Reply on RC2 DOI Creative Commons
Feng Jiang

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract. Indole (ind) is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic volatile organic compound commonly emitted from animal husbandry and different plants like maize with global emissions of 0.1 Tg y-1. The chemical composition optical properties indole secondary aerosol (SOA) brown carbon (BrC) are still not well understood. To address this, environmental chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the oxidation at atmospherically relevant concentrations selected oxidants (OH radicals O3) with/without NO2. In presence NO2, SOA yields decreased by more than factor two but mass absorption coefficient 365 nm (MAC365) ind-SOA was 4.3 ± 0.4 m2 g-1, which 5 times higher that in without C8H6N2O2 (identified as 3-nitroindole) contributed 76 % all compounds detected ionization spectrometer, contributing ~50 light (Abs365). absence dominating chromophore C8H7O3N 20–30 Abs365. contributes substantially formation BrC its potential impact on atmospheric radiative transfer further enhanced it significantly increases specific facilitating 3-nitroindole. This work provides new insights into an important process interaction pollutants, NO2 indole, mainly anthropogenic activities.

Language: Английский

Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole DOI Creative Commons
Feng Jiang,

Kyla N. Siemens,

Claudia Linke

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 2639 - 2649

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract. Indole (ind) is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic volatile organic compound commonly emitted from animal husbandry and different plants like maize with global emissions of 0.1 Tg yr−1. The chemical composition optical properties indole secondary aerosol (SOA) brown carbon (BrC) are still not well understood. To address this, environmental chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the oxidation at atmospherically relevant concentrations selected oxidants (OH radicals O3) or without NO2. In presence NO2, SOA yields decreased by more than factor 2, but mass absorption coefficient 365 nm (MAC365) ind-SOA was 4.3 ± 0.4 m2 g−1, which 5 times higher that in C8H6N2O2 (identified as 3-nitroindole) contributed 76 % all compounds detected ionization spectrometer, contributing ∼ 50 light (Abs365). absence dominating chromophore C8H7O3N, 20 %–30 Abs365. contributes substantially formation BrC its potential impact on atmospheric radiative transfer further enhanced it significantly increases specific facilitating 3-nitroindole. This work provides new insights into an important process interaction two pollutants, NO2 indole, mainly anthropogenic activities.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Variations in optical properties of water- and methanol-soluble organic carbon in PM2.5 in Tianjin and Handan over the Wintertime of 2018–2020 DOI
Haibiao Chen,

Ruizhi Zhou,

Fang Li

et al.

Atmospheric Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 303, P. 107332 - 107332

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Measurement report: Brown carbon aerosol in rural Germany – sources, chemistry, and diurnal variations DOI Creative Commons
Feng Jiang, Harald Saathoff,

Uzoamaka Virginia Ezenobi

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1917 - 1930

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Abstract. Brown carbon aerosol (BrC) is a major contributor to atmospheric air pollution in Europe, especially winter. Therefore, we studied the chemical composition, diurnal variation, and sources of BrC from 17 February 16 March 2021 at rural location southwest Germany. In total, 178 potential molecules (including 7 nitro aromatic compounds, NACs) were identified particle phase comprising on average 83 ± 44 ng m−3, 31 4 gas contributing 8.5 6.7 m−3 during whole campaign. The light absorption seven NACs was 0.2 Mm−1, 2.2 2.1 % total 370 nm. addition, variations show that gas-phase higher daytime lower night. It mainly controlled by secondary formation (e.g. photooxidation) particle-to-gas partitioning. Correspondingly, particle-phase Secondary dominates with 61 21 %, while 39 originated biomass burning. Furthermore, showed decreasing due photochemical ageing. This study extends current understanding real-time behaviours brown characteristic central Europe.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Seasonal changes in water-soluble brown carbon (BrC) at Nanling background station in South China DOI Creative Commons
Bolong Zhang, Jiao Tang, Xiaofei Geng

et al.

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Brown carbon (BrC) is an important light-absorbing component of organic (OC), causing large uncertainty in aerosol radiative forcing evaluation and being related to health issues as well. Knowledge BrC atmospheric background station beneficial understand its role a changing climate. A year-long sampling campaign was conducted at Nanling get comprehensive knowledge WS-BrC, total seventy-two PM 2.5 samples throughout year were used. Light absorption fluorescence spectra WSOC analyzed synchronously using spectrophotometer. The low levels , OC, elemental (EC) conferred site. optical properties WS-BrC characterized excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy. made significant contribution (365 nm, 18% ± 10%) carbonaceous absorption. mass efficiency (MAE) 0.81 0.34 m 2 gC –1 varies among seasons due the different sources or processing. Three EEM fluorescent components identified by parallel factor (PAFAFAC) analysis, including two humic-like substances (HULIS, C1, C2), one phenolic-like component. HULIS accounted for approximately 70% intensities. Primary combustion emissions showed enhanced activity during winter spring seasons, but there no influences on spring. Secondary contributed significantly winter, summer, autumn (all exceeding 50%), except Photooxidation process formation secondary autumn, may be another pathway i.e., ammonia pathway. This study contributes our understanding atmosphere.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Measurement report: Optical and structural properties of atmospheric water-soluble organic carbon in China – insights from multi-site spectroscopic measurements DOI Creative Commons
Haibiao Chen, Caiqing Yan,

