Covid-19 Outbreak in Brazil: Health, Social, Political, and Economic Implications

International Journal of Health Services, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(4), P. 442 - 454

Published: Sept. 4, 2022

COVID-19 outbreak quickly spread to all corners of the globe. In Brazil, was particularly frightening because it worsened existing health, political, economic, and social problems. The results already observed show contagion ripple-spreading process across country, causing death thousands people each day counting, added a very serious wave unemployment, scientific denial, precariousness. Based on this, this study reviews recent research that looked at role government, Brazilian health system, main economic impacts fostered by pandemic. We perform scoping review according PRISMA-ScR structure qualitative synthesis 67 associated documents. reinforce negative effects country's mismanagement its consequent economy society. battleground against has fueled political tensions, shaken unleashed despair tinged with deaths. Finally, in present review, we discuss concerns about Brazil what world hopes country learned from current crisis.

Language: Английский

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Forgetting what shouldn't be forgotten: the new normal after the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 3, 2024

Citation: Martins JP and Marson FAL (2024) Forgetting what shouldn't be forgotten: the new normal after COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Front. Psychol. 15:1362183. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362183

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 mortality in Brazil, 2020-21: consequences of the pandemic inadequate management

Archives of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 80(1)

Published: Dec. 19, 2022

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic brought countless challenges to public health and highlighted the Brazilian system vulnerabilities in facing emergency. In this article, we analyze data on COVID-19-related deaths 2020-21 show epidemic consequences Brazil. Methods Mortality Information System Live Birth were primary information sources. We used population estimates calculate specific mortality rates by age, sex, educational level. Considering total number of 2020-21, proportional (%) was estimated for each age group sex. A graph daily from January 2020 December 2021 sex elaborated temporal evolution addition, four indicators related estimated: infant rate (IMR); maternal ratio (MMR); orphans due mother’s death; average years lost. Results overall 14.8 (/10,000). increase with a decreasing gradient higher schooling. among illiterate people 38.8/10,000, three times than college education. Male 31% female mortality. represented 19.1% all deaths, highest proportions 40-59 years. lost 19 MMR 35.7 per 100,000 live births (LB), representing 37.4% MMR. Regarding COVID-19, that 40,830 children under 18 their mothers during epidemic, an orphans’ 7.5/10,000 aged 0-17 IMR 11.7 1000 LB, 0.2 caused COVID-19. peak occurred March 2021, reaching almost 4000 day, day causes 2019. Conclusions delay adopting measures necessary control has exacerbated spread disease, resulting several avoidable deaths.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Brazil: a 3-year update

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 107(4), P. 116074 - 116074

Published: Aug. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Ivermectin, Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine, and Azithromycin in Managing COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Phase III Clinical Trials

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2206 - 2206

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

During the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic several drugs were used to manage patients mainly those with a severe phenotype. Potential off-label and major concerns arose from their applicability managing health crisis highlighting importance of clinical trials. In this context, we described mechanisms three repurposed [Ivermectin-antiparasitic drug, Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine-antimalarial drugs, Azithromycin-antimicrobial drug]; and, based on description, study evaluated efficacy published in The use these reflects period uncertainty that marked beginning COVID-19 pandemic, which made them possible treatment for COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Overview of childhood vaccination coverage in Brazil and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Is our children’s health at risk? A review of pre-COVID-19 periods and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Vaccine X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 100430 - 100430

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 has had a great impact on several aspects related to the population's health, including vaccination adherence rate. This study describes how childhood coverage (CVC) in Brazil was affected by pandemic period from 2020 2022 and explores relationship between this data Human Development Index (HDI), number of votes received government with right-wing political ideology. An ecological analysis CVC carried out 12 vaccines. HDI evaluated considering HDI-General, HDI-Income, HDI-Longevity, HDI-Education. percentage valid former president (right-wing ideology) also obtained. Spearman correlation tests were applied compare markers. During analyzed, it observed linear growth trend 2015 2018 regarding all However, onwards, after presidential elections Brazil, reduced significantly, showing an even more pronounced decrease start COVID-19 pandemic. reduction for some vaccines higher ideology, especially relation BCG (bacillus Calmette Guerin) pentavalent (protecting against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria) In addition, when analyzing HDI, that lowest values indicator associated expressive CVC, mainly yellow fever, pentavalent, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate, rotavirus, triple viral measles, mumps, rubella - MMR) Although successful exemplary record combating diseases, due high rate continuous must be thoroughly health managers.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiologic Profile of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Brazil During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Epidemiological Study

