Roles of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Stimulating Salinity Stress Defense in Plants: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 3154 - 3154

Published: March 19, 2021

To date, soil salinity becomes a huge obstacle for food production worldwide since salt stress is one of the major factors limiting agricultural productivity. It estimated that significant loss crops (20-50%) would be due to drought and salinity. embark upon this harsh situation, numerous strategies such as plant breeding, genetic engineering, large variety practices including applications growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) seed biopriming technique have been developed improve defense system against stress, resulting in higher crop yields meet human's increasing demand future. In present review, we update discuss advantageous roles beneficial PGPR green bioinoculants mitigating burden high saline conditions on morphological parameters physio-biochemical attributes via diverse mechanisms. addition, useful tool are also updated discussed approach exhibits promising potentials improving vigor, rapid germination, seedling growth uniformity. Furthermore, controversial findings regarding fluctuation antioxidants osmolytes PGPR-treated plants pointed out discussed.

Language: Английский

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Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(19), P. 10733 - 10733

Published: Oct. 3, 2021

Soil salinization, which is aggravated by climate change and inappropriate anthropogenic activities, has emerged as a serious environmental problem, threatening sustainable agriculture future food security. Although there been considerable progress in developing crop varieties introducing salt tolerance-associated traits, most cultivars grown saline soils still exhibit decline yield, necessitating the search for alternatives. Halophytes, with their intrinsic tolerance characteristics, are known to have great potential rehabilitating salt-contaminated support plant growth employing various strategies, including phytoremediation. In addition, recent identification characterization of tolerance-related genes encoding signaling components from halophytes, naturally under high salinity, paved way development transgenic crops improved tolerance. this review, we aim provide comprehensive update on salinity-induced negative effects plants, alterations physicochemical properties soils, changes physiological biochemical processes ion disparities plants. We also review adaptation strategies that help halophytes grow survive salinity-affected areas. Furthermore, illustrate halophyte-mediated phytoremediation process areas, well impacts soil properties. Importantly, based findings mechanisms comprehensively discuss improving plants candidate related antiporters, transporters, antioxidants, defense proteins conserving salinity-prone

Language: Английский

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Seed Priming with Nanoparticles and 24-Epibrassinolide Improved Seed Germination and Enzymatic Performance of Zea mays L. in Salt-Stressed Soil

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 690 - 690

Published: Feb. 4, 2023

Saline stress is one of the most critical abiotic factors that can lessen crops' productivity. However, emerging nanotechnology, nano-fertilizers, and developing knowledge phytochromes potentially mitigate negative effects saline on seed germination. Therefore, aim this study was to investigate priming either with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs; 50 100 mg L-1) or 24-epibrassinolide (EBL; 0.2 0.4 μM) their combinations maize (Zea mays L.) grains sown in salt-stressed soil (50 mM NaCl). treatments significantly affected all germination traits chemical analysis seeds as well α-amylase activity. Compared un-primed seeds, ZnO-NPs EBL increased cumulative percentage, energy, imbibition rate, increase grain weight, K+ content, activity, reduced time, days 50% emergence, Na+ uptake, Na+/K+ ratio salt-stressed-soil The combination L-1 + μM resulted highest improvements for studied comparison other individual combined treatments.

Language: Английский

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Effect of salinity on growth and biochemical responses of brinjal varieties: implications for salt tolerance and antioxidant mechanisms

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Abstract Salinity poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity, impacting crops’ growth, morphology and biochemical parameters. A pot experiment of three months was conducted between February April 2023 in the Department Botany, The Islamia University Bahawalpur. Four brinjal (eggplant) varieties: ICS-BR-1351, HBR-313-D, HBR-314-E, HBR-334-D were selected assessed for effects salinity on various growth attributes. completely randomized design with replicates each. This study revealed that increased significantly reduced shoot length, root leaf number across all varieties, maximum adverse observed at a 300mM NaCl concentration. Among tested ICS-BR-1351 demonstrated superior performance most parameters, suggesting potential salt tolerance. Biochemically, decreased chlorophyll content sharpest decline highest V4 (HBR-334-D) showed 57% decrease followed by V3 (HBR-314-E) 56%, V2 (HBR-313-D) 54%, V1 (ICS-BR-1351) 33% levels as compared control. Conversely, carotenoid up -42.11% -81.48%, -94.11%, − 233% stress respective controls. has value carotenoids while lowest other varieties. In addition pigments, indicated salinity-induced total proteins soluble sugar, whereas amino acids flavonoids increased. Total (49.46%) (36.44%), (53.42%), (53.79%) concentration plants treated tap water only. Whereas, sugars 52.07% V3, 41.53% V2, 19.49% V1, 18.99% level. While discussing acid, -9.64% increase (-31.10%), (-36.62%), (-22.61%) high comparison Plant flavonoid (-15.61%), (-19.03%), (-18.27%) (-27.85%) Notably, elevated anthocyanin, lycopene, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ) Antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase also under stress, an adaptive response combat oxidative damage. However, shown anthocyanin -80.00%, lycopene -24.81%, MDA -168.04%, -24.22%, POD -10.71%, CAT as-36.63 SOD -99.14% control enhanced accumulation antioxidants protective compounds suggests mechanism salt-induced stress. tolerance different varieties principal component analysis (PCA), order > (HBR-334-D), (HBR-314-E). studied, resilience against saline conditions, potentially offering promising candidate saline-prone areas.

