Production of extremely low volatile organic compounds from biogenic emissions: Measured yields and atmospheric implications

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 112(23), P. 7123 - 7128

Published: May 26, 2015

Significance Extremely low volatility organic compounds (ELVOC) are suggested to promote aerosol particle formation and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) production in the atmosphere. We show that capability of biogenic VOC (BVOC) produce ELVOC depends strongly on their chemical structure relative oxidant levels. BVOC with an endocyclic double bond, representative emissions from, e.g., boreal forests, efficiently from ozonolysis. Compounds exocyclic bonds or acyclic including isoprene, emission tropics, minor quantities ELVOC, role OH radical oxidation is relatively larger. Implementing these findings into a global modeling framework shows detailed assessment pathways crucial for understanding secondary atmospheric CCN formation.

Language: Английский

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Global air quality and climate

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 41(19), P. 6663 - 6663

Published: Jan. 1, 2012

Emissions of air pollutants and their precursors determine regional quality can alter climate. Climate change perturb the long-range transport, chemical processing, local meteorology that influence pollution. We review implications projected changes in methane (CH(4)), ozone (O(3)), aerosols for climate (expressed terms radiative forcing metric or global surface temperature) hemispheric-to-continental scale quality. Reducing O(3) precursor CH(4) would slow near-term warming by decreasing both tropospheric O(3). Uncertainty remains as to net from anthropogenic nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions, which increase (warming) but also decrease (both cooling). Anthropogenic emissions carbon monoxide (CO) non-CH(4) volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) warm increasing CH(4). Radiative impacts secondary (SOA) are poorly understood. Black emission controls, reducing absorption sunlight atmosphere on snow ice, have potential warming, uncertainties coincident reflective (cooling) constrained cloud indirect effects confound robust estimates impacts. sulfate nitrate improve lessen interference with hydrologic cycle, lead warming. A holistic balanced view is thus needed assess how pollution controls climate; a first step towards this goal involves estimating individual sectors. Modeling observational analyses suggest degrades (increasing particulate matter) many populated regions, including during episodes. Prior Intergovernmental Panel Change (IPCC) scenarios (SRES) allowed unconstrained growth, whereas Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) assume uniformly an aggressive reduction, pollutant emissions. New current generation chemistry-climate models RCP project improved over next century relative those using IPCC SRES scenarios. These two sets projections likely bracket possible futures. find uncertainty emission-driven generally greater than climate-driven changes. Confidence limited reliability trajectories responses, feedbacks terrestrial biosphere, oxidation pathways affecting SOA.

Language: Английский

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Nitrate radicals and biogenic volatile organic compounds: oxidation, mechanisms, and organic aerosol

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 2103 - 2162

Published: Feb. 13, 2017

Oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) by the nitrate radical (NO3) represents one important interactions between anthropogenic emissions related to combustion and natural from biosphere. This interaction has been recognized for more than 3 decades, during which time a large body research emerged laboratory, field, modeling studies. NO3-BVOC reactions influence air quality, climate visibility through regional global budgets reactive nitrogen (particularly nitrates), ozone, aerosol. Despite its long history significance this topic in atmospheric chemistry, number uncertainties remain. These include an incomplete understanding rates, mechanisms, aerosol yields reactions, lack constraints on role heterogeneous oxidative processes associated with NO3 radical, difficulty characterizing spatial distributions BVOC within poorly mixed nocturnal atmosphere, challenge constructing appropriate boundary layer schemes non-photochemical mechanisms use state-of-the-art chemical transport chemistry-climate models. review is result workshop same title held at Georgia Institute Technology June 2015. The first half summarizes current literature particular focus recent advances instrumentation models, secondary (SOA) formation chemistry. Building understanding, second outlines impacts chemistry quality climate, suggests critical needs better constrain improve predictive capabilities

Language: Английский

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The AeroCom evaluation and intercomparison of organic aerosol in global models

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 10845 - 10895

Published: Oct. 15, 2014

Abstract. This paper evaluates the current status of global modeling organic aerosol (OA) in troposphere and analyzes differences between models as well observations. Thirty-one chemistry transport (CTMs) general circulation (GCMs) have participated this intercomparison, framework AeroCom phase II. The simulation OA varies greatly terms magnitude primary emissions, secondary (SOA) formation, number species used (2 to 62), complexity parameterizations (gas-particle partitioning, chemical aging, multiphase chemistry, microphysics), physical, optical properties. diversity results has increased since earlier experiments, mainly due increasing SOA parameterization models, implementation new, highly uncertain, sources. Diversity over one order exists modeled vertical distribution concentrations that deserves a dedicated future study. Furthermore, although / OC ratio depends on sources atmospheric processing, is important for model evaluation against observations, it resolved only by few models.

