscape and a Macrophage Subset Enhancing Brown Adipocyte Function in Diabetes (Diabetes Metab J 2024;48:885-900) DOI Creative Commons

Yea Eun Kang,

Ju Hee Lee

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 160 - 161

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0