Advances in the Separation and Detection of Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced by Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in Laboratory-Generated and Ambient Aerosol DOI Creative Commons
Jeewani Meepage,

Josie Welker,

Claire M. Meyer

et al.

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(5), P. 365 - 375

Published: March 27, 2024

Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), a common ingredient in many personal care products (PCPs), undergoes oxidation the atmosphere, leading to formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Yet, specific contributions D5-derived SOA on ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have not been characterized. This study addresses this knowledge gap by introducing new analytical method advance molecular characterization oxidized D5 and its detection aerosol. The newly developed reversed phase liquid chromatography method, conjunction with high-resolution mass spectrometry, separates detects products, enabling insights into their isomeric composition. Application laboratory-generated urban PM2.5 New York City expands number observed informs list candidates track atmosphere. An series was which one or more methyl groups (C10H30O5Si5) is replaced hydroxyl group, indicates presence multistep PM2.5. Because specificity PCPs demonstrated detectability PM2.5, several are proposed as tracers for may prove useful assessing impact PCPs-derived

Language: Английский

Full-volatility emission framework corrects missing and underestimated secondary organic aerosol sources DOI Creative Commons
Xing Chang, Bin Zhao, Haotian Zheng

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 403 - 412

Published: April 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

120
Temperature-dependent emissions dominate aerosol and ozone formation in Los Angeles DOI
Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Caleb Arata, Qindan Zhu

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 384(6702), P. 1324 - 1329

Published: June 20, 2024

Despite declines in transportation emissions, urban North America and Europe still face unhealthy air pollution levels. This has challenged conventional understanding of the sources their volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors. Using airborne flux measurements to map emissions a wide range VOCs, we demonstrate that biogenic terpenoid contribute ~60% emitted VOC OH reactivity, ozone, secondary aerosol formation potential summertime Los Angeles this contribution strongly increases with temperature. implies control nitrogen oxides is key reducing ozone Angeles. We also show some anthropogenic increase temperature, which an effect not represented current inventories. Air mitigation efforts must consider climate warming will change emission amounts composition.

Language: Английский

Citations

38
Indoor Air Sources of Outdoor Air Pollution: Health Consequences, Policy, and Recommendations: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report DOI
Nicholas J. Nassikas, Meredith C. McCormack, Gary Ewart

et al.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 365 - 376

Published: March 1, 2024

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Volatile Chemical Product Enhancements to Criteria Pollutants in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Karl M. Seltzer, Benjamin N. Murphy, Elyse A. Pennington

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 56(11), P. 6905 - 6913

Published: Nov. 15, 2021

Volatile chemical products (VCPs) are a significant source of reactive organic carbon emissions in the United States with substantial fraction (>20% by mass) serving as secondary aerosol (SOA) precursors. Here, we incorporate new nationwide VCP inventory into Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model VCP-specific updates to better air quality impacts. Model results indicate that VCPs mostly enhance anthropogenic SOA densely populated areas population-weighted annual average increasing 15–30% Southern California and New York City due (contribution 0.2–0.5 μg m–3). Annually, total PM2.5 ∼5% California, ∼3% York, Jersey, Connecticut, 1–2% most other states. While maximum daily 8 h ozone enhancements from more modest, their influence can cause several ppb increase on select days major cities. Printing Inks, Cleaning Products, Paints Coatings product use categories contribute ∼75% modeled VCP-derived Coatings, Personal Care Products ∼81% ozone. Overall, multiple criteria pollutants throughout largest impacts urban cores.

Language: Английский

Citations

61
Linking gas, particulate, and toxic endpoints to air emissions in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) DOI Creative Commons
Havala O. T. Pye, Bryan K. Place, Benjamin N. Murphy

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 5043 - 5099

Published: May 4, 2023

Abstract. Chemical mechanisms describe the atmospheric transformations of organic and inorganic species connect air emissions to secondary such as ozone, fine particles, hazardous pollutants (HAPs) like formaldehyde. Recent advances in our understanding several chemical systems shifts drivers chemistry warrant updates used transport models Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. This work builds on Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism version 2 (RACM2) develops Multiphase (CRACMM) 1.0, which demonstrates a fully coupled representation leading ozone aerosol (SOA) with consideration HAPs. CRACMMv1.0 includes 178 gas-phase species, 51 particulate 508 reactions spanning heterogeneous pathways. To support estimation health risks associated HAPs, nine CRACMM cover 50 % total cancer 60 non-cancer emission-weighted toxicity estimated for primary HAPs from anthropogenic biomass burning sources US, coverage higher (> 80 %) when formaldehyde acrolein are considered. In addition, new mechanism were added based importance their aerosol, or burden reactive carbon (ROC): sesquiterpenes, furans, propylene glycol, alkane-like low- intermediate-volatility compounds (9 species), oxygenated (16 aromatic hydrocarbons (2 slowly reacting carbon. Intermediate- lower-volatility increase ROC by 40 compared current operational mechanisms. Autoxidation, reaction particularly effective producing SOA, was C10 larger alkanes, hydrocarbons, monoterpene including second-generation aldehydes. Integrating radical SOA put additional constraints both enabled implementation previously unconsidered pathways phenolic furanone compounds, predicted account ∼ 30 hydrocarbon under typical conditions. found span atmospherically relevant range number, number oxygens per carbon, oxidation state slight high bias hydrogens total, 11 emitted implemented precursors CMAQv5.3.3 representations, resulting bottom-up prediction is required accurate source attribution design control strategies. available CMAQv5.4.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Policy-Related Gains in Urban Air Quality May Be Offset by Increased Emissions in a Warming Climate DOI Creative Commons
Cong Cao, Drew R. Gentner, R. Commane

