Quaternary Nucleation of Iodine and Sulfur Oxoacids in the Marine Atmosphere: Unexpected Role of Methanesulfonic Acid

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(8)

Published: April 17, 2025

Abstract Sulfuric acid (SA), methanesulfonic (MSA), iodic (HIO 3 ), and iodous 2 ) are identified as key nucleation precursors can coexist in the marine atmosphere. Here, we investigated potential SA‐MSA‐HIO ‐HIO quaternary mechanism by exploring formation of (SA) w (MSA) x y z (0 ≤ + 3, 1 3) clusters with quantum chemical calculation kinetics modelling. The results indicate that effectively nucleate under atmospheric conditions. rate is up to 7 orders magnitude higher than SA/MSA‐HIO , ternary mechanisms, SA/MSA/HIO binary mechanisms at some specific mainly driven acid‐base reaction base) halogen bonds besides hydrogen bonds, three acids showing both competitive cooperative roles. More importantly, it was found contribution MSA aerosol comparable SA equal concentrations. unexpectedly high attributed its halogen‐bonding capacity SA. This study highlights need consider multicomponent atmosphere for accurate climate projections, may serve important proof weak even coexisting

Language: Английский

Pan-Arctic methanesulfonic acid aerosol: source regions, atmospheric drivers, and future projections

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 13, 2024

Abstract Natural aerosols are an important, yet understudied, part of the Arctic climate system. marine biogenic aerosol components (e.g., methanesulfonic acid, MSA) becoming increasingly important due to changing environmental conditions. In this study, we combine in situ observations with atmospheric transport modeling and meteorological reanalysis data a data-driven framework aim (1) identify seasonal cycles source regions MSA, (2) elucidate relationships between MSA variables, (3) project response based on trends extrapolated from variables determine which contributing these projected changes. We have identified main areas be Atlantic Pacific sectors Arctic. Using gradient-boosted trees, were able explain 84% variance find that most for indirectly related either gas- or aqueous-phase oxidation dimethyl sulfide (DMS): shortwave longwave downwelling radiation, temperature, low cloud cover. undergo shift, non-monotonic decreases April/May increases June-September, over next 50 years. Different different months driving changes, highlighting complexity influences natural component. Although oceanic (sea surface DMS emissions, sea ice) precipitation remains seen, here show will likely shift solely changes variables.

Language: Английский

Atmospheric Bases-Enhanced Iodic Acid Nucleation: Altitude-Dependent Characteristics and Molecular Mechanisms

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Iodic acid (IA), the key driver of marine aerosols, is widely detected within gas and particle phases in boundary layer (MBL) even free troposphere (FT). Although atmospheric bases like dimethylamine (DMA) ammonia (NH

Language: Английский