HERA: a high-resolution pan-European hydrological reanalysis (1950–2020)

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km2. its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km2), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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HERA: a high-resolution pan-European hydrological reanalysis (1951–2020)

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 293 - 316

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract. Since 1950, anthropogenic activities have altered the climate, land cover, soil properties, channel morphologies, and water management in river basins of Europe. This has resulted significant changes hydrological conditions. The availability consistent estimates flow at global continental levels is a necessity for assessing cycle. To overcome limitations posed by observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge Europe period 1951–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new European set-up OS LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcmin (≈1.8 km) with 6-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-Land) that are bias-corrected downscaled to resolution gridded weather observations. also incorporates 72 surface field maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, use, demand, lakes, reservoirs. Inputs related human evolving through emulate societal changes. resulting Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA) provides 282 521 pixels an upstream area >100 km2. assess its skill 2448 gauging stations distributed across Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results (median KGE′=0.55), despite general underestimation observed mean discharges (mean bias=-13.1 %), demonstrates capacity reproduce statistics extreme flows. performance increases size, it varies space depending on reservoir influence calibration. fine temporal enhanced compared previous based small- medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km2). first publicly available long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while maintaining local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged dynamic socio-economic inputs via JRC catalogue: https://doi.org/10.2905/a605a675-9444-4017-8b34-d66be5b18c95 (Tilloy et al., 2024).

Language: Английский

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Evolution of flood protection levels and flood vulnerability in Europe since 1950 estimated with vine-copula models

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2024

Abstract The magnitude of flood losses is regulated not only by hydrometeorological hazard and exposure, but also protection levels (primarily from structural defenses) vulnerability (relative loss at given intensity hazard). Here, we infer the variation both factors data on historical riverine, coastal compound floods their impacts in 42 European countries over period 1950–2020 obtained HANZE database. We contrast actual damaging floods, which imply was locally inadequate, with modelled potential i.e. events that were hydrologically extreme did lead to significant impacts, sufficient prevent losses. Further, compare reported (fatalities, population affected, economic losses) computed a uniform, static approach. finally derive spatial temporal drivers through multivariate statistical analysis. apply vine-copulas best predictors out long list candidate variables, including hydrological parameters exposure socioeconomic development, governance indicators. Our results show improved since 1950, particularly for floods. However, riverine are shown be much lower than assumed previous pan-European studies. A strong decline time observed all three indicators relative losses, suggesting adaptation. there very large variations between subnational regions Europe.

Language: Английский

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Merging modelled and reported flood impacts in Europe in a combined flood event catalogue for 1950–2020

Hydrology and earth system sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(17), P. 3983 - 4010

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Abstract. Long-term trends in flood losses are regulated by multiple factors including climate variation, demographic dynamics, economic growth, land-use transitions, reservoir construction and risk reduction measures. The attribution of those drivers through the use counterfactual scenarios hazard, exposure or vulnerability first requires a good representation historical events, their location, intensity factual circumstances which they occurred. Here, we develop chain models that is capable recreating riverine, coastal compound floods Europe between 1950 2020 had potential to cause significant socioeconomic impacts. This catalogue almost 15 000 such events was scrutinized with records We found at least 10 % them led impacts (including fatalities) according available sources. model able capture responsible for 96 known contained Historical Analysis Natural Hazards (HANZE) impact database terms persons affected 81 fatalities. dataset enables study adaptation due large sample data. can be further used generate especially related change human influence on catchments.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of flood protection levels and flood vulnerability in Europe since 1950 estimated with vine-copula models

Natural Hazards, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Abstract The magnitude of flood impacts is regulated not only by hydrometeorological hazard and exposure, but also protection levels (primarily from structural defenses) vulnerability (relative loss at given intensity hazard). Here, we infer the variation data on historical riverine, coastal, compound floods associated obtained HANZE database, in 42 European countries over period 1950–2020. We contrast actual damaging floods, which imply was locally inadequate, with modelled potential i.e. events that were hydrologically extreme did lead to significant impacts, sufficient prevent losses. Further, compare reported (fatalities, population affected, economic losses) computed depth-damage functions. finally derive spatial temporal drivers both through a multivariate statistical analysis. apply vine-copulas best predictors out set candidate variables, including hydrological parameters exposure socioeconomic development, governance indicators. Our results show riverine are much lower than assumed previous pan-European studies. North-western Europe shown have better south east, while divide so clear for coastal protection. By contrast, many parts western relatively high vulnerability, lowest value observed central northern Europe. Still, strong decline time all three indicators relative losses, suggesting improved adaptation. Flood since 1950, particularly floods.

Language: Английский

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Comment on essd-2024-41

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km². its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km²), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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Comment on essd-2024-41

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km². its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km²), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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Comment on essd-2024-41

Published: May 13, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km². its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km²), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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Reply on RC2

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km². its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km²), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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Reply on RC1

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract. Since 1950, European rivers have been put under increasing pressure by anthropogenic activities, resulting in changes climate, land cover, soil properties and channel morphologies. These evolving environmental conditions can translate into hydrological conditions. The availability of consistent estimates river flow at global continental level is a necessity to assess attribute the cycle. To overcome limitations posed observations (incomplete records, inhomogeneous spatial coverage), we simulate discharge for Europe period 1950–2020 using state-of-the-art modelling approach. We use new set up LISFLOOD model, running 1 arcminute (≈1.8 km) with six-hourly time steps. model forced climate reanalysis data (ERA5-land) bias-corrected downscaled resolution weather observations. also ingests 72 surface fields maps representing catchment morphology, vegetation, properties, use, water demand, lakes reservoirs. Inputs related human activities are through emulate society. Hydrological ReAnalysis (HERA), provides 282 521 pixels upstream area > 100 km². its skill 2901 gauging stations distributed across Europe. Overall, HERA delivers satisfying results, general weak underestimation observed mean variability. find that performance increases between 1950 2020. fine temporal result an enhanced compared other small-to-medium-scale catchments (100–10 000 km²), degraded remaining small catchments. first long-term, high-resolution Despite limitations, it enables analysis dynamics extremes, influences, change scale while keeping local relevance. It creates opportunity study these ungauged

Language: Английский

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