Emerging Pandemic Diseases: How We Got to COVID-19

Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 182(5), P. 1077 - 1092

Published: Aug. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

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Neutrophils and COVID-19: The road so far

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 107233 - 107233

Published: Nov. 30, 2020

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 and the Nervous System: From Clinical Features to Molecular Mechanisms

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(15), P. 5475 - 5475

Published: July 31, 2020

Increasing evidence suggests that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can also invade the central nervous system (CNS). However, findings available on its neurological manifestations and their pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been systematically addressed. A literature search complications reported in patients with COVID-19 until June 2020 produced a total of 23 studies. Overall, these papers report may exhibit wide range manifestations, including encephalopathy, encephalitis, seizures, cerebrovascular events, acute polyneuropathy, headache, hypogeusia, hyposmia, as well some non-specific symptoms. Whether features be an indirect unspecific consequence pulmonary disease or generalized inflammatory state CNS remains to determined; also, they rather reflect direct SARS-CoV-2-related neuronal damage. Hematogenous versus transsynaptic propagation, role angiotensin II converting enzyme receptor-2, spread across blood-brain barrier, impact hyperimmune response (the so-called “cytokine storm”), possibility virus persistence within resident cells are still debated. The different levels severity neurotropism neurovirulence might explained by combination viral host factors interaction.

Language: Английский

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Silencing of SARS‐CoV‐2 with modified siRNA‐peptide dendrimer formulation

Allergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(9), P. 2840 - 2854

Published: April 10, 2021

First vaccines for prevention of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are becoming available but there is a huge and unmet need specific forms treatment. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect siRNA both in vitro vivo.To identify most effective molecule out panel 15 silico designed siRNAs, an screening system based on vectors expressing SARS-CoV-2 genes fused with firefly luciferase reporter gene SARS-CoV-2-infected cells was used. The potent siRNA, siR-7, modified by Locked nucleic acids (LNAs) obtain siR-7-EM increased stability formulated peptide dendrimer KK-46 enhancing cellular uptake allow topical application inhalation final formulation - siR-7-EM/KK-46. Using Syrian Hamster model infection antiviral capacity siR-7-EM/KK-46 complex evaluated.We identified targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) as efficient inhibiting viral replication vitro. Moreover, showed that LNA-modification complexation enhanced siR-7 We demonstrated significant reduction virus titer lung inflammation animals exposed vivo.Thus, developed therapeutic strategy COVID-19 siRNA-peptide formulation. medication intended treatment patients.

Language: Английский

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Neutralization of SARS‐CoV‐2 requires antibodies against conformational receptor‐binding domain epitopes

Allergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 77(1), P. 230 - 242

Published: Aug. 28, 2021

Abstract Background The determinants of successful humoral immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are critical importance for design effective vaccines and evaluation degree protective immunity conferred by exposure virus. As novel variants emerge, understanding their likelihood suppression population antibody repertoires has become increasingly important. Methods In this study, we analyzed SARS‐CoV‐2 polyclonal in a large clinically well‐characterized patients after mild COVID‐19 using panel microarrayed structurally folded unfolded proteins, as well sequential peptides, spanning surface spike protein (S) receptor‐binding domain (RBD) Results S‐ RBD‐specific responses were dominated immunoglobulin G (IgG), mainly IgG 1 , directed against S RBD three distinct peptide epitopes S2. virus neutralization activity patients´ sera was highly correlated with antibodies specific conformational but not ability prevent binding its human receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE2). Twenty percent selectively lacked IgG. Only immunization folded, RBD, induced high virus‐neutralizing activity. Conformational required protection do seem be altered currently emerging variants. Conclusion These results fundamental estimating natural infection or vaccination vaccines, which can induce levels SARS‐CoV‐2–neutralizing conferring sterilizing immunity.

