Ultra-Processed Foods: A Narrative Review of the Impact on the Human Gut Microbiome and Variations in Classification Methods

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1738 - 1738

Published: June 1, 2024

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are that industrially processed and often pre-packaged, convenient, energy-dense, nutrient-poor. UPFs widespread in the current Western diet their proposed contribution to non-communicable diseases such as obesity cardiovascular disease is supported by numerous studies. hypothesized affect body multiple ways, including inducing changes gut microbiome. This review summarizes available research on effect of We also usage NOVA food classification system randomized controlled trials observational studies how its implementation effects UPF research. Despite some differences methodology between studies, results associate consumption with a number negative health consequences. There attempts standardize system; however, reaching implementing consensus difficult. Future focusing mechanisms which body, through microbiome metabolome, will be essential refine our understanding human health.

Language: Английский

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Vascularization, Innervation, and Inflammation: Pathways Connecting the Heart–Brain Axis and Implications in a Clinical Setting

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 171 - 171

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

With an aging population, the incidence of both ischemic heart disease and strokes have become most prevalent diseases globally. These similar risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking. However, there is also evidence a relationship between brain, referred to heart-brain axis. In this relationship, dysfunction either organs can lead injury other. There are several proposed physiologies explain relationship. theories usually involve vascular, neuromodulatory, inflammatory processes; however, few articles explored compared these different mechanisms interaction brain. A better understanding axis inform physicians current future treatment preventive care options in brain pathologies. The depends on inflammation, vascular anatomy function, neuromodulation. pathways connecting often injured or dysfunctional when major pathology, myocardial infarction stroke, occurs. This leads long-term impacts patient's overall health for disease. study summarizes research involved axis, relates interactions diseases, proposes field neurocardiology. Conditions some diseases. Through connection two organs, we help patients novel therapeutics

Language: Английский

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Role of Microbiome in Defense

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Blueberry Consumption on Fecal Microbiome Composition and Circulating Metabolites, Lipids, and Lipoproteins in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Older Adults with Overweight or Obesity: The BEACTIVE Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1200 - 1200

Published: March 29, 2025

Background/Objectives: Generous consumption of phytonutrient-rich foods, including blueberries, provides benefits to multiple physiologic and metabolic systems. This study explored the potential that regular, generous blueberry intake could favorably modulate fecal microbiome composition in sedentary older (>60 years) men women with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 32 kg/m2). Methods: Participants (n = 55) were randomized daily either lyophilized powder (equivalent 1.5 cups blueberries) an indistinguishable placebo powder; both groups participated weekly supervised exercise classes. Fecal samples collected at 0 12 weeks frozen. Following this, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used profile each participant's microbiome. Blood biomarkers cardiometabolic health measured via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) pre- post-treatment. Results: Comparing baseline endpoint results for 15) 19) groups, there no significant overall compositional differences level diversity However, subjects whose diet included powder, a enrichment (p 0.049) relative abundance Coriobacteriales incertae sedis, taxonomic group bacteria facilitates metabolism dietary polyphenols. The exhibited reductions total cholesterol, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, LDL-P, large ApoB, while HDL-P ApoA-I after compared baseline. Conclusions: may upregulate ability human gut utilize polyphenols by altering Longer, larger-scale studies blueberries are needed observe improvements risk factors adults obesity.

Language: Английский

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Microbiomes as Modulators of Human and Planetary Health: A Relational and Cross‐Scale Perspective

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The various human microbiomes play critical roles in maintaining health and well‐being, they are continuously shaped by a complex web of internal external factors. Research on environmental is generally discrete within disciplinary areas such as medicine, microbiology, molecular ecology, etc. This paper presents perspective based scoping review the literature, aiming to explore how these interconnected shape well‐being and, turn, planetary health. We working from cellular mechanisms population outcomes, role intrinsic extrinsic factors influencing microbiomes. argue that global trends homogenization diets, environments, medical practices driving shifts microbial diversity, with far‐reaching implications for well Disruptions feedback at individual, community, ecosystem levels often exacerbated biodiversity loss change. underscore need holistic public interventions account microbiome stewardship across scales. By examining connections, we aim highlight importance systems‐level understanding

Language: Английский

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Implication of taxonomic abundance of gut microbiota in prediabetes: a systematic review

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 16, 2025

Background Prediabetes is defined by blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes. Environmental factors associated with diabetes may contribute to its development through alterations in gut microbiota. Recent studies suggest changes composition and function of microbiota play a role pathogenesis mellitus other metabolic disorders. Objective This study aims systematically examine taxonomic abundance implications individuals prediabetes, identify key dysbiotic patterns, explore their potential inflammation, insulin resistance, progression type 2 Methods We conducted systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. The included sources from PubMed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Springer, Scopus. retrieved original research articles published English focused on prediabetes 2015 date our search. Out 827 full-text screened, 6 were selected based inclusion exclusion criteria. Results Dysbiosis characterized reduction butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Roseburia , along an increase potentially harmful taxa Escherichia/Shigella Prevotella species. imbalance systemic inflammation evidenced elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ), lipopolysaccharide-binding (LBP). Increased intestinal permeability facilitates translocation bacterial components lipopolysaccharides (LPS), further linking resistance Conclusion highlights need therapeutic prediabetes. Systematic Review Registration Prospero; Identifier CRD42025637369.