median (POA) source strength 56 Tg a⁻¹ (range 34–144 a⁻¹) (natural anthropogenic) 19 13–121 a⁻¹). Among take into account semi-volatile nature, calculated be 51 16–121 a⁻¹), much larger than value calculate more simplistic way (19 a⁻¹; range 13–20 a⁻¹, with at 37 burden 1.4 (24 0.6–2.0 4 2.0 3.8 Tg), lifetime 5.4 days 3.8–9.6 days). In reported both sulfate burdens, OA/sulfate 0.77; 13 lower 1, 9 higher 1. For 26 deposition fluxes, wet removal 70 28–209 which average 85% total deposition. Fine carbon (OC) observations from continuous monitoring networks individual field campaigns been evaluation. At urban locations, model–observation comparison indicates missing knowledge anthropogenic sources, seasonality. combined model–measurements analysis suggests existence levels during summer biogenic formation large areas USA can same POA, even contribute measured seasonal pattern. Global are able simulate high character observed atmosphere result POA amount present remains largely underestimated, mean normalized bias (MNB) equal −0.62 (−0.51) based data all surface, −0.15 (+0.51) when compared remote measurements, −0.30 marine locations data. temporal correlations across stations low measurements: 0.47 (0.52) stations, 0.39 (0.37) 0.25 combination (negative) MNB correlation sites about processes govern removal, top their stations. There no clear change skill regard or mass concentration. However, needed distinguish natural climate mitigation, impact accurately.

Language: Английский

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Chemistry and the Linkages between Air Quality and Climate Change

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 115(10), P. 3856 - 3897

Published: April 30, 2015

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTChemistry and the Linkages between Air Quality Climate ChangeErika von Schneidemesser*†, Paul S. Monks*‡, James D. Allan§∥, Lori Bruhwiler⊥, Piers Forster#, David Fowler∇, Axel Lauer†, William T. Morgan§, Pauli Paasonen○, Mattia Righi◆, Katerina Sindelarova¶□, Mark A. Sutton∇View Author Information† Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, 14467 Potsdam, Germany‡ Department of Chemistry, University Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom§ §School Earth, Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, ∥National Centre Science, Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Kingdom⊥ National Oceanic & Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80303, States# Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Kingdom∇ Ecology Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council, Edinburgh EH26 0QB, Kingdom○ Physics, Helsinki, 00100 Finland◆ Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut Physik der Atmosphäre, 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany¶ UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Université Versailles St-Quentin; CNRS/INSU; LATMOS-IPSL, UMR 8190 Paris, France□ Faculty Mathematics Charles University, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic*E-mail: [email protected]*E-mail: protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 10, 3856–3897Publication Date (Web):April 30, 2015Publication History Received10 February 2015Published online30 April inissue 27 May 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00089Copyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoicewith CC-BYlicenseArticle Views28841Altmetric-Citations260LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated to reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking on donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit (22 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Aerosols,Atmospheric chemistry,Climate,Particulate matter,Redox reactions e-Alerts

Language: Английский

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Aqueous Organic Chemistry in the Atmosphere: Sources and Chemical Processing of Organic Aerosols

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 49(3), P. 1237 - 1244

Published: Jan. 22, 2015

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeatureNEXTAqueous Organic Chemistry in the Atmosphere: Sources and Chemical Processing of AerosolsV. Faye McNeill*View Author Information Department Engineering, Columbia University, New York, York 10027, United States*Phone: (212) 854-2869; fax: 854-3054; e-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 3, 1237–1244Publication Date (Web):January 22, 2015Publication History Published online22 January 2015Published inissue 3 February 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es5043707https://doi.org/10.1021/es5043707newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Society. This publication is available under these Terms Use. Request reuse permissions free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views10948Altmetric-Citations304LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing article, calculated by Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking on donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence for given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail (1011 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Aerosols,Anions,Atmospheric chemistry,Volatile organic compounds,Water e-Alerts

Language: Английский

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Air Quality and Climate Connections

