Trade-offs in biodiversity and ecosystem services between edges and interiors in European forests

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 880 - 887

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

---

A female woolly mammoth’s lifetime movements end in an ancient Alaskan hunter-gatherer camp

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Woolly mammoths in mainland Alaska overlapped with the region's first people for at least a millennium. However, it is unclear how used space shared people. Here, we use detailed isotopic analyses of female mammoth tusk found 14,000-year-old archaeological site to show that she moved ~1000 kilometers from northwestern Canada inhabit an area highest density early sites interior until her death. DNA and other local contemporaneous remains revealed multiple herds congregated this region. Early Alaskans seem have structured their settlements partly based on prevalence made raw materials likely food.

Language: Английский

---

Simulating past and future fire impacts on Mediterranean ecosystems

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(5), P. 954 - 970

Published: March 31, 2024

Abstract Worldwide, large wildfires are becoming increasingly common, leading to economic damages and threatening ecosystems human health. Under future climate change, more frequent fire disturbance may push into non‐forested alternative stable states. Fire‐prone such as those in the Mediterranean Basin expected be particularly vulnerable, but position of tipping points is unclear. We compare long‐term palaeoecological data from Sardinia with output a process‐based dynamic vegetation model investigate mechanisms controlling complex interactions between fire, climate, past future. Our results show that changes Erica ‐shrublands mixed evergreen‐broadleaved Quercus ilex ‐dominated forests were driven by climate‐induced regime shift. By simulating dynamics under varying regimes, we could reproduce Holocene trajectories mechanistically identify points. Without an immediate reduction greenhouse gas emissions, simulate expansion fire‐prone maquis increasing occurrence. Similarly, high anthropogenic ignition frequencies plantations non‐native, highly flammable trees induce shift fire‐adapted shrublands. However, our simulations indicate if global warming can kept below 2°C, will able persist effectively reduce occurrences impacts, making them valuable restoration target ecosystems. Synthesis . combining records ecosystem change model, climate‐driven shifts main driver creating states persisted over centuries. Projected exceeding variability leads pronounced increased risks simulations, requiring new management strategies maintain current services.

Language: Английский

---

Uncovering Holocene climate fluctuations and ancient conifer populations: Insights from a high-resolution multi-proxy record from Northern Finland

Global and Planetary Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 104462 - 104462

Published: May 8, 2024

A series of abrupt climate events linked to circum-North Atlantic meltwater forcing have been recognised in Holocene paleoclimate data. To address the paucity proxy records able characterise robustly regional impacts these events, we retrieved a sub-centennial resolution, well-dated core sequence from Lake Kuutsjärvi, northeast Finland. By analysing range paleo-environmental proxies (pollen, plant sedimentary ancient DNA, macrofossils, conifer stomata, and non-pollen palynomorphs), supported with proxy-based paleotemperature moisture reconstructions, unravel well-defined vegetation dynamics over early-to-middle Holocene. The birch-dominated pioneer stage was intersected by two transient tree-cover decrease at 10.4 10.1 thousand years ago (ka), likely representing two-pronged signal 10.3 ka event. Our data also show clear 8.2 event, previously not well recorded European Arctic, collapse pine-birch forest replacement juniper developing tight synchrony Greenland isotopic 8.4–8.0 ka. Supported modelling, severe winter cooling rather than summer might driving disruptions early Kuutsjärvi indicate an arrival Norway spruce (Picea abies) 9.2 stoma finds), as first evidence for presence larch (Larix) Finland, pollen finds dating 9.6–5.9

Language: Английский

---

Climate-driven habitat shifts of high-ranked prey species structure Late Upper Paleolithic hunting

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Changing climates in the past affected both human and faunal population distributions, thereby structuring diets, demography, cultural evolution. Yet, separating effects of climate-driven human-induced changes prey species abundances remains challenging, particularly during Late Upper Paleolithic, a period marked by rapid climate change ecosystem transformation. To disentangle hunter-gatherer populations on animal period, we synthesize disparate paleoclimate records, zooarchaeological data, archaeological data using ecological methods theory to test what extent anthropogenic impacts drove broad subsistence observed Paleolithic records. We find that assemblages European are consistent with habitat shifts impacting natural high-ranked landscape rather than resource depression. The study has important implications for understanding how impacted structured diet demography can serve as baseline considerations resilience adaptation present.

Language: Английский

---

Data-driven urban configuration optimization: An XGBoost-based approach for mitigating flood susceptibility and enhancing economic contribution

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 112247 - 112247

Published: June 18, 2024

The indiscriminate evolution of urban configurations aggravates flood vulnerabilities, threatening sustainable expansion. Present methodologies fall short in supplying planners with mitigative strategies centered on configuration facets. Leveraging the power XGBoost algorithm, this study posits an advanced optimization schema, adroitly balancing dual objectives mitigating flooding and enhancing economic growth, minimal disruption to established layouts. Shenzhen serves as investigative ground, where model displays exceptional accuracy, resilience, interpretability predicting Pluvial Flooding Susceptibility (PFS) Economic Contribution (EC). Model interpretation divulges profound influence three-dimensional elements, primarily Building Congestion Degree, PFS EC. Pareto solution exploration for multi-objective unveils ideal interval. To minimize while maximizing EC, research suggests pertinent measures: augmenting vegetation density, regulating impervious coverage ratio within 50–70%, limiting two- building density thresholds, moderately escalating drainage network density. Additionally, it encourages a comprehensive appreciation function-oriented land usage intrinsic site topographical characteristics reconcile varied development goals during planning. By fusing data-derived insights optimization, anticipates influencing planning models, thus decision-making related fostering flood-resilient, sustainable, economically prosperous habitats.

Language: Английский

---

Gene Flow and Isolation in the Arid Nearctic Revealed by Genomic Analyses of Desert Spiny Lizards

Systematic Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(2), P. 323 - 342

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abstract The opposing forces of gene flow and isolation are two major processes shaping genetic diversity. Understanding how these vary across space time is necessary to identify the environmental features that promote diversification. detection considerable geographic structure in taxa from arid Nearctic has prompted research into drivers region. Several have been proposed as barriers flow, including Colorado River, Western Continental Divide (WCD), a hypothetical Mid-Peninsular Seaway Baja California. However, recent studies suggest role differentiation may overestimated when compared other mechanisms divergence. In this study, we infer historical spatial patterns connectivity Desert Spiny Lizards (Sceloporus magister) zosteromus), which together form species complex composed parapatric lineages with wide distributions western North America. Our analyses incorporate mitochondrial sequences, genomic-scale data, past present climatic data evaluate nature strength approach relies on estimates migration under multispecies coalescent understand history lineage divergence face flow. Results show S. magister geographically structured, but also detect instances WCD strong barrier while River more permeable. Analyses yield conflicting results for catalyst peninsular zosteromus. study shows large-scale genomic thoroughly sampled can shed new light biogeography. Furthermore, our highlights need combined analysis multiple sources evidence adequately characterize

Language: Английский

---

From α- to β- diversity: Understanding the historical, present, and future diversity patterns of Fagaceae in Southwestern China

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. e41474 - e41474

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Changes in distribution of the Iberian vegetation since the Last Glacial Maximum: A model-based approach

Quaternary Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 109162 - 109162

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Enhanced human activities have disturbed the vegetation-climate relationship over the last millennium in the Changbai Mountains, north-east China

Global and Planetary Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 246, P. 104701 - 104701

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

---