Language: Английский

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A Centenary Tale of Two Pandemics: The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and COVID-19, Part I

American Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 111(6), P. 1086 - 1094

Published: May 5, 2021

Separated by a century, the influenza pandemic of 1918 and COVID-19 2019–2021 are among most disastrous infectious disease emergences modern times. Although caused unrelated viruses, two pandemics nevertheless similar in their clinical, pathological, epidemiological features, civic, public health, medical responses to combat them. Comparing contrasting pandemics, we consider what lessons have learned over span century how applying those challenges COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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The existential risk space of climate change

Climatic Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 174(1-2)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Climate change is widely recognized as a major risk to societies and natural ecosystems but the high end of risk, i.e., where risks become existential, poorly framed, defined, analyzed in scientific literature. This gap at odds with fundamental relevance existential for humanity, it also limits ability communities engage emerging debates narratives about dimension climate that have recently gained considerable traction. paper intends address this by scoping defining related change. We first review context change, drawing on research fields global catastrophic risks, key so-called Reasons Concern reports Intergovernmental Panel Change. consider how are framed civil society movement well what can be learned respect from COVID-19 crisis. To better frame we propose define them those threaten existence subject, subject an individual person, community, or nation state humanity. The threat their defined two levels severity: conditions (1) survival (2) basic human needs. A third level, well-being, commonly not part space risks. Our definition covers range different scales, which leads us into further six analytical dimensions: physical social processes involved, systems affected, magnitude, spatial scale, timing, probability occurrence. In conclusion, suggest clearer more precise framing such offer here facilitates analysis societal political discourse action.

Language: Английский

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Predicting the evolution of the Lassa virus endemic area and population at risk over the next decades

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2022

Abstract Lassa fever is a severe viral hemorrhagic caused by zoonotic virus that repeatedly spills over to humans from its rodent reservoirs. It currently not known how climate and land use changes could affect the endemic area of this virus, limited parts West Africa. By exploring environmental data associated with occurrence using ecological niche modelling, we show temperature, precipitation presence pastures determine suitability for circulation. Based on projections climate, use, population changes, find regions in Central East Africa will likely become suitable next decades estimate total living conditions are circulation may drastically increase 2070. analysing geotagged genomes spatially-explicit phylogeography simulating dispersal, event being introduced into new region, spread might remain spatially first decades.

Language: Английский

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Averting wildlife-borne infectious disease epidemics requires a focus on socio-ecological drivers and a redesign of the global food system

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 101386 - 101386

Published: April 18, 2022

A debate has emerged over the potential socio-ecological drivers of wildlife-origin zoonotic disease outbreaks and emerging infectious (EID) events. This Review explores extent to which incidence outbreaks, are likely include devastating pandemics like HIV/AIDS COVID-19, may be linked excessive increasing rates tropical deforestation for agricultural food production wild meat hunting trade, further related contemporary ecological crises such as global warming mass species extinction. Here we explore a set precautionary responses zoonosis threat, including: (a) limiting human encroachment into wildlands by promoting transition diets low in livestock source foods; (b) containing trade curbing urban demand, while securing access indigenous people local communities remote subsistence areas; (c) improving biosecurity other strategies break transmission pathways at wildlife-human interface along animal supply chains.

Language: Английский

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A Truncated Multi-Thiol Aptamer-Based SARS-CoV-2 Electrochemical Biosensor: Towards Variant-Specific Point-of-Care Detection with Optimized Fabrication

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 24 - 24

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

With the goal of fast and accurate diagnosis infectious diseases, this study presents a novel electrochemical biosensor that employs refined aptamer (C9t) for detection spike (S) protein SARS-CoV-2 variants in flexible multielectrode aptasensor array with PoC capabilities. Two modifications were employed: removing primer binding sites including two dithiol phosphoramidite anchor molecules. Thus, reducing fabrication time from 24 to 3 h increasing stability sparseness multi-thiol aptasensors compared standard using single thiols, without reduction density. The fabrication, optimization, verified detail by electrochemistry, QCM-D, SPR, XPS. analyte-receptor was further confirmed spectroscopically at level individual molecules AFM-IR. possesses low limit (8.0 fg/mL), highest sensitivity reported S (209.5 signal per concentration decade), wide dynamic range fg/mL-38 ng/mL) nasopharyngeal samples, covering clinically relevant range. Furthermore, C9t showed high selectivity proteins over biomarkers MERS-CoV, RSV, Influenza. Even more, it three times higher Omicron comparison Wuhan strain (wild type), alpha, beta virus. Those results demonstrate creation an affordable variant-selective outperformed current rapid tests.

Language: Английский

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