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(6), P. 645 - 685

Published: May 15, 2015

Multiple linkages connect air quality and climate change. Many pollutant sources also emit carbon dioxide (CO2), the dominant anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG). The two main contributors to non-attainment of U.S. ambient standards, ozone (O3) particulate matter (PM), interact with radiation, forcing PM warms by absorbing sunlight (e.g., black carbon) or cools scattering sulfates) interacts clouds; these radiative microphysical interactions can induce changes in precipitation regional circulation patterns. Climate change is expected degrade many polluted regions changing pollution meteorology (ventilation dilution), other removal processes, triggering some amplifying responses atmospheric chemistry natural sources. Together, processes shape distributions extreme episodes O3 PM. Global modeling indicates that as programs reduce SO2 meet health goals, near-term warming accelerates due "unmasking" induced rising CO2. Air controls on CH4, a potent GHG precursor global levels, high (BC) organic (OC) ratios could offset emission reductions, while reducing background regionally levels Lowering peak requires decreasing CO2, which for source categories would co-emitted pollutants their precursors. Model projections alternative scenarios indicate wide range surface fine PM, although may be confounded interannual decadal variability. Continued implementation NOx guards against triggered either growth. Improved accuracy trends inventories are critical accountability analyses historical projected mitigation policies.Implications: expansion policy protect provides an opportunity joint mitigation, CH4 prime target. BC reductions developing nations lower burden, BC-rich diesel) lessen warming. Controls emissions health-motivated sulfate (cooling). Wildfires, dust, increase warming, posing challenges implementing attaining standards. Accountability recent control strategies should underpin estimated benefits trade-offs future policies.

Language: Английский

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Optical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Their Changes by Chemical Processes

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 115(10), P. 4400 - 4439

Published: April 15, 2015

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTOptical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Their Changes by Chemical ProcessesTamar Moise, J. Michel Flores, Yinon Rudich*View Author Information Department Earth Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel*E-mail [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 10, 4400–4439Publication Date (Web):April 15, 2015Publication History Received16 September 2014Published online15 April 2015Published inissue 27 May 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr5005259https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5005259review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6013Altmetric-Citations291LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated to reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking on donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence for given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Aerosols,Optical properties,Quantum mechanics,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts

Language: Английский

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Secondary organic aerosol reduced by mixture of atmospheric vapours

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 565(7741), P. 587 - 593

Published: Jan. 30, 2019

Language: Английский

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Chemical composition, sources, and aging process of submicron aerosols in Beijing: Contrast between summer and winter

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 121(4), P. 1955 - 1977

Published: Jan. 23, 2016

Abstract To investigate the seasonal characteristics of submicron aerosol (PM 1 ) in Beijing urban areas, a high‐resolution time‐of‐flight aerosol‐mass‐spectrometer (HR‐ToF‐AMS) was utilized at an site summer (August to September 2011) and winter (November December 2010), coupled with multiple state art online instruments. The average mass concentrations PM (60–84 µg m −3 its chemical compositions different campaigns were relatively consistent recent years. In summer, daily variations stable repeatable. Eighty‐two percent concentration on composed secondary species, where 62% is inorganic 20% organic (SOA). winter, changed dramatically because meteorological conditions. high fraction (58%) primary species including (POA), black carbon, chloride indicates emissions usually played more important role winter. However, aqueous chemistry resulting efficient formation during occasional periods relative humidity may also contribute substantially haze Results past OA source apportionment studies show 45–67% 22–50% can be SOA. Based results, we found 45% POA 61% are from nonfossil sources, contributed by cooking both seasons biomass burning (BBOA) Cooking OA, accounting for 13–24% carbon all years should not neglected. fossil sources include hydrocarbon‐like vehicle coal combustion (CCOA) CCOA BBOA two main contributors (57% OA) highest (>100 POA/ΔCO ratios 11 16 ppm −1 , respectively, similar western cities. Higher OOA/O x (= NO 2 + O 3 ratio (0.49 ppb study than these cities (0.03–0.16 observed, which due reaction or extra SOA semivolatile compounds various (e.g., CCOA) Beijing. evolution oxygen (O/C) photochemical age allows estimate equivalent rate constant aging as k OH ~ 4.1 × 10 −12 cm molecule s same order obtained other anthropogenic influenced areas useful modeling.

Language: Английский

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