Objects, Faces, and Spaces: Organizational Principles of Visual Object Perception as Evidenced by Individual Differences in Behavior DOI Creative Commons
Heida Maria Sigurdardottir, Inga María Ólafsdóttir

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

Abstract What are the diagnostic dimensions on which objects differ visually? We constructed a two-dimensional object space based such attributes captured by deep convolutional neural network. These can be approximated as stubby/spiky and animate-/inanimate-looking. If contributes to human visual cognition, this should have measurable effect discrimination abilities. administered an foraging task large, diverse sample (N=511). focused stubby animate-looking “face quadrant” of given known variations in face Stimuli were picked out tens thousands images either match or not with coordinates faces space. Results show that individual differences perception large part explained variability general abilities (o-factor). However, additional processing attributed similarity space; people who struggle telling apart also difficulties discriminating other same attributes. This study is consistent contribution cognition. Public Significance Statement The emphasizes relatively neglected field research. Unlike cognitive traits (e.g., Big Five personality traits, g-factor intelligence), we limited knowledge how their capacity, whether fractionated unitary. In study, ask organized around evidenced behavior.

Language: Английский

Eye Movement Parameters in Children with Reading Difficulties DOI Creative Commons
Ilze Ceple, Linda Krauze, Evita Šerpa

et al.

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 954 - 954

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Children with dyslexia have previously been demonstrated to perform more corrective saccades in sequential non-reading saccade tasks, having trouble maintaining a stable fixation, as well reduced performance smooth pursuit tasks. The current study aims provide comprehensive analysis of different eye movements (saccades, and fixation stability) children without reading difficulties who were tested by validated test applied the school environment. Altogether, 377 (6–13 years old; 182 boys 196 girls) voluntarily involved study. Reading was determined Acadience® literacy assessment tool. Tobii Pro Fusion Eye-tracker determine oculomotor difficulties. results saccadic movement, stability task did not reveal statistically significant difference indicate that system (not excluding dyslexia) is intact. propose observed differences previous studies exploring dyslexic might be attributed participant selection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The effectiveness of a reading and cognitive task-based Web delivered intervention program for children with reading difficulties DOI

Aikaterini Striftou,

Nikolaos C. Zygouris, Filippos Vlachos

et al.

Applied Neuropsychology Child, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

The present study aimed to investigate the improvement of reading ability and cognitive performance children with difficulties through a Web application named "Poke Reading Ability" (PtRA). PtRA is designed assist intervention in Greek, language that more transparent than English. Sixty (60) between nine (9) twelve (12) years old (mean age 10.18 years). baseline assessment consisted two batteries abilities tests. Test-A, Greek standardized psychometric tool Askisi, newly developed neuropsychological battery tests are adopted assess performance. Both tools, were used order screen children's before after implementing PtRA. consists (a) tasks focus on improving visual auditory working memory, (b) improve phonological awareness decoding, (c) strengthen discrimination (d) comprehension ability. Following delivered program results revealed statistically significant improved all 9 3 tasks.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
A Preliminary Evaluation of Dyslexie’s Influence on Adult Dyslexic Reading Performance DOI
Mychal A. Machado, Christina Elmore,

Leonard Hall

et al.

Behavior Analysis in Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Impaired neural discrimination of regular words from pseudowords in dyslexic adults as revealed by fast periodic visual stimulation DOI
Aliette Lochy, Emilie Collette, Bruno Rossion

et al.

Neuropsychologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109137 - 109137

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dyslexia subtypes: proposition of phonological and visual parameters in the Brazilian population DOI
Giseli Donadon Germano, Simone Aparecida Capellini

Caderno Pedagógico, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. e15515 - e15515

Published: April 11, 2025

Children with dyslexia are characterized by reading difficulties due to phonological and visual failures. Thus, this study aimed develop parameters classify students into different visual, mixed profiles. Eighty-six children diagnosed dyslexia, from the 3rd 5th grade of Elementary School, participated in study. They were assessed an evaluation perception skills. Factors developed their performances Statistical analyses performed using stepwise method predictive analysis results discriminant function. The indicated that deficit was present 22% evaluated; 26% students; 18.6% students. also a fourth group, without and/or alterations, 32.6% evaluated. possibility classifying profiles based on factors contributed view multiple deficits Brazilian context. Discussions criteria, diagnoses means identifying these precocious should be intensified, since better characterization will allow indication more specific remediation programs, addition curricular adaptations schools.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Neurocognitive mechanisms of co‐occurring math difficulties in dyslexia: Differences in executive function and visuospatial processing DOI Creative Commons
Rebecca A. Marks, Courtney Pollack, Steven L. Meisler

et al.

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(2)

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Abstract Children with dyslexia frequently also struggle math. However, studies of reading disability (RD) rarely assess math skill, and the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying co‐occurring (RD+MD) are not clear. The current study aimed to identify behavioral factors associated MD among 86 children RD. Within this sample, 43% had RD+MD 22% demonstrated a possible vulnerability in math, while 35% no difficulties (RD‐Only). We investigated whether RD‐Only students differed behaviorally their phonological awareness, skills, or executive functions, as well brain word visuospatial working memory using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). group did differ from on measures awareness related speech print. significantly worse processing speed performance than group. exhibited reduced activations for relative RD‐Only. Exploratory brain‐behavior correlations along broad spectrum ability revealed that stronger skills were greater activation bilateral visual cortex. These converging neuro‐behavioral findings suggest poor functions general, including differences memory, specifically context Research Highlights disabilities have (MD), but behind high comorbidity understood. examined function between RD only versus fMRI measures. processing, either brain. was additional cortex during task.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Reading problems and their connection with visual search and attention DOI
Heida Maria Sigurdardottir,

Hilma Rós Ómarsdóttir,

Anna Sigridur Valgeirsdottir

et al.

Dyslexia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Attention has been hypothesized to act as a sequential gating mechanism for the orderly processing of letters and words. These same visuoattentional processes are often assumed partake in some but not all types visual search. In current study, 24 dyslexic 36 typical readers completed an attentionally demanding conjunction Visual feature search served internal control. It suggested that reading problems should go hand with specific search—particularly elevated slopes (time per item)—often interpreted problem attention. Results showed were associated slower search, especially However, deficits increased instead intercepts, traditionally reflecting We discuss these results context dyslexia. Remaining open multiple interpretations data, study demonstrates difficulties problems, accordance growing literature on cognition developmental

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Neurophysiological markers of printed word processing and reading fluency in adolescence DOI
Maksim Markevich, Anna Rebreikina, Tatiana Logvinenko

et al.

Language Cognition and Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(10), P. 1249 - 1262

Published: July 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The Magnocellular-Dorsal (M-D) Deficit and Associated Theories DOI
Arnold J. Wilkins, Bruce J. W. Evans

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Anatomical and behavioral correlates of auditory perception in developmental dyslexia DOI Creative Commons
Ting Qi, Maria Luisa Mandelli,

Christa L. Watson Pereira

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract Developmental dyslexia is typically associated with difficulties in basic auditory processing and manipulating speech sounds. However, the neuroanatomical correlates of developmental (DD) their contribution to individual clinical phenotypes are still unknown. Recent intracranial electrocorticography findings sound amplitude rises sounds posterior middle superior temporal gyrus (STG), respectively. We hypothesize that regional STG anatomy will relate specific abilities DD, behavioral reading. One hundred ten children (78 32 developing, age 7-15 years) completed rise time noise discrimination tasks. They also underwent a battery cognitive tests. Anatomical MRI scans were used identify regions which local cortical gyrification complexity correlated behavior. Behaviorally, but not performance was impaired DD. Neurally, STG, Furthermore, significantly contributed reading impairments while only explained variance phonological awareness. Finally, correlated, each task distinct neuropsychological measures, emphasizing unique contributions Overall, we provide direct link between neurodevelopment left variability neurotypical dyslexic populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

2