Language: Английский

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Faecal metagenomes of great tits and blue tits provide insights into host, diet, pathogens and microbial biodiversity

Access Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Background. The vertebrate gut microbiome plays crucial roles in host health and disease. However, there is limited information on the microbiomes of wild birds, most which restricted to barcode sequences. We therefore explored use shotgun metagenomics faecal two bird species widely used as model organisms ecological studies: great tit ( Parus major ) Eurasian blue Cyanistes caeruleus ). Results. Short-read sequencing five samples generated a metagenomic dataset, revealing substantial variation composition between samples. Reference-based profiling with Kraken2 identified key differences ratios reads assigned host, diet microbes. Some showed high abundance potential pathogens, including siadenoviruses, coccidian parasites antimicrobial-resistant bacterial Serratia fonticola . From metagenome assemblies, we obtained complete mitochondrial genomes from Isospora spp., while metagenome-assembled documented new prokaryotic species. Conclusions. Here, have shown utility uncovering microbial diversity beyond what possible 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These findings provide foundation for future hypothesis testing manipulation improve fitness populations. study also highlights role birds dissemination antimicrobial resistance.

Language: Английский

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Diet and the Gut Microbiome as Determinants Modulating Metabolic Outcomes in Young Obese Adults

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1601 - 1601

Published: July 18, 2024

Obesity, along with metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, various cancers, other non-communicable diseases, thereby contributing to higher mortality rates. The intestinal microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis influencing human metabolism. This study enrolled 82 young obese individuals, who were stratified into groups or without disturbances. No significant differences alpha beta diversity microbiota observed among groups. Insulin resistance was characterized by an increase number Adlercreutzia Dialister well decrease Collinsella, Coprococcus Clostridiales. dyslipidemia+insulin had no gut microbiota. Dietary patterns also influenced microbial composition, high protein intake increasing Leuconostoc Akkermansia, fiber boosting Lactobacillus Streptococcus. genus Erwinia associated visceral fat serum glucose high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our findings highlight association between composition disturbances they suggest that dietary modifications may promote healthy reduce developing disorders.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of the Immune Environment in Glioblastoma by the Gut Microbiota

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2429 - 2429

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Studies increasingly support the role of gut microbiota in glioma development and treatment, although exact mechanisms remain unclear. Research indicates that can influence progression, response to therapies, effectiveness treatments like immunotherapy, with certain microbial compositions being linked better outcomes. Additionally, impacts tumor microenvironment, affecting both growth treatment. This review will explore glioma, microbiota, how their interaction shapes therapy responses. this examines metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) tryptophan, on It also explores microbiome signaling via pattern recognition receptors, molecular mimicry between antigens glioblastoma, if these interactions affect

Language: Английский

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Skin Health Benefits and Microbial Consortium of Stevia Fermented with Barley Nuruk

Published: May 29, 2024

In this study, the microbial community during barley yeast fermentation of stevia leaves and its correlation with antioxidant, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory properties, as well metabolites, were investigated using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Stevia was fermented commercial TSB media (TSB 1, 2, 3) sucrose (Sucrose Sucrose 3, for 5 days, respectively. ferments showed higher DPPH ABTS radical scavenging capacity compared to samples incubated all six inhibited nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner LPS-induced mouse macrophages. Furthermore, UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis identified 23 related substances, including 10 terpenoids, rubusoside, steviolbioside, rebadioside derivatives; dulcoside A; phlomisoside II, which are indicators stevia, five flavonoids, four phenolic acids, fatty acids. We also via next-generation sequencing 16S rRNA gene bacteria internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fungi. The results that 1 dominated by pathogens Enterococcus hirae (58.93%) Cronobacter sakazakii (80.92%), while more than 3 days pathogen-free lactic acid such Pediococcus stilesii (73.37%). Microbial ITS region Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, classified rather mold, regardless duration. particular, sugar solution S. fibuligera 99% throughout periods days. Finally, apply topically human skin, skin irritation tests performed on 30 volunteers. highly concentrated extracts (1 mg/mL) hypoallergenic. Taken together, these findings suggest brewer's from offers promise natural ingredient use functional foods cosmetics.

Language: Английский

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