Liubin Huang

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3647 - 3667

Published: March 27, 2025

Abstract. To understand the spatial variation of optical and structural properties water-soluble brown carbon its influencing factors in China, light absorption, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum organic (WSOC) different regions China are measured following same analytical methods. The average absorption coefficients mass efficiencies WSOC at 365 nm (Abs365 MAE365) rank from high to low as northwest > southwest north east regional site, with higher values northern than southern sites inland areas coastal areas. resolved by spectra-based positive matrix factorization model abundance aromatic O−H C=C functional groups determined FTIR both indicate that compounds significant light-absorbing substances have a impact on fluorophores. Multiple linear regression analysis shows fluorophores identified fluorescence spectra combined parallel factor (PARAFAC) contribute about 62 %–93 % all sites, which humic-like substance (HULIS) contributes most, especially highly oxygenated HULIS (29 %–50 %) long emission wavelengths. Combustion source emissions atmospheric chemical processes impacts some sites. Moreover, relative humidity (RH) can also affect MAE365 WSOC, decreasing increase RH when RH<60 remaining relatively unchanged RH>60 %. Taken together, this study promotes better understanding heterogeneity their China.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Optical source apportionment of aqueous brown carbon (BrC) on a daytime and nighttime basis in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and insights from 13C and 15N isotopic signatures DOI Creative Commons

Supriya Dey,

Pronoy Ghosh,

Prashant Rawat

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 894, P. 164872 - 164872

Published: June 19, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Molecular Characterization and Photoreactivity of Organic Aerosols Formed from Pyrolysis of Urban Materials during Fires at the Wildland–Urban Interface DOI Creative Commons
Katherine S. Hopstock, Qiaorong Xie,

Michael A. Alvarado

et al.

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(11), P. 1495 - 1506

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Fires at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are increasing in magnitude and frequency, emitting organic aerosol (OA) with unknown composition atmospheric impacts. In this study, we investigated chemical of OA produced through 600 °C pyrolysis ten urban materials nitrogen, which were subsequently aged under UV light for 2 h. The analysis utilized ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation, coupled a photodiode array (PDA) detector high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) molecular characterization. Hierarchical clustering demonstrated that lumber-derived was most diverse distinct composition. Unaged (for each material) did not significantly differ identities. Potential aromatic brown carbon (BrC) chromophores (based on their degree unsaturation) constituted 13-42% all assigned compounds. PDA chromatograms revealed multiple BrC chromophoric species either enhanced or degraded as result aging, providing insights into specific responsible photobleaching photoenhancement overall absorption coefficient. Thirty-six identified across types, structures confirmed using reference standards. Components plasticizers resins, such phthalic terephthalic acids, structurally samples. We present potential WUI fires components epoxies, dyes, adhesives commonly used manufacturing materials. Photolysis impact emitted from burning

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Variability in molecular composition and optical absorption of atmospheric brown carbon aerosols in two contrasting urban areas of China DOI
Yue Lin, Yuemei Han, Guohui Li

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 926, P. 171820 - 171820

Published: March 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Enhanced light absorption by ambient brown carbon aerosols in the eastern Himalayas DOI Creative Commons

B.S. Arun,

Mukunda M. Gogoi, Dhananjay K. Deshmukh

et al.

Environmental Science Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study investigates the light absorption properties of organic aerosols in PM 10 collected at a high-altitude location (2700 m a.s.l.) eastern Himalayas from March 2019 to February 2020.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Molecular Analysis of Secondary Organic Aerosol and Brown Carbon from the Oxidation of Indole DOI Creative Commons
Feng Jiang, Kyla Siemens,

Claudia Linke

et al.

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Abstract. Indole (ind) is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic volatile organic compound commonly emitted from animal husbandry and different plants like maize with global emissions of 0.1 Tg y-1. The chemical composition optical properties indole secondary aerosol (SOA) brown carbon (BrC) are still not well understood. To address this, environmental chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the oxidation at atmospherically relevant concentrations selected oxidants (OH radicals O3) with/without NO2. In presence NO2, SOA yields decreased by more than factor two but mass absorption coefficient 365 nm (MAC365) ind-SOA was 4.3 ± 0.4 m2 g-1, which 5 times higher that in without C8H6N2O2 (identified as 3-nitroindole) contributed 76 % all compounds detected ionization spectrometer, contributing ~50 light (Abs365). absence dominating chromophore C8H7O3N 20–30 Abs365. contributes substantially formation BrC its potential impact on atmospheric radiative transfer further enhanced it significantly increases specific facilitating 3-nitroindole. This work provides new insights into an important process interaction pollutants, NO2 indole, mainly anthropogenic activities.

Language: Английский

Citations

2