Social Media, Body Image and Resistance Training: Creating the Perfect ‘Me’ with Dietary Supplements, Anabolic Steroids and SARM’s

Sports Medicine - Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

Abstract Background Few studies have assessed the use of dietary supplements, anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARM) in male gym users. The comparison physical appearance with others on social media exposure to fitness-related content (i.e., image-centric use) may a profound role using these compounds due its creating negative body images Objective Provide contemporary data AAS SARM among young users, test hypothesis that is associated SARM, as result image. Methods In this cross-sectional study, conducted Netherlands, users ( N = 2269; 24 ± 6 years) completed an online questionnaire including self-reported measures regarding resistance training participation, use, supplement intake, prevalence was randomized response, technique ask sensitive questions indirectly. Results Of all participants, 83% used ergogenic supplements (mainly protein creatine), estimated 9 versus 2.7% had ever SARM. Image-centric positively r .26; p < 0.01) 0.05), but not more dissatisfied image .34; 0.01). Body did mediate relationship between doping compounds. Conclusions exorbitant, being substantial. AAS.

Language: Английский

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“Food First but Not Always Food Only”: Recommendations for Using Dietary Supplements in Sport

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(5), P. 371 - 386

Published: March 12, 2022

The term "food first" has been widely accepted as the preferred strategy within sport nutrition, although there is no agreed definition of this and often limited consideration implications. We propose that food first should mean "where practically possible, nutrient provision come from whole foods drinks rather than isolated components or dietary supplements." There are many reasons to commend a strategy, including risk supplement contamination resulting in anti-doping violations. However, few supplements can enhance health and/or performance, therefore only approach could be inappropriate. six why may not always optimal for athletes: (a) some nutrients difficult obtain sufficient quantities diet, require excessive energy intake consumption other nutrients; (b) abundant athletes do eat/like; (c) content with established ergogenic benefits highly variable; (d) concentrated doses required correct deficiencies promote immune tolerance; (e) consume immediately before, during after exercise; (f) tested help where concerns about hygiene contamination. In these situations, it acceptable athlete consider sports providing comprehensive minimization implemented. As consequence, important stress terminology but only."

Language: Английский

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Sports drug testing and the athletes' exposome

Drug Testing and Analysis, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11-12), P. 1814 - 1821

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Similar to the general population, elite athletes are exposed a complex set of environmental factors including chemicals and radiation also biological physical stressors, which constitute an exposome that is, unlike for subjected specific scrutiny due applicable antidoping regulations associated (frequent) routine doping controls. Hence, investigations into athlete's how distinguish between deliberate drug use different contamination scenarios has become central topic research, as delicate balance is be managed vital continually evolving developments sensitive analytical techniques on one hand, risk athletes' potentially causing adverse findings other.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Supplements as a Major Cause of Anti-doping Rule Violations

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: March 25, 2022

Dietary supplements encompass a large heterogenic group of products with wide range ingredients and declared effects used by athletes for multitude reasons. The high prevalence use across all sports level competition, combined the well-documented risks such containing prohibited substances have led to several doping cases globally. Despite being considerable concern persistent focus sport organizations anti-doping agencies, magnitude rule violations associated supplement is not well-known. This study examines 18-years controls national program determine relationship between presence in athlete's samples dietary supplements. In 26% (n = 49) analytical violation period 2003-2020 192), athlete claimed that was source substance causing an adverse finding. Evidence supporting this claim found about half these 27, i.e., 14% ADRV's). Stimulants were most prevalent linked 24), which methylhexanamine 16 cases. High risk predominantly multi-ingredient pre-workout 20) fat-burning 4). Anti-doping should develop strategies on how assist assess need, consequences using various

Language: Английский

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Dietary Supplements: A Gateway to Doping?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 881 - 881

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Dietary supplements are widely used among athletes, but many may be unaware of the potential for unintentional doping, especially considering that can often contaminated with prohibited substances. The reason behind widespread use dietary athletes is cited as being purposes enhancing health or performance. However, turn to unreliable sources information, and lack knowledge supplement regulations. aim this narrative review explore current research surrounding psychological constructs (such norms, attitudes, beliefs) related lead inadvertent doping. This also covers possible programme structures effective at preventing

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in mass spectrometry for the detection of doping

Expert Review of Proteomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1-3), P. 27 - 39

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Introduction The analysis of doping control samples is preferably performed by mass spectrometry, because obtained results meet the highest analytical standards and ensure an impressive degree reliability. advancement in spectrometry all its associated technologies thus allow for continuous improvements analysis.