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 1, 2022

The COVID-19 is a significant public health issue, and monitoring confirmed cases deaths an essential epidemiologic tool. We evaluated the features in Brazilian hospitalized patients due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during pandemic Brazil. grouped into following categories: Influenza virus (G1), other viruses' (G2), known etiologic agents (G3), SARS-CoV-2 (patients with COVID-19, G4), undefined etiological agent (G5). performed epidemiological study using data from DataSUS (https://opendatasus.saude.gov.br/) December 2019 October 2021. dataset included SARI. considered clinical evolution of SARI according patient groups as outcome. multivariate statistical analysis logistic regression, we adopted Alpha error 0.05. A total 2,740,272 were Brazil, being São Paulo state responsible for most [802,367 (29.3%)]. Most male (1,495,416; 54.6%), aged between 25 60 years (1,269,398; 46.3%), White (1,105,123; 49.8%). 1,577,279 (68.3%) recovered SARI, whereas 701,607 (30.4%) died 30,551 (1.3%) did not have their related major part was G4 (1,817,098; 66.3%) G5 (896,207; 32.7%). account <1% our sample [G1: 3,474 (0.1%), G2: 16,627 (0.6%), G3: 6,866 (0.3%)]. more frequent (574,887; 34.7%); however, among categorized G3 (1,339; 21.3%) (25,829; 4.1%). In analysis, main predictors classify when compared or G1-G4 female sex, younger age, Black race, low educational level, rural place residence, use antiviral treat signs. Furthermore, several predict risk death by such older race (Black, Indigenous, multiracial background), residence flu outbreak region, need intensive care unit, mechanical ventilatory support. possible underreporting (G5) might be associated enhanced mortality rate, evident distinct social groups. addition, patients' are unequal can used determine population. Patients higher had different profile who like Black, background races, unit

Language: Английский

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The impact of COVID-19 on routine pediatric vaccination delivery in Brazil

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40(15), P. 2292 - 2298

Published: March 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Other Etiologic Agents Among Brazilian Indigenous Population: An Observational Study from the First Year of Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 Pandemic

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100177 - 100177

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

Indigenous peoples are vulnerable to pandemics, including the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19, since it causes high mortality and specially, loss of elderly individuals.The epidemiological data severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by SARS-CoV-2 infection or other etiologic agents (OEA) among Brazilian during first year COVID-19 pandemic was obtained from a Ministry Health open-access database perform an observational study. Considering only individuals diagnosed with SARS COVID-19, epidemiology were also evaluated as risk death. The type sample collection for virus screening, demographic profile, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, evolution evaluated. primary outcome considered death in secondary outcome, characteristics infected OEA, need intensive care unit admission mechanical ventilation support. statistical analysis done using Logistic Regression Model. Alpha 0.05.A total 3,122 cases Brazil reported pandemic. Of these, 1,994 730/1,816 (40.2%) them died. rate three-fold increased when compared group OEA. Several symptoms (myalgia, smell, sore throat) comorbidities (cardiopathy, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus) more prevalent Similar profile observed considering who presented several (oxygen saturation <95%, dyspnea, distress) (renal disorders, cardiopathy, mellitus). multivariate significant differentiating between COVID-19-positive non-COVID-19 patients [X2(7)=65.187; P-value<0.001]. Among patients' features, following contributed relation diagnosis COVID-19: age [≥43 years-old [y.o.]; OR=1.984 (95%CI=1.480-2.658)]; smell [OR=2.373 (95%CI=1.461-3.854)]; presence previous disorders [OR=0.487; 95%CI=0.287-0.824)]; fever [OR=1.445 (95%CI=1.082-1.929)]. Also, able predict [X2(9)=293.694; death: male gender [OR=1.507 (95%CI=1.010-2.250)]; [≥60 y.o.; OR=3.377 (95%CI=2.292-4.974)]; ventilatory support [invasive ventilation; OR=24.050 (95%CI=12.584-45.962) non-invasive OR=2.249 (95%CI=1.378-3.671)]; dyspnea [OR=2.053 (95%CI=1.196-3.522)]; oxygen <95% [OR=1.691 (95%CI=1.050-2.723)]; myalgia [OR=0.423 (95%CI=0.191-0.937)]; kidney [OR=3.135 (95%CI=1.144-8.539)].The situation due COVID-19. factors associated enhanced death, sex, older (≥60 y.o.), support; also, might help differentiate (≥43 fever.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado São Paulo (Foundation Research Support State Paulo; #2021/05810-7).

Language: Английский

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The unequal impact of the pandemic at subnational levels and educational attainment-related inequalities in COVID-19 mortality, Brazil, 2020–2021

Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 231, P. 39 - 46

Published: April 13, 2024

We estimated COVID-19 mortality indicators in 2020-2021 to show the epidemic's impact at subnational levels and analyze educational attainment-related inequalities Brazil.

Language: Английский

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