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(26), P. 9683 - 9692

Published: June 16, 2023

Air quality policies have made substantial gains by reducing pollutant emissions from the transportation sector. In March 2020, New York City's activities were severely curtailed in response to COVID-19 pandemic, resulting 60–90% reductions human activity. We continuously measured major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during January–April 2020 and 2021 Manhattan. Concentrations of many VOCs decreased significantly shutdown with variations daily patterns reflective activity perturbations, a temporary ∼28% reduction chemical reactivity. However, limited effect these dramatic measures was outweighed larger increases VOC-related reactivity anomalously warm spring 2021. This emphasizes diminishing returns transportation-focused alone risk increased temperature-dependent undermining policy-related warming climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Increasing Contributions of Temperature-Dependent Oxygenated Organic Aerosol to Summertime Particulate Matter in New York City DOI Creative Commons
Tori Hass‐Mitchell, Taekyu Joo, Mitchell Rogers

et al.

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(2), P. 113 - 128

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

As part of the summer 2022 NYC-METS (New York City metropolitan Measurements Emissions and TransformationS) campaign ASCENT (Atmospheric Science Chemistry mEasurement NeTwork) observational network, speciated particulate matter was measured in real time Manhattan Queens, NY, with additional gas-phase measurements. Largely due to observed reductions inorganic sulfate aerosol components over 21st century, summertime composition NYC has become predominantly organic (80-83%). Organic source apportionment via positive matrix factorization showed that this is dominated by secondary production as oxygenated (OOA) factors comprised 73-76% OA. Primary factors, including cooking-related (COA) hydrocarbon-like (HOA) minor fractions OA, only 13-15% 10-11%, respectively. The two sites presented considerable spatiotemporal variations OA factor concentrations despite similar average PM

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Interpreting hourly mass concentrations of PM2.5 chemical components with an optimal deep-learning model DOI
Hongyi Li, Ting Yang, Yiming Du

et al.

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 125 - 139

Published: March 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Speciated Emissions of Gaseous Intermediate-Volatility and Semivolatile Organic Compounds (I/SVOCs) during Petrochemical Production and Their Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation Potential (SOAFP) DOI
Guanghan Huang, Shuxiao Wang, Xiao He

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

The petrochemical industry is a significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions, with critical implications for air quality and environmental health. However, the emission characteristics intermediate-volatility semivolatile (I/SVOCs) their role in secondary aerosol (SOA) formation remain unclear. In this study, nonmethane gas (NMOG) emissions from various processes were analyzed using two-dimensional chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToF-MS) novel semiquantitative methodology based on carbon number functional group. Results showed variations NMOG factors (EFs) chemical speciation profiles, isophthalic acid production process being highest (43.5 ± 30.9 g/t) phenol acetone lowest (2.1 0.7 g/t). Notably, I/SVOCs constituted 82.2% process. Oxygen-containing dominant species all tested processes, accounting 55.0%–76.6% emissions. addition, contribution to SOA potential (SOAFP) ranged 75.8% 96.9%, oxygenated aromatics key contributors. This study highlights significance provides new insights into direction control at both levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Ozone Loss: A Surrogate for the Indoor Concentration of Ozone-Derived Products DOI
Charles J. Weschler, William W. Nazaroff

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(36), P. 13569 - 13578

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Ozone concentrations tend to be substantially lower indoors than outdoors, largely because of ozone reactions with indoor surfaces. When there are no sources ozone, a common condition, the net concentration gaseous products derived from chemistry scales linearly difference between outdoor and concentrations, termed "ozone loss." As such, loss is metric that might used by epidemiologists disentangle adverse health effects ozone's oxidation those exposure itself. The present paper examines characteristics, potential utility, limitations concept. We show for commonly occurring conditions, directly proportional total rate constant removal on surfaces (ksum) inversely air exchange (λ) plus surface (ksum). It follows ratio equal λ ksum. promising probing resulting exposures chemistry. Notwithstanding its virtues, practitioners using it should mindful discussed in this paper.

Language: Английский

Citations

17