Social and Travel Lockdown Impact Considering Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Air Quality in Megacities of India: Present Benefits, Future Challenges and Way Forward

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1222 - 1236

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created enormous pressure across the globe due to an increasing number of COVID-19 infected cases. All governments' primary focus is save humanity from this pandemic problem, and they have lockdown almost entire nation stop spread infection. This resulted in a considerable impact on global as well local economy that will take long time perform with business usual scenario. However, improvement air quality cities has emerged key benefit lockdown. Therefore, study aims assess overall social travel five megacities India; Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore. evaluated spatiotemporal variations criteria pollutants over two periods, i.e., March–April 2019 2020 10th–20th March (before lockdown) 25th 6th April (during lockdown). results highlighted statistically significant decline all except for ozone. It was observed concentration PM2.5, PM10, NO2 CO declined by ~41% (66–39 µg m–3), ~52% (153–73 ~51% (39–19 m–3) ~28% (0.9–0.65 mg during phase comparison before respectively. Similar pollutant other well. Further, conducted expert survey identify possible challenges India might face after over. experts said reviving be big challenge government, it may result some tradeoff while managing near future scarcity funds, etc.

Language: Английский

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Association of COVID-19 pandemic with meteorological parameters over Singapore

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 740, P. 140112 - 140112

Published: June 12, 2020

Language: Английский

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The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban air pollution

Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic led to government interventions limit the spread of disease which are unprecedented in recent history; for example, stay at home orders sudden decreases atmospheric emissions from transportation sector. In this review article, current understanding influence emission reductions on pollutant concentrations and air quality is summarized nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), ammonia, sulfur dioxide, black carbon, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide (CO). first 7 months following onset pandemic, more than 200 papers were accepted by peer-reviewed journals utilizing observations ground-based satellite instruments. Only about one-third literature incorporates a specific method meteorological correction or normalization comparing data lockdown period with prior reference despite importance doing so interpretation results. We use stringency index (SI) as an indicator severity measures show how key pollutants change SI increases. observed decrease NO2 increasing general agreement inventories that account lockdown. Other compounds such O3, PM2.5, CO also broadly covered. Due chemistry O3 PM2.5 concentrations, their responses may not be linear respect primary pollutants. At most sites, we found increased, whereas decreased slightly, SI. Changes other understudied. highlight future research needs emerging sets preview state atmosphere world targeted permanent emissions. Finally, emphasize need effects meteorology, trends, when determining concentrations.

Language: Английский

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Air quality changes in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 742, P. 140496 - 140496

Published: June 25, 2020

Language: Английский

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Impact Assessment of COVID-19 on Variations of SO2, NO2, CO and AOD over East China

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 1530 - 1540

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) broke out in the late of 2019. On January 23 Wuhan, and later all other cities country, there were taken measures to control spread virus through quarantine measures. This article focused on East China attempted assess comprehensively environmental impact outbreak. study analyzed satellite observational data sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) aerosol optical depth (AOD) period before outbreak epidemic during implementation preventive COVID-19, as well compared it with obtained same results analysis showed that lockdown improved air quality short term, but soon coal consumption at power plants refineries returned normal levels due resumption their work, pollution previous level. CO NO2 most significant decrease (20 30%), since they mainly associated a economic growth transport restrictions led change energy reduction emissions. can complement scientific community protection policy makers, not only quality, also for its effectiveness simple alternative program action improve quality.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 Event on the Air Quality in Iran

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 1793 - 1804

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The first novel coronavirus case was confirmed in Iran mid-February 2020. This followed by the enforcement of lockdown to tackle this contagious disease. study aims examine potential effects COVID-19 on air quality Iran. From 21st March April 2019 and 2020, Data were gathered from 12 stations analyse six criteria pollutants, namely O3, NO2, SO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5. Due lack ground-level measurements, using satellite data equipped us assess changes during Iranian megacities, especially Tehran, i.e., capital In city, concentrations primary pollutants (SO2 5–28%, NO2 1–33%, CO 5–41%, PM10 1.4–30%) decreased with spatial variations. Although, still exceeded WHO daily limit levels for 31 days, four respectively. Conversely, O3 PM2.5 increased 0.5–103% 2–50%. terms national quality, SO2 while AOD lockdown. Unfavourable meteorological conditions hindered pollutant dispersion. Moreover, reductions height planetary boundary layer rainfall observed period. Despite adverse weather conditions, a decrease levels, confirms possible improvements

