Biotic homogenisation and differentiation as directional change in beta diversity: synthesising driver–response relationships to develop conceptual models across ecosystems

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(4), P. 1388 - 1423

Published: April 18, 2023

ABSTRACT Biotic homogenisation is defined as decreasing dissimilarity among ecological assemblages sampled within a given spatial area over time. differentiation, in turn, increasing Overall, changes the dissimilarities (termed ‘beta diversity’) an increasingly recognised feature of broader biodiversity change Anthropocene. Empirical evidence biotic and differentiation remains scattered across different ecosystems. Most meta‐analyses quantify prevalence direction beta diversity, rather than attempting to identify underlying drivers such changes. By conceptualising mechanisms that contribute or composition space, environmental managers conservation practitioners can make informed decisions about what interventions may be required sustain predict potential outcomes future disturbances. We systematically reviewed synthesised published empirical for terrestrial, marine, freshwater realms derive conceptual models explain diversity. pursued five key themes our review: ( i ) temporal change; ii disturbance regime; iii connectivity alteration species redistribution; iv habitat v trophic interactions. Our first model highlights how occur function local (alpha) diversity regional (gamma) independently invasions losses due occurrence assemblages. Second, magnitude depends on interaction between variation (patchiness) (synchronicity) events. Third, context redistribution, divergent have dispersal characteristics, associated with also strongly alpha gamma prior invasion. Fourth, positively linked variability, when heterogeneity decreases increases, respectively. Fifth, interactions influence via modification, disease, consumption (trophic dynamics), competition, by altering ecosystem productivity. synthesis multitude cause more less spatially similar (taxonomically, functionally, phylogenetically) through consider studies should aim enhance collective understanding systems clarifying driving focusing only reporting per se .

Language: Английский

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Which Traits Influence Bird Survival in the City? A Review

Land, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 92 - 92

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Urbanization poses a major threat to biodiversity worldwide. We focused on birds as well-studied taxon of interest, in order review literature traits that influence responses urbanization. 226 papers were published between 1979 and 2020, aggregate information five groups have been widely studied: ecological traits, life history, physiology, behavior genetic traits. Some robust findings trait changes individual species well bird communities emerge. A lack specific food shelter resources has led the urban community being dominated by generalist species, while specialist show decline. Urbanized differ behavioral showing an increase song frequency amplitude, bolder behavior, compared rural populations same species. Differential predatory pressure results history including prolonged breeding duration, increases clutch brood size compensate for lower survival. Other species-specific include hormonal state, body differences from populations. identify gaps research, with paucity studies tropical cities need greater examination persistence success native vs. introduced

Language: Английский

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Predicting the seasonal dynamics of bird communities along an urban-rural gradient using NDVI

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 103 - 113

Published: May 15, 2018

Language: Английский

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Effects of Urbanization on Native Bird Species in Three Southwestern US Cities

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 22, 2019

Urbanization presents novel challenges to native species by altering both the biotic and abiotic environments. The rapid pace of declines in diversity ecosystem services makes generalizations imperative. Studies have attempted make about how with similar traits respond urbanization, although results such studies are geographically idiosyncratic. Here, we present a comparative study three US cities: Fresno, California; Tucson, Arizona; Phoenix, Arizona an attempt examine consistency urbanization affects bird assemblages. Using presence-absence data define regional urban pools, tested for whether avian assemblage is random subset assemblages on basis phylogeny, or not causes homogenization among We found little evidence non-random trait shifts, only distributions diet guild, migratory status, main habitat showing any significant change, no phylogenetic patterns did however find some neutral processes species' occupancy habitats. Species pools higher median reporting frequency than all cities, this difference statistically one city. Cluster analyses show that levels more severe spring winter. presented here indicate while structure may be determined traits, which possess signal, simple occurrence area likely due processes. seasonality has our knowledge been previously reported. propose largely from cities result structural similarities matrix habitats, nature context needs considered future order resolve existing inconsistencies.

Language: Английский

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Habitat loss reduces abundance and body size of forest-dwelling dung beetles in an Amazonian urban landscape

Urban Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 1175 - 1190

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract The loss of forest cover in urban landscapes alters the dynamics spatial and food resources, challenging maintenance species, which may have their condition compromised. Dung beetles are sensitive to changes vegetation structure land use caused by human activities, processes that intrinsically related establishment development cities. aim this study was evaluate effect landscape on abundance morphological characteristics two species dung beetle ( Dichotomius boreus quadrilobatus ) inhabit forested areas urbanized Amazon region. We carried out 38 located six regions central region Amazon. evaluated structure, at site city scales, abundance, individual body size, relative horn length males. At local scale, with greater showed beetles, as well lengths D. horns. Cities a amount had larger individuals than those less cover. conclude key habitat for populations strong relationship between landscape. healthy abundant Amazonian guarantees persistence ecosystem services provided these organisms ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Urbanization, environmental stabilization and temporal persistence of bird species: a view from Latin America

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6, P. e6056 - e6056

Published: Dec. 6, 2018

A scarcely studied consequence of urbanization is the effect temporal stabilization environment on bird communities. This alteration thought to dampen environmental variations between day and night, seasons years, promoting a persistence composition in urban areas. The aim this study was review current evidence biotic abiotic factors environments potential effects such variation species presence at different scales.I selected literature by searching published articles book chapters using Scopus Google scholar. I only included that compared or resources levels urbanization.In general, there three time scales considered. At diurnal scale, main factor considered artificial light context pollution. seasonal interannual scales, several case studies found smaller primary productivity than natural rural Bird showed more scales: (1) reported activity associated with light; (2) parks along gradients urbanized areas; (3) areas, although some no relationships opposite trends expected.The suggests areas cycles scales. factors, as light, temperature, food habitat structure, desynchronized from diurnal, cycles. However, dearth long-term comparisons simultaneously analyze relationship More research needed Southern hemisphere, where lack dealing nocturnal species. future agenda should include differentiation spatial homogenization avifaunas.

Language: Английский

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Urban gradient resolution matters! Avian diversity patterns in a boreal green city

Urban Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(2)

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Urban Green Spaces in Neotropical Cities: Biodiversity Conservation and Menaces

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bird species richness across a Northern Andean city: Effects of size, shape, land cover, and vegetation of urban green spaces

Urban forestry & urban greening, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 127243 - 127243

Published: July 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Feather corticosterone levels in the southern lapwing revealed no association with the degree of urbanization

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The urbanization process modifies the environment in which wildlife lives. On one hand, it biotic and abiotic elements introduces new stress factors like light pollution, noise chemical pollution. These modifications to natural introduction of ones could induce organisms lead release glucocorticoids. One taxonomic group that lives cities is highly sensitive changes habitat human population density birds. Most studies about have measured glucocorticoids (GCs) circulating blood, offer only a “snapshot” an animal’s current state, affected by capture procedure. An alternative measure GCs samples are not altered procedure, feathers. In this study we compared levels corticosterone feather (Cort Feather ) southern lapwing ( Vanellus chilensis four locations Metropolitan Region (RM) Santiago de Chile. To accurately urbanization, employed distinct land cover typologies illustrate variations structural characteristics. A 500-m buffer zone was created around each collection sites where feathers were gathered, creating “Urbanization score”. We observed statistically significant variation median Cort values across studied localities. Contrary our expectation, differences concentrations identified among urbanized populations but rather between two characterized lower scores. same line, absence correlation score” levels. Our findings indicate beyond those captured satellite images may contribute elevated hormone low wetland region For instance, prevalence feral dogs vicinity, including within wetland, be contributing factor.

Language: Английский

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