Pirfenidone as a Cornerstone in the Management of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases and Its Emerging Applications: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access

Harsh Babariya,

Shilpa Gaidhane,

Sourya Acharya

et al.

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Pirfenidone is a groundbreaking antifibrotic agent that has become cornerstone in managing fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This review comprehensively analyzes pirfenidone's mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profile, and emerging applications beyond IPF. exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting key pathways involved fibrosis, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) other pro-fibrotic cytokines. It also reduces oxidative stress inflammation. Clinical trials have consistently demonstrated ability to slow the decline function, reduce disease progression, improve survival rates IPF patients. Furthermore, evidence supports potential use ILDs non-pulmonary conditions, such as liver kidney fibrosis. Despite proven benefits, tolerability profiles require careful monitoring, with gastrointestinal photosensitivity reactions being most common adverse effects. Future research poised explore combination therapies, personalized treatment approaches, novel pirfenidone broader range disorders. As field therapy advances, remains pivotal significantly impact management across multiple organ systems. aims provide clinicians researchers detailed understanding current role prospects treating

Language: Английский

The role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in pathophysiology of fibrosis DOI Creative Commons

Sophie L Harding-Fox,

Selim Cellek

Drug Discovery Today, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104368 - 104368

Published: May 1, 2025

Fibrosis, the excessive production and disorganised deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, can occur in any organ system, disrupting functionality causing fatality. The number, efficacy safety antifibrotic drugs are incredibly limited. Therapeutics which elevate intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) offer a potential solution. In this review, we present signalling mechanisms involved fibrosis pathophysiology, how cAMP its effectors might interact with these pathways, current preclinical clinical efforts field. elevating agents have to be future drug candidates, but further studies required, particularly develop tissue specific therapeutics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transcriptomic Plasticity of Human Alveolar Macrophages Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Following Drug Exposure: Implications for Therapeutic Development DOI Open Access
Penny Groves, Levi Hockey, Brendan O’Sullivan

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4439 - 4439

Published: May 7, 2025

Alveolar macrophages (AM) must perform three seemingly opposing roles including homeostasis, driving inflammation, and facilitating tissue repair. Whilst there is now consensus (supported by a large body of human single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data) that the subsets these tasks can readily be found based on their transcriptome, ontogeny has remained unclear. Moreover, agreement in all types pulmonary fibrosis (PF) an expanded population profibrotic AM may aberrantly drive PF. From therapeutic viewpoint, great appeal notion transcriptional program different not fixed but remains plastic amenable to pharmacological reprogramming. Accordingly, this study addresses question performing scRNA-seq following treatment with drugs or perturbagens pioglitazone, trametinib, nintedanib, lipopolysaccharide natural compound endiandrin A. Each induced unique global change, cells towards distinct subsets, further supported trajectory analysis, confirming high level plasticity. Confirmatory experiments using qPCR demonstrated exposure relatively stable whereas serial allowed reprogrammed yet again phenotype. These findings add new insight into biology support development novel therapies treat

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Barriers to accessing the social security of self-employed immigrant workers in Vietnamese metropolitan areas DOI

Quyet Van Pham,

Hung Viet Pham,

Lan Thi Thai Nguyen

et al.

Multidisciplinary Science Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(10), P. 2025480 - 2025480

Published: April 17, 2025

This paper presents findings from a study of 501 self-employed immigrant workers in Vietnam’s two largest metropolitan areas, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The analyzes the accessibility barriers these face obtaining services social security systems. investigated three main areas: 1) to accessing jobs current policies support job creation; 2) insurance, especially medical different forms insurance; 3) assistance systems, related income for with loss, reduced or due COVID-19 pandemic. reveal significant limitations access migrant workers. Research has revealed various that faced programs, particularly during They include factors personal traits, such as limited knowledge skills, unemployment, secluded lifestyle, financial issues, lack information. Additionally, other influential reasons stem implementation agencies organizations, weak activities supportive government nongovernment security, complicated procedures, unhelpful authorities, which contribute mistrust dissatisfaction system. advocates enhancing search centers developing effective communication channels, improving procedural process within authority institutions insurance organizations better

Language: Английский

Citations

0
NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the development of the pro-fibrotic phenotype of lung fibroblasts DOI

Thu-Hang Nguyen,

Hoang-Hanh-Nhan Nguyen,

Dương Nguyễn Thùy

et al.

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 229, P. 116496 - 116496

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Optimization and Appraisal of Nintedanib-Loaded Mixed Polymeric Micelles as a Potential Nanovector for Non-Invasive Pulmonary Fibrosis Mitigation DOI Creative Commons
Heba M. Aboud,

Shahira F. El Menshawe,

Nada H. Mohammed

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. 1275 - 1275

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Background/Objectives: Nintedanib (NTD), a triple tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, is the recommended first-line tackling option for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Nevertheless, adequacy of NTD curtailed by issues associated with its low solubility, first-pass effect, poor bioavailability, and liver toxicity. The objective our work was to develop non-invasive intratracheal (i.t.) nanoparadigm based on NTD-loaded polymeric mixed micelles (NTD-PMMs) that can effectively treat IPF sustaining release NTD, snowballing efficacy. Methods: Design-Expert® software used optimize various NTD-PMMs formulations via Box–Behnken design adopting thin-film hydration technique. optimum formulation chosen in vivo tested rat model explore comparative bioavailability Results: composition 309.217 mg Soluplus, 150 Tween 80, 40 sodium deoxycholate found fulfill requisites an formulation. divulged 90.26% entrapment efficiency surface charge −14.72 mV nanoscale diameter 61.36 nm. Also, it substantially sustained 66.84% after 24 h manifested pronounced stability. In histopathology investigations verified safety delivered intratracheally. Moreover, pharmacokinetic analyses disclosed accentuated relative optimized 2.4- 3.82-fold as compared both i.t. oral crude suspensions, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, current results elicited potential PMMs serve promising nanovector targeted delivery NTD.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Effects of pharmacotherapy on post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: Systemic review DOI Creative Commons
О. И. Бутранова,

Elena A. Baybulatova,

S. К. Zyryanov

et al.