Language: Английский

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Seed priming mitigates high salinity impact on germination of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by improving carbohydrate and protein mobilization

Plant Direct, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(6)

Published: June 1, 2023

Salinity is increasingly considered as a major environmental issue, which threatens agricultural production by decreasing yield traits of crops. Seed priming useful and cost-effective technique to alleviate the negative effects salinity enable fast uniform germination. In this context, we quantified with gibberellic acid (GP), calcium chloride (CP), mannitol (MP) on seed germination three bread wheat cultivars investigated their response when grown at high conditions (200 mM NaCl). Salt exposure strongly repressed imbibition potential extended time, whereas enhanced uniformity vigor. preconditioning alleviated disruption caused salt stress varying degrees. Priming mitigating effect was agent-dependent regard water status (CP MP), ionic imbalance reserve mobilization (GP). Na

Language: Английский

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Synergistic Effects of Glutathione and Zinc Seed Priming in Alleviating Salt Stress on Maize Seed Germination, Metabolite Levels, Seedling Vigor, and Nutrient Acquisition

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100767 - 100767

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Seaweeds’ carbohydrate polymers as plant growth promoters

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100097 - 100097

Published: June 10, 2021

Currently, the high food demand led to a mass agriculture practices, whereas crop productivity is one of major concerns for producers.However, intensification use synthetic fertilizers has serious harmful impacts human health and environment.The quest novel natural agricultural products current trend, hence seaweed polysaccharide bioactivity can contribute this pursuit.The principal carbohydrates (agar, carrageenan alginate) were extracted chemically characterized from five red seaweeds, namely Gracilaria gracilis (Slender wart weed), Asparagospis armata (Harpoon Calliblepharis jubata (False eyelash Chondracanthus teedei var.lusitanicus Grateloupia turuturu (Devil's tongue weed); three brown seaweeds Colpomenia peregrina (Oyster thief), Sargassum muticum (Wireweed) Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame).Afterwards, it was evaluated impact these sulphated polysaccharides on kale (Brassica oleracea) growth.Among polymers tested, iota-carrageenan (from jubata), kappa/ iotacarrageenan female gametophyte var.lusitanicus) agar gracilis) showed positive effect growth.Through quantification uronic acids, appears that polymer chemical structure decisive factor affects plant biostimulant activity.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of halotolerant bacterial and fungal consortia for augmentation of wheat in saline soils

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 30, 2023

Adaptations of green technologies to counter abiotic stress, including salinity for crops like wheat by using halotolerant microbes, is a promising approach. The current study investigated 17 salt-affected agroecological zones from the Punjab and Sindh provinces Pakistan explore potential indigenous microbial flora, with their multiple biochemical characteristics in addition plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, enhanced production saline areas. Initially, 297 isolated pure bacterial colonies were screened salt tolerance, biochemical, PGP traits. Three strains belonging Pantoea spp. Erwinia rhaphontici possession selected development consortium. Inoculation two local varieties, Faisalabad 2008 Galaxy 2013, consortium vitro seed germination assay sand microcosm experiments exhibited significant improvement parameters percentage root structure. Two previously reported fungal Trichoderma harzianum T. viridae also used as separately pot field trials. positive correlation consortia metabolic viz. catalase, peroxidase, proline agronomical shoot length, dry weight, number spikes, spike 100 grain weight. To evaluate performance under natural environmental conditions, trials conducted at three sites. Agronomical attributes days flowering maturity, flag leaf length width, seeds spike-1, 1,000 plot yield indicated efficiency these microbes enhance growth. Concisely, showed better was more resistant variety compared 2013. Initial results indicate that further extensive research on might lead Pakistan's first saline-specific biofertilizers sustainable eco-friendly agriculture practices.

Language: Английский

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Germination response of Oat (Avena sativa L.) to temperature and salinity using halothermal time model

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 100263 - 100263

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Seed germination is a complex physiological process influenced by abiotic stresses such as drought, temperature, salinity along with other biological and physical means. Halothermal time model (HaloTT) permitted quantitative assessment of seed at different water potential (ψ) temperature (T). The present study aimed to evaluate the reliability HaloTT find cardinal values for oats under various Ts ψs. Avena sativa L. Var. Swan seeds were incubated seven constant five ψs prepared through sodium chloride (NaCl) Plant Physiology Lab., University Peshawar, Pakistan. measured 10, 30 40°C base (Tb), optimum (To) ceiling (Tc) temperatures correspondingly in distilled (0 MPa). maximum halotime (θHalo) was recorded 48 MPa°Ch−1 30°C highest value thermal rate observed -2.0MPa 40°C. Germination percentage (GP), index (GRI), energy (GE), coefficient velocity (CVG), timson (TGI), mean (MGR) variation (CVt) 0MPa 30°C, while minimum Contrarily high (MGT) 50% (T50%) reported -1.5MPa 10 40°C, (0MPa) lowest 25 30°C. Thus, we concluded that precisely interpret responses across may be used an accurate simple method predict parameters natural field conditions.

Language: Английский

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Xylem-phloem cell area aid in salinity tolerance of tomato plant

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 328, P. 112919 - 112919

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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