Language: Английский

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Air Quality Index, Indicatory Air Pollutants and Impact of COVID-19 Event on the Air Quality near Central China

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1204 - 1221

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Both the air quality index (AQI) and indicatory pollutants of Anqing, Hefei, Suzhou near central China from 2017 to 2019, impact COVID-19 epidemic prevention control actions on were investigated. The combined data for three cities 2019 indicated that lowest AQI (averaged 78.1) occurred in summer season, which proportions classes I, II, III, IV, V, VI 25.6%, 49.9%, 21.9%, 2.7%, 0%, respectively. highest (AQI average 112.6) was winter, 7.4%, 39.5%, 33.3%, 12.5%, 7.2%, 0.1%, PM2.5, PM10, NO2 order most important VI, all prevailed winter spring, while O3 pollutant summer. event, triggered global attention, broke out at end 2019. This study also investigated compared levels January March 2017–2019 with those 2020. results showed during February 2020, cities, ambient concentrations SO2, CO, 41.9 µg m–3, 50.1 2.18 ppb, 0.48 ppm, 8.97 46.5%, 48.9%, 52.5%, 36.2%, 52.8%, respectively, lower than same month 2017–2019, However, concentration (80.6 ppb) did not show significant fluctuations even slightly increased by 3.6%. is because a resulted constraints reaction NO + O3, so level could be effectively further reduced. In addition, this analyzed five daily AQIs 2020 cities. mean 5 days 122.6) 45.1% (averaging 223.2), always decreased 46.7% (from 173.6 92.6 m–3). It clear action periods, improved significantly.

Language: Английский

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Strategies for the sustainable development of China in the post‐epidemic era

Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 426 - 438

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Abstract Countries around the world are facing enormous challenges in their economic and social development as COVID‐19 continues to spread, resulting slower recovery post‐pandemic era. Considering impact of growth on future sustainable this new era, green (GER) can achieve a win‐win situation between environmental improvement bring forth environmentally growth. This research first lists related literature surveys GER policies era China. Based comparative study international experience policy practices, paper then analyzes opportunities China faces for puts forward countermeasures suggestions how promote its post‐epidemic We believe our presents useful enlightenments

Language: Английский

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Examining Effects of the COVID-19 National Lockdown on Ambient Air Quality across Urban India

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 1759 - 1771

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Lockdown seems the most effective way to prevent spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as no vaccine is currently available in market cure it. Thus, India has enforced nation-wide lockdown from 25th March lower this contagious virus and associated illness. This study aims quantify changes pollution levels well meteorology during 6-weeks COVID-19 over 17 cities for 5 major criteria pollutants using publicly air quality data. Hourly averaged data accessed monitoring stations immediate pre-lockdown periods also corresponding previous year (2019). During lockdown, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO reduced significantly with relatively small meteorological conditions compared period. The highest decline observed Ahmedabad (68%), Delhi (71%), Bangalore (87%), Nagpur (63%) CO, respectively. Northern region shows all days below NAAQS lockdown—86%, 68%, 100% 18%, 0%, 38% 2019 smaller Dewas Jorapokhar show lesser improvement only 3% 16% under PM2.5. SO2 least affected pollutant little improvement. 7–10 am pm hours day more than 40% reduction. are very heterogeneous showing a similar extent but have significantly. sharp concentration ~6 weeks period national can be attributed economic transport activities.

Language: Английский

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Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 115617 - 115617

Published: Sept. 8, 2020

Language: Английский

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