Emissions and Atmospheric Chemistry of Furanoids from Biomass Burning: Insights from Laboratory to Atmospheric Observations

ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 857 - 899

Published: April 8, 2024

Furanoids are a class of reactive volatile organic compounds that major products from the pyrolysis and combustion biomass polymers, including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin. Biomass burning is an atmospheric source furanoids increasing in frequency intensity throughout regions world. Once emitted to atmosphere, may react with oxidants form secondary pollutants hazardous human health, ozone (O3) aerosol (SOA). This review comprehensive assessment literature between 1977 present describing emissions fate wild, prescribed, domestic fires. The organized by presenting physical properties key first, followed summary biopolymer reactions lead furanoid formation. Next, factors compiled across typical fuels consumed highlight species smoke. We next available kinetic degradation mechanism data characterize reaction rates, gas-phase products, SOA formed as result OH, NO3, O3, Cl radicals. then describe studies have focused on evaluating chemistry their impacts air quality using combination field observations model simulations. conclude perspective identifies future research directions would address gaps improve understanding processes.

Language: Английский

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Rate Coefficients for the Gas-Phase Reactions of Nitrate Radicals with a Series of Furan Compounds

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 126(46), P. 8674 - 8681

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

The atmospheric reaction of a series furan compounds (furan (F), 2-methylfuran (2-MF), 3-methylfuran (3-MF), 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF), and 2,3,5-trimethylfuran (2,3,5-TMF)) with nitrate radical (NO3) has been investigated using the relative rate kinetic method in CHamber for Atmospheric Reactivity Metrology Environment (CHARME) simulation chamber at laboratoire de Physico-Chimie l'Atmosphere (LPCA) laboratory (Dunkerque, France). experiments were performed (294 ± 2) K pressure under dry conditions (relative humidity, RH < 2%) proton transfer mass reaction–time flight–mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) chemical analysis. following coefficients (in units cm3 molecule–1 s–1) determined: furan, k(F) = (1.51 0.38) × 10–12, 2-methylfuran, k(2-MF) (1.91 0.32) 10–11, 3-methylfuran, k(3-MF) (1.49 0.33) 2,5-dimethylfuran, k(2,5-DMF) (5.82 1.21) 2,3,5-trimethylfuran, k(2,3,5-TMF) (1.66 0.69) 10–10. uncertainty on measured coefficient (ΔkFC) includes both measurement that reference molecule. To our knowledge, this work represents first determination 2,3,5-TMF NO3. This shows between methylated is dominant removal pathway during night lifetimes 0.5 55 min studied molecules.

Language: Английский

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In vitro assessment of aryl hydrocarbon, estrogen, and androgen receptor-mediated activities of secondary organic aerosols formed from the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and furans

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121220 - 121220

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Biomass burning constitutes a significant source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere, particularly during winter due to residential wood heating. This also emits substantial quantities volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, leading through (photo-)chemical physical processes, formation secondary aerosols (SOAs), accounting for fraction PM2.5. The current understanding biological effects SOA resulting from oxidation major gaseous precursors emitted by biomass (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols, furans) is still limited. Mechanism-based vitro cellular bioassays targeting toxicologically relevant modes action have proven valuable assessing quantifying overall activity complex mixtures like SOA, thereby revealing presence compounds. main objective this study was investigate, using battery mechanism-based bioassays, aryl hydrocarbon (AhR), estrogen (ER), androgen receptor (AR)-mediated activities laboratory-generated four PAHs three furans. produced an flow reactor (OFR) under either daytime (OH radicals) or nighttime (NO3 conditions. Furan-derived did not exhibit any with targeted endpoints. PAH-derived formed AhR weakly inactive PAHs, showed AhR-mediated activities. Notably, naphthalene acenaphthylene + acenaphthene demonstrated highest activation potency, greater observed NO3 radical oxidation. No endocrine-disrupting similar individual parent (with exception fluorene phenanthrene which were weekly anti-androgenic). These findings underscore contribution PM.

Language: Английский

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Gas-Phase Oxidation of Guaiacol by NO₃ Radicals: Kinetic Measurements and Implications

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Spectroscopic properties and anharmonic force field of furan (C4H4O) and methylfuran (C5H6O): A DFT study

Chemical Physics Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 142121 - 142121

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Nitrate Radical Levels and Pre-Existing Particles on Secondary Brown Carbon Formation from Nighttime Oxidation of Furan

ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 2709 - 2721

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Furans are predominant heterocyclic volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere from both primary and secondary sources, such as direct emissions wildfires atmospheric oxidation of dienes. The formation aerosols (SOAs) furans has been reported. Previous research shown that furan SOA generated nighttime contributes to brown carbon (BrC) formation; however, how oxidant levels [represented by nitrate radical (NO3) levels] pre-existing particles influence chemical composition BrC optical properties is not well constrained. In this study, we conducted chamber experiments systematically investigate role these two environmental factors furan-derived during nighttime. Our results suggest bulk compositions measured ion fragment families an aerosol mass spectrometer unaffected changes NO3 but can be influenced presence ammonium sulfate particles. Based on absorption coefficient profiles produced under different experimental conditions, light was enhanced higher reduced seed particles, suggesting NO3-initiated promote light-absorbing products, while may facilitate partitioning nonabsorbing organics phase. Furthermore, molecular-level compositional analysis reveals a similar pattern chromophores various studied which highly oxygenated monomers (e.g., C4H4O6 C4H3NO7), dimers, oligomers all contribute chromophores. Taken together, altering compositions, critical for assessing complex environment.

Language: Английский

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Insights into secondary organic aerosol formation from the day- and nighttime oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and furans in an oxidation flow reactor

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 15077 - 15096

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) formed by oxidation of typical precursors largely emitted biomass burning, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and furans, are still poorly characterized. We evaluated compared the formation yields, effective density (ρeff), absorption Ångström exponent (α), mass coefficient (MAC) laboratory-generated SOAs from three furan compounds four PAHs. were generated in an flow reactor under day- (OH radicals) or nighttime (NO3 conditions. The ρeff, α, MAC varied depending on precursor oxidant considered. ρeff with OH NO3 tended to increase particle size before reaching a “plateau”, highlighting potential differences SOA chemical composition and/or morphology, according size. Three times lower yields obtained OH. PAH (18 %–76 %) five six higher than those for furans (3 %–12 %). While showed low negligible light properties, had significant impact UV–visible region, implying contribution atmospheric brown carbon. No values was observed processes, probably due nitrogen-containing chromophores only (without NOx). results demonstrated that PAHs through both, have substantial aerosol properties.

Language: Английский

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Simulated temperatures of forest fires affect water solubility in soil and litter

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 110236 - 110236

Published: April 23, 2023

As wildfires are of increasing concern in a warming world, there is need to understand how fire temperatures affect solute concentrations forest litter and soils drinking water catchments. In addition, the expected be affected by time since previous fire. We sampled soil from recently (2 months) less (4.5 years) burnt sites jarrah SW Australia. The samples were heated at 250°C, 350°C, 500°C for 30min followed leaching determine compositions these unburnt samples. At 250°C–350°C, we found increased manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO43-), ammonia (NH4+), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), mangesium (Mg), cobalt (Co), barium (Ba), sulphate (SO42-), alkalinity dissolved organic carbon soils, as well zinc (Zn), As, Ca, Ba, alkalinity, aluminium (Al) chromium (Cr) litter. 350°C–500°C, divalent cations declined, while generated very high Al Cr concentrations. following was important, with more recent generating higher elevated 250°C–350°C attributed decomposition matter mineral transformations, including CaCO3 formation. Based on thermodynamics, propose couple burn severity indicators: activities carbonates that calculated pH, Ca concentration. indicators do not only show degree post-fire but they also inform Further studies include: (1) application field data, (2) association contaminants, (3) validation other geographical locations.

Language: Английский

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Characterization and dark oxidation of the emissions of a pellet stove

Environmental Science Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(9), P. 1319 - 1334

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Pellet combustion in residential heating stoves has increased globally during the last decade. Despite their high efficiency, widespread use of pellet is expected to adversely impact air quality. The atmospheric aging emissions received even less attention, focusing mainly on daytime conditions, while degree which undergo night-time as well role relative humidity remain poorly understood. In this study, environmental simulation chamber experiments were performed characterize fresh and aged organic aerosol (OA) emitted by a stove. stove PM1 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter than 1 μm) consisted OA (93 ± 4%, mean standard deviation) black carbon (5 3%). primary (POA) oxygen-to-carbon ratio (O : C) was 0.58 0.04, higher that logwood emissions. at concentration 70 μg m-3 (after dilution equilibration chamber) semi-volatile (68%), low extremely volatility (16%) intermediate-volatility compounds. oxidation under dark conditions investigated injecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2) ozone (O3) into chamber, different (10-80%) (RH) levels. all secondary (SOA) formation observed, increasing levels after few hours exposure NO3 radicals. change composition extent depended RH. For RH, SOA mass formed up 30% initial OA, accompanied moderate both O C (7-8% increase) spectrum. Aging RH (60-80%) led more oxygenated (increase 11-18%), but only minor (1-10%) increase mass. indicates importance heterogeneous aqueous reactions system, oxidize original relatively small net These results show can chemically evolve photochemical activity (e.g. wintertime period) important enhancement certain conditions.

Language: Английский

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Products and yields for the NO3 radical initiated atmospheric degradation of 2-methylfuran (2-MF, CH3–C4H3O)

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 319, P. 120276 - 120276

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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