Enhancing Large Language Model Reliability: Minimizing Hallucinations with Dual Retrieval-Augmented Generation Based on the Latest Diabetes Guidelines DOI Open Access
Jaedong Lee, Hyo Soung, Yul Hwangbo

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1131 - 1131

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Background/Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) show promise in healthcare but face challenges with hallucinations, particularly rapidly evolving fields like diabetes management. Traditional LLM updating methods are resource-intensive, necessitating new approaches for delivering reliable, current medical information. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel retrieval system enhance reliability management across different languages guidelines. Methods: We developed dual retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) integrating both Korean Diabetes Association American 2023 The employed dense 11 embedding (including OpenAI, Upstage, multilingual models) sparse using BM25 algorithm language-specific tokenizers. Performance was evaluated top-k values, leading optimized ensemble retrievers each guideline. Results: For retrievers, Upstage’s Solar Embedding-1-large OpenAI’s text-embedding-3-large showed superior performance English guidelines, respectively. Multilingual outperformed cases. the ko_kiwi tokenizer demonstrated text, while porter_stemmer comparable effectiveness text. combining optimal configurations, enhanced coverage maintaining precision. Conclusions: presents an effective RAG that enhances languages. successful implementation guidelines demonstrates system’s cross-regional capability, laying foundation more trustworthy AI-assisted applications.

Language: Английский

Prevalence, Incidence, and Metabolic Characteristics of Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea (2010–2020) DOI Creative Commons
Ji Yoon Kim, Jiyoon Lee, Joon Ho Moon

et al.

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 172 - 182

Published: March 1, 2025

Background: This study aimed to examine trends in the prevalence, incidence, metabolic characteristics, and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young adults South Korea.Methods: Young with T2DM were defined as individuals aged 19 39 years who met diagnostic criteria for T2DM. Data from Korean National Health Insurance Service-Customized Database (2010–2020, <i>n</i>=225,497–372,726) analyzed evaluate profiles, comorbidities, antidiabetic drug prescription. Additional analyses performed using Korea Nutrition Examination Survey.Results: The prevalence significantly increased 1.02% 2010 2.02% 2020 (<i>P</i><0.001), corresponding 372,726 patients 2020. Over same period, incidence rate remained stable within range 0.36% 0.45%. Prediabetes steadily 15.53% 20.92%, affecting 3.87 million proportion obese also increased, 67.8% having a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m² 31.6% BMI ≥30 hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease reaching 34.2%, 79.8%, 78.9%, respectively, Although overall pharmacological treatment low, prescription medications weight-reducing properties over period.Conclusion: nearly doubled past decade. strong association obesity comorbidities emphasizes urgent need targeted prevention strategies tailored this population.

Language: Английский

Citations

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Workplace‐based continuous glucose monitoring with structured education for pre‐diabetes and type 2 diabetes: A prospective community cohort study DOI
Jae‐Hoon Ko, Soo‐youn Moon, Ramzi Ajjan

et al.

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

We investigated the effect of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with personalised structured education on patients type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pre-diabetes in a workplace setting. This 8-week prospective study enrolled adults T2D or at Samsung Electronics Device Solutions between March September 2023. Participants underwent CGM (Freestyle Libre) for weeks received personalized diet physical activity. The primary outcome was change HbA1c level 8 compared baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, weight patient-related measures (PROMs) longer. Among 234 participants (161 73 pre-diabetes), significant improvements were observed group terms (6.9% ± 1.2%-6.5% 0.8%), FBS (128.4 36.9-117.6 22.2 mg/dL), (81.9 13.5-80.7 13.6 kg) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (106.0 41.5 to 95.1 35.9 mg/dL) (all p < 0.001) levels. Meanwhile, showed (79.7 14.0-78.5 13.9 LDL (124.5 32.8-113.8 29.1 0.001), no FBS. These maintained during follow-up check-ups after mean 6.4 months. both groups demonstrated their PROMs. pre-diabetes, use workplace-based setting helped loss improved levels groups, while also improving glycaemia T2D.

Language: Английский

Citations

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Clinical Characteristics and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Peoples With Long-Standing Diabetes DOI Creative Commons
Sook Jung Lee, Chong Hwa Kim, Su Jin Jeong

et al.