BIO Web of Conferences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 01010 - 01010

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis is one of serious consequences COVID-19. Its prevalence and risk factors including disease severity, length mechanical ventilation hospitalization were studied, but the effect pharmacotherapy was not widely assessed. This systematic review aimed to investigate potential effects drugs used before during COVID-19 on lung damage possibly leading pulmonary fibrosis, post-COVID-19 therapy fight formed fibrosis. PubMed database searched identify studies published in English up February 10, 2024. The search revealed a total 580 full-text articles, which 23 (results clinical trials) finally included analysis. Most works considering treatment highlighted antibiotics corticosteroids as groups with highest frequency use patients negative outcomes respiratory function decline, suggesting possible development. Pre-COVID-19 rituximab chemotherapy main drug associated development, antifibrotic discussible results. Our an attempt highlight formation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Treatment of Acute and Long-COVID, Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction, and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Potential Role of a Novel Nano-Compound – the Transdermal Glutathione-Cyclodextrin Complex DOI Open Access
Ray Yutani, Vishwanath Venketaraman, Nisar Sheren

et al.

Published: June 26, 2024

Oxidative stress (OS) occurs from excessive reactive oxygen species or a deficiency of antioxidants – primarily endogenous glutathione (GSH). There are many illnesses, acute and post-COVID-19, diabetes, myocardial infarction, to Alzheimer’s disease, that associated with OS. These dissimilar illnesses in order, viral infection, metabolic disorder, an ischemic event, neurodegenerative disorder. OS may be early initiator significant promotor their progressive pathophysiologic processes. Consequently, addressing initial OS-related pathology avoid subsequent severe irreversible complications. Early intervention would modulate multiple factors, including cytokine stimulation, complement dysregulation, immuno-thrombosis, fibrosis, autoimmunity. Past clinical studies addressed have had equivocal results. It due the use ineffective antioxidants, untimely delay use, inefficient delivery system. Experimental used not available for trials. Although GSH can significantly reduce OS, its exogenous is hampered by lack effective By incorporating into cyclodextrin (CD) through nanotechnology, there recent evidence delivered more effectively prevent mitigate injury [1]. Future using GSH/cyclodextrin (GC) complex will needed confirm effectiveness and, hopefully, offer path treat sub-optimally managed currently untreatable illnesses.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Surviving COVID-19 and Battling Fibrosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Across Three Pandemic Waves DOI Creative Commons
Mihai Lazăr, Ecaterina Constanța Barbu,

Cristina Emilia Chițu

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(24), P. 2811 - 2811

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Background/Objectives: We aimed to characterize the fibrosis following COVID-19 pneumonia, using quantitative analysis, after three months and subsequently, two years of patients’ release from hospital, identify risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: performed a retrospective, observational cohort study on 420 patients with severe forms COVID-19. For all patients, we registered demographic, inflammatory biochemical parameters, complete blood count D-dimers; underwent computed tomography scans (at admittance, at 3 2 years). Results: found in 67.9% 3-month evaluation 42.4% 2-year evaluation, registering significant decrease moderate cases, slight increase mild cases. The was be proportional values age, duration hospital stay, markers (ESR, fibrinogen), cytolytic (LDH, AST) D-dimers. highest correlations lung were interstitial involvement (for evaluation) total evaluation). Conclusions: Lung represents post-COVID-19 complication 42% pneumonia evaluation. A overall severity compared consider that amount optimal parameter estimate SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Physiotherapy Framework to Managing Long COVID: A Clinical Approach DOI
S. Peirce, Mitchell A. Taylor,

Talia Pollok

et al.

Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 19 - 29

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Purpose: Individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes disease 2019 (COVID-19), can experience ongoing, often debilitating symptoms after infection known as Long COVID (LC). LC has profound medical, social, and economic consequences worldwide. Prevalence estimates vary, but it is estimated 10% to 35% of people SARS-CoV-2 develop LC. The World Health Organization endorses physiotherapy a vital component in symptom management stabilization. Cardiorespiratory physiotherapists are involved patients phenotypes such post-exertional malaise/post-exertional exacerbation, post-COVID interstitial lung disease, dysautonomia, breathing pattern disorders, chronic cough. However, specific guidance lacking regarding assessment safe intervention strategies. In this review, we describe relevant pathophysiology condition, report common clinical phenotypes, propose framework for

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Analysis of the detection results of pulmonary nodules before and after the novel coronavirus epidemic——A multicenter retrospective analysis DOI Creative Commons

zemin he,

Keting Liu,

Qiang Wei

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2024

Abstract Objective:To analyse the screening results of pulmonary nodules before and after COVID-19 epidemic to understand influence on detection rate malignant nodules.Methods:A total 18,906 cases chest CT were completed from March November 2022 2023. In March-December was divided into pre-epidemic group, subjects 2023 post-epidemic group. nodules, suspected lung cancer different age sex group analyzed.Results:A 11513 detected in this screening. A 841 detected, The solid significantly higher than that . fibrosis changes prevalence 51 60 years older 61 difference statistically significant.Conclusion:The increased COVID-19, mainly dominated by increase nodules.The is concentrated medical aged over years, does not nodules.

Language: Английский

Citations

0