Molnupiravir for intra-household prevention of COVID-19: The MOVe-AHEAD randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Journal of Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 87(5), P. 392 - 402

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

•Phase 3 trial evaluating molnupiravir for post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19. •About 84% the population had anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies at baseline. •Day 14 COVID-19 rates (molnupiravir 6.5%, placebo 8.5%) were similar between arms. •Onset was mostly after end therapy in arm. •Molnupiravir well-tolerated but did not meet superiority criterion. Objectives To evaluate efficacy and safety intra-household (PEP) Methods MOVe-AHEAD a randomized, controlled, double-blind, phase comparing (800 mg twice daily 5 days) with placebo. Eligible participants adult, unvaccinated, asymptomatic household contacts patients laboratory-confirmed The primary endpoint incidence through day modified intention-to-treat (MITT) (those who received ≥1 dose study intervention) without detectable SARS-CoV-2 baseline, termed MITT-VN population. Superiority prespecified as stratified one-sided p-value <0.0249 treatment difference this endpoint. Results MITT comprised 763 randomized to 764 placebo; 83.6% anti-SARS-CoV-2 In population, 6.5% 8.5% (one-sided p-value: 0.0848). arm, 25/35 events (71%) occurred completion (versus 17/49 [35%] placebo). Adverse event low Conclusions Molnupiravir criterion, possibly influenced part by high pre-existing immunity

Language: Английский

Mpox: there is still risk of global outbreak

Journal of Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: March 13, 2025

Mpox is an emerging zoonosis that was first described in African animals, including monkeys, small rodents, and Gambian marsupial rats. It has since been identified as a sexually transmitted infection among humans. The disease characterized by incubation period ranging from 5 to 21 days, with the prodromal phase typically presenting nonspecific symptoms. followed development of characteristic vesicular skin lesions are hallmarks Mpox. Over years, outbreaks have occurred regularly Central West Africa. In July 2022, World Health Organization (WHO) declared outbreak Public Emergency International Concern (PHEIC), due rapid spread virus non-endemic countries. On May 11, 2023, WHO end emergency, considering significant decline reported cases. As October 2024, true impact this on international public health remains unclear.

Language: Английский

The slowdown of new infections by human retroviruses has reached a plateau in Spain

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(5)

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract The 2022 annual meeting of the HTLV & HIV‐2 Spanish Network was held in Madrid on December 14. We summarize here main information presented and discussed at workshop review time trends for human retroviral infections Spain. As transmissible agents, by retroviruses are obligatory declaration. Until end 2022, national registry had recorded 451 cases HTLV‐1, 821 HTLV‐2, 416 HIV‐2. For HIV‐1, estimates 150 000 people currently living with HIV‐1 60 cumulative deaths due to AIDS. During year new diagnoses Spain were 22 6 7 last updated figures from 2021 counted 2786 diagnoses. slowdown yearly points out that strategies needed achieve United Nations 95‐95‐95 targets 2025. remaining neglected infections, their control might be pushed throughout four interventions: (1) expanding testing; (2) improving education interventions aimed reduce risk behaviors; (3) facilitating access antiretrovirals as treatment prevention, including further development long‐acting formulations; (4) increasing vaccine research efforts. is a 47 million population country South Europe strong migration flows HTLV‐1 endemic regions Latin America Sub‐Saharan Africa. At this universal screening has been implemented only transplantation setting, following report 5 HTLV‐associated myelopathy shortly after organs positive donors. There target populations testing unveiling asymptomatic carriers responsible silent transmissions: migrants; individuals sexually transmitted infections; pregnant women; blood

Language: Английский