Journal of Korean Medical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

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Feasibility of a Structured Calorie-Restricted Dietary Intervention in Korean Adults with Early Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Pilot Study DOI Open Access
Sujeong Park, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jinyoung Kim

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1530 - 1530

Published: April 30, 2025

Background: Calorie restriction is increasingly recognized as a strategy for glycemic management in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) by promoting weight loss and potentially achieving remission. This study evaluated the feasibility of 12-week structured calorie-restricted dietary intervention based on healthy Korean patterns adults with early DM. Methods: Adults aged 18–60 years body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2 short duration were recruited. The comprised two phases: 6-week phase, targeting 3% reduction every weeks, starting an 800 kcal/day diet increasing 200 kcal per all meals provided via home delivery, followed self-managed maintenance period, preceded one-week reintroduction phase provided. Results: Among 27 participants, 24 completed (89% retention). Mean at 6 weeks was 6.4 kg (7.6%), primarily achieved during Phase 1 (5.1%). By 12 average further improved to 7.4 (8.7%). Dietary adherence ranged from 80% 90%, energy intake closely aligning prescribed targets. Non-achievers exhibited smaller initial (2.5 vs. 3.9 kg), gap persisting throughout study. Postprandial response mixed meal (65% carbohydrate) significantly baseline week 5. Conclusions: demonstrated substantial DM, highlighting its effectiveness guided management.

Language: Английский

Citations

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Impact of physical activities in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease DOI
Eugene Han,

Sin Yung Woo,

Justin Y. Jeon

et al.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 224, P. 112209 - 112209

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

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SIGNIFICANCE OF URINARY AMINOPEPTIDASE N AND DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF KIDNEY DAMAGE IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN NORTH-EASTERN REGION OF UKRAINE DOI Creative Commons
Iryna Vikhrova, Andrii Loboda,

Igor Zmyslia

et al.

Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 808 - 817

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Introduction. Compared to adults, diabetes in children and adolescents follows a more aggressive clinical course. This is characterized by reduced response current treatments, faster decline β-cell function, the rapid progression of insulin resistance, an accelerated development both microvascular macrovascular complications. Diabetic nephropathy stands out as one most critical common complications leading cause end-stage renal disease. makes type 1 mellitus particularly significant for pediatric nephrologists. While signs diabetic nephropathy, such albuminuria glomerular filtration rate, typically manifest over longer period (10–25 years), specific structural changes kidneys, basement membrane thickening mesangial expansion can occur much earlier, within 1.5 5 years onset. Notably, affects not only glomeruli but also involves tubular damage. Tubulointerstitial lesions often precede injury, suggesting that biomarkers might be sensitive early detection. Markers with peptidase activity have proven effective identifying injury. Aminopeptidase N, ectopeptidase widely expressed recognized urinary marker proximal tubule Similarly, Dipeptidyl IV visceral epithelial cells, endothelial brush border tubules. Elevated levels been detected patients normoalbuminuria, indicating its potential biomarker onset nephropathy. Objective. To determine N from north-eastern region Ukraine depending on duration. Materials methods. A total 55 participants were included study, comprising 47 8 no history kidney The divided into three groups based disease duration: less than year (11 participants), 1–5 (24 (12 participants). chemiluminescence signals urine analyzed using Proteome Profiler Human Kidney Biomarker Antibody Array (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) Bio-Rad ChemiDoc Touch imaging system. Statistical analysis was conducted descriptive statistics nonparametric methods, including contingency tables Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r). Results p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results. Urinary increased duration year. showed moderate rate (r=0.589, p=0.044). strongly positive correlated (r=0.869, p=0.0001) weaker (r=0.467, p=0.126). Conclusions. Serum creatinine rise significantly after mellitus, making it unsuitable predictor damage mellitus. Both are reliable markers detection injury Ukraine. Among these, preferable non-invasive due localization tubules epithelium, well strong rate.

Language: Английский

Citations

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Reply to comment on: Association of glucose-lowering drugs with incident stroke and transient ischaemic attacks in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: disease analyser database DOI
Wolfgang Rathmann, Karel Kostev

Acta Diabetologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 1081 - 1082

Published: April 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

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Adherence to the nutritional recommendations according to diabetes status in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study DOI Creative Commons
Jong Han Choi, Lulu Chen, Seon‐Joo Park

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

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당뇨병 치료의 진화: 관해를 향해가는 혁신적 약물치료와 첨단 관리기기의 결합 DOI
Jong Han Choi, Min Kyong Moon

Public Health Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(44), P. 1905 - 1924

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Citations

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The Impact of the Dietary Inflammatory Index, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Smoking Status on the Incidence and Survival of Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Case–Control Study and a Prospective Study DOI Open Access
Ga Hyun Lee, Yeon-Hee Kim, Sang Myung Woo

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(22), P. 3941 - 3941

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Pancreatic cancer (PC), a highly malignant with poor diagnosis, may be influenced by diet-related inflammation. This study examined the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and incidence prognosis of PC in Korea.

Language: Английский

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