Language: Английский

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High School Athletes’ Use and Knowledge of (Safe) Nutritional Supplement Use: An Exploratory Study

Journal of Dietary Supplements, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 478 - 494

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

The use of nutritional supplements can lead to doping risk and no data exist on high school athletes' certified third-party tested supplements. A cross-sectional cohort design was developed using an anonymous survey. Descriptive for supplement use, supplements, knowledge in athletes were reported. total 225 athletes, ranging from 14-19 years age, a private the western US, included analysis results. 94% (n=211) reported within past year with average six (interquartile range: 3-9) individual 0-20 per person. Most frequently sports drinks (72%), vitamins (65%), bars (60%), protein powder (58%), caffeine (37%, as part normal beverages, or 13% supplement), followed by creatine (23%). 24% claimed know sure that all their tested. In addition, recognition testing organization icons low (46% users vs. 14% nonusers). Athletes also scored reporting how find (22%) order (25%) conclusion, almost this study multiple annually. Only one-fourth consistently Knowledge where could be purchased limited athlete population.

Language: Английский

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Across the spectrum of legality: The market activities of influencers specialized in steroids and other performance and image enhancing drugs

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123, P. 104246 - 104246

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Like many other goods and services, performance image enhancing drugs (PIEDs), particularly androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), are increasingly discussed promoted by social media influencers. Little, however, is known about the influencers specialized in PIEDs which services they promote sell.

Language: Английский

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Notifications and Health Consequences of Unauthorized Pharmaceuticals in Food Supplements

Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 154 - 154

Published: Sept. 23, 2023

Health concerns associated with the consumption of food supplements rise in parallel popularity and market availability these products. In pursuit data related to unauthorized presence pharmaceuticals supplements, Rapid Alert System for Food Feed (RASFF) database was searched 2011-2022 period. The most "popular" adulteration were phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (235 records); anorexics laxatives (76), including sibutramine its active metabolite N-didesmethyl sibutramine, phenolphthalein 2,4-dinitrophenol; stimulants, among which 1,3-dimethylamine (97), synephrine (53) numerous; nootropic drugs (24); anabolics prohormones (16); cannabinoid cannabidiol (14) (pending authorization as a novel ingredient). Over 65% notifications interest classified serious risks, over 80% alert or border rejection notifications, mainly generated result official control on market. alarming number RASFF should be considered public health issue, demanding clear targeted recommendation action legislature authorities. A harmonized nutrivigilance system tool detect scrutinize adverse effects along measures improve their safety, quality, testing.

Language: Английский

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Development of a screener to assess athlete risk behavior of not using third-party tested nutritional supplements

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 15, 2024

Introduction The aim of this cross-sectional study was to develop an algorithm predict athletes use third-party tested (TPT) supplements. Therefore, a nutritional supplement questionnaire used with section about self-reported TPT use. Methods Outcomes were randomly assigned training dataset identify predictors using logistic regression models, or cross-validation dataset. Training data score from 0 100 predicting non-use Results A total n = 410 NCAA Division I student-athletes (age: 21.4 ± 1.6 years, 53% female, &gt;20 sports) included. Then 320 selected, which 34% ( 109) users consistently reported that all supplements they TPT. Analyses resulted in 10-item associated Risk quadrants provided the best fit for classifying low vs. high risk toward inconsistent TPT-use resulting cut-off ≥60% (χ 2 (4) 61.26, P &lt; 0.001), reasonable AUC 0.78. There significant association (yes/no) and behavior (low high) defined (1)=58.6, 0.001). had sensitivity, 89% non-TPT correctly, while having specificity, 49% TPT-users correctly. This confirmed by 34), reporting sensitivity (83%), despite lower (0.61). Discussion classifies high-risk accuracy, but lacks specificity classify consistent at risk. approach should be useful identifying would benefit additional counseling.

Language: Английский

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