Thymic Hyperplasia and COVID-19 Pulmonary Sequelae: A Bicentric CT-Based Follow-Up Study

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 3930 - 3930

Published: May 5, 2024

This study aimed to investigate the role of thymus in influencing long-term outcomes COVID-19 by comparing thymic appearance patients with and without pulmonary sequelae at chest computed tomography (CT). A total 102 adult previously hospitalized for underwent a follow-up CT three months after discharge. Pulmonary were independently assessed two experienced radiologists. The was detectable 55/102 (54%), only 7/55 (13%) having any kind sequelae, compared 33 out 47 (70%, p < 0.001) visibility, as confirmed age-stratified analysis logistic regression analysis, where involution had 9.3 odds ratio (95% CI 3.0–28.2, development sequelae. These results support hypothesis that reactivation plays protective against adverse COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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A Case of End-stage Post-Covid-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Kenyan Hospital

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(05), P. 1033 - 1038

Published: May 23, 2024

Post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PC19-PF) is one of the severe manifestations “long COVID syndrome,” with a prevalence about 7%, and characterized by presence persistent fibrotic lung changes (on CT scan lungs) associated impairment function. Some risk factors for PC19-PF include advanced age, occurrence acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), need supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, smoking, etc. Antifibrotic agents, e.g., pirfenidone nintedanib, are increasingly being used in management good outcomes, but larger studies on efficacy benefit needed. In this study, we present case young woman rural Kenyan hospital found to have end-stage needing long-term oxygen therapy highlight reality post-COVID-19 clinical era.

Language: Английский

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State of the Globe: A Glimmer of Hope – Biomarkers for Diagnosing COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 43 - 44

Published: April 1, 2024

The COVID-19 disease has cast a long shadow on global health even in the postpandemic phase. virus can directly damage lungs, and process trigger dysregulated immune response aberrant tissue repair. This leads to collagen production deposition of an abnormal extracellular matrix, progressing pulmonary fibrosis (PF) 20%–30% recovering patients.[1] fibrotic scarring disrupts lung's architecture, hindering oxygen exchange causing significant respiratory distress, morbidity, mortality. Risk factors for post-COVID-19 PF include age, male gender, severity disease, such as development acute distress syndrome.[2] Unfortunately, diagnosing presents challenges. Traditional methods chest imaging lung biopsies are invasive, expensive, sometimes inconclusive. Clinicians urgently need more accessible reliable tools definitive diagnosis. Early accurate diagnosis is essential initiating appropriate treatment improving patient outcomes. Several biomarkers being investigated their potential predict PF. These include: Krebs von den Lungen 6, mucin-like glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC1) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) CXC chemokine receptor 10 (CXCL10) Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) Surfactant protein D (SP-D) SP-A Matrix metalloproteinases MicroRNAs Autoantibodies Genetic markers. under discussion role early detection determination A study published this journal issue offers promising avenue – using specific Their research focused four key biomarkers: MUC1, CEA, CXCL10, TGF-β. findings suggest that these markers hold promise identifying presence editorial delves into significance explores implications clinical practice. Biomarkers biological molecules whose or concentration variations indicate state. explored particular PF.[3] MUC1: pro-inflammatory macromolecular produced by damaged human type II alveolar epithelial cells. Elevated MUC1 levels serve prognostic bioindicator interstitial diseases, might PF[4,5] TGF-β: TGF-β associated with inflammation increased viral-induced pneumonia, particularly aged individuals. It plays outcomes PF[6] CXCL10: molecule cell recruitment. CXCL10 COVID-19-induced cytokine storm, which contributes multiorgan fibrosis, including PF[7] CEA: CEA intestinal epithelia during fetal development. However, high expression been observed cells tissues from patients after immunohistochemical staining, potentially reflecting its PF.[8] encouraging. demonstrates postadmission values three biomarkers, namely incidence according receiver operating characteristic curves. suggests novel diagnostic also established cutoff each biomarker, allowing objective positive negative result. In addition, correlation between biomarker length hospital stay underscores assessing severity. While promising, needed validate utility larger scale diverse populations. Here some areas further exploration: Multicenter trials: Studies involving broader range hospitals demographics would strengthen generalizability Longitudinal studies: Tracking over time could provide insights progression Comparison other Investigating how compare emerging be valuable. CONCLUSIONS quest effective remains ongoing. investigating provides glimpse area. Further essential, but initial illuminate path toward earlier diagnosis, enhanced management, better individuals grappling challenging post-COVID complication. As ongoing progresses, array may emerge ray hope combating Research quality ethics statement authors followed applicable EQUATOR Network (https://www.equator-network.org/) guidelines, conduct report.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of Acute and Long-COVID, Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction, and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Potential Role of a Novel Nano-Compound—The Transdermal Glutathione–Cyclodextrin Complex

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1106 - 1106

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Oxidative stress (OS) occurs from excessive reactive oxygen species or a deficiency of antioxidants—primarily endogenous glutathione (GSH). There are many illnesses, acute and post-COVID-19, diabetes, myocardial infarction to Alzheimer’s disease, that associated with OS. These dissimilar illnesses are, in order, viral infections, metabolic disorders, ischemic events, neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence is presented (1) OS an early initiator significant promotor their progressive pathophysiologic processes, (2) reduction may prevent later serious irreversible complications, (3) GSH OS, (4) can likely reduce restore adaptive physiology, (5) effective administration be accomplished novel nano-product, the GSH/cyclodextrin (GC) complex. overlooked pathological process illnesses. Significantly, complex, therapeutic now available Finally, rigorous prospective studies needed confirm efficacy this approach.

Language: Английский

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Pirfenidone as a Cornerstone in the Management of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases and Its Emerging Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Pirfenidone is a groundbreaking antifibrotic agent that has become cornerstone in managing fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This review comprehensively analyzes pirfenidone's mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profile, and emerging applications beyond IPF. exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting key pathways involved fibrosis, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) other pro-fibrotic cytokines. It also reduces oxidative stress inflammation. Clinical trials have consistently demonstrated ability to slow the decline function, reduce disease progression, improve survival rates IPF patients. Furthermore, evidence supports potential use ILDs non-pulmonary conditions, such as liver kidney fibrosis. Despite proven benefits, tolerability profiles require careful monitoring, with gastrointestinal photosensitivity reactions being most common adverse effects. Future research poised explore combination therapies, personalized treatment approaches, novel pirfenidone broader range disorders. As field therapy advances, remains pivotal significantly impact management across multiple organ systems. aims provide clinicians researchers detailed understanding current role prospects treating

Language: Английский

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