The Unexpected Role of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase at the Neurovascular Unit: Beyond the Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 9071 - 9071

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly versatile gasotransmitter that has first been shown to regulate cardiovascular function and then exert tight control over much broader range of processes, including neurotransmitter release, neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) usually far from the mind neurophysiologists, who have focused most their attention on (nNOS) as primary source at neurovascular unit (NVU). Nevertheless, available evidence suggests eNOS could also contribute generating burst that, serving volume intercellular messenger, produced in response activity brain parenchyma. Herein, we review role both regulation cerebral blood flow plasticity discuss mechanisms by which cerebrovascular endothelial cells may transduce inputs into signal. We further suggest play critical vascular-to-neuronal communication integrating signals converging onto streaming active neurons.

Language: Английский

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Rho GTPases, a Potential Target for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders and the Neuroprotective Effect of Statins as a Rho GTPase Inhibitor

International Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 1 - 15

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Electroacupuncture promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin repair in a rat model of vascular dementia: Investigation of the mechanism from NF-κB-mediated inflammation

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Shared early molecular mechanisms revealed in P301S and 5xFAD Alzheimer’s disease mouse models

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early molecular events that influence progression. Still, mechanisms caused different mutations of AD are not understood. We have performed a multidisciplinary study to investigate and compare stages pathology in two transgenic mouse models: P301S 5xFAD. Using SNOTRAP-based mass spectrometry, we assessed changes S-nitrosylation, nitric oxide-mediated post-translational modification, proteins both models during their juvenile age. The increased levels 3-nitrotyrosine confirmed nitrosative stress mutant mice. Systems biology analysis revealed shared processes between models, particularly γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic glutamatergic neurotransmission processes. In model, identified 273 S-nitrosylated (SNOed) cortex, with 244 uniquely SNOed diseased 5xFAD 309 were identified. found altered expression glutamate/GABA-related markers cortex hippocampus models. Additionally, phosphorylation mTOR signaling components hyperactivation this pathway Conversely, mice showed no significant except for elevated ribosomal protein S6 cortex. Our findings key stages. These could serve as potential biomarkers therapeutic targets early-stage AD.

Language: Английский

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Multifaceted role of nitric oxide in vascular dementia

Medical Gas Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 496 - 506

Published: April 29, 2025

Vascular dementia is a highly heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder induced by variety of factors. Currently, there are no definitive treatments for the cognitive dysfunction associated with vascular dementia. However, early detection and preventive measures have proven effective in reducing risk onset improving patient prognosis. Nitric oxide plays an integral role various physiological pathological processes within central nervous system. In recent years, nitric has been implicated regulation synaptic plasticity emerged as crucial factor pathophysiology At different stages dementia, levels bioavailability undergo dynamic alterations, marked reduction later stages, which significantly contributes to deficits disease. This review provides comprehensive emerging underlying focusing on its effects dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, blood‒brain barrier integrity. Furthermore, we suggest that targeting soluble guanylate cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway through specific therapeutic strategies may offer novel approach treating potentially both function The better understanding multifaceted offering insights into future interventions.

Language: Английский

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TREM1—Microglia crosstalk: Neurocognitive Disorders

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111162 - 111162

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Neurocognitive Disorders (NCDs) primarily affect cognitive functions, including learning, memory, perception, and problem-solving. They predominantly arise as pathological sequelae of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that microglial inflammatory activation within the hippocampus underlies pathogenesis impairment. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), a pattern-recognition microglia, becomes upregulated in response to injury synergistically amplifies responses mediated by other receptors, leading uncontrolled inflammation. While TREM1 is lowly resting state, its upregulation upon exposure injurious stimuli promotes contributes development NCDs. Consequently, may serve critical microglia-mediated This article reviews current understanding role NCDs pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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The effects and possible mechanisms of whole-body vibration on cognitive function: A narrative review

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1850, P. 149392 - 149392

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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