Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Journal of Economic Impact, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 125 - 130

Published: June 1, 2024

Pakistan stands at a crossroads where the burgeoning debt servicing cost of Rs 7.3 trillion is going to swallow lion’s share projected revenue 9.2 trillion. This also includes 5.2 allocated provinces. It essential study causes such high stock rate, which requires large outflow foreign reserves. took 50 years data about and analyzed certain determinants including service cost, budget deficit, military expenditure, import bill, population. ARDL was used after finding mixed order for stationery. The short long-run analysis undertaken. Result shows that has significant negative impact on stock, whereas import, population have positive national debt. Based results, this suggests expenditure imports should be decreased control must maintained an optimal level. government not go deficit as it further loans. Results were checked robustness model stable.

Language: Английский

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A Study of Pakistan’s Fiscal Landscape: Examining the Influence of Institutional Quality and Tax Policy Transformation

Journal of Economic Impact, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 106 - 114

Published: April 30, 2024

Tax collection is the fundamental pillar of financing public services such as education, healthcare, social welfare programs, and infrastructure, ensuring economic stability. A high share in tax to GDP shows showing greater capacity a government provide living standard. Maintaining tax-to-GDP ratio important reveal ability generate revenue mobilization. The main drive paper scrutinize reform influence on for data period covering from 1996 2022 Pakistan. study employs ARDL estimation method, which suggested by unit root test. Notably, long-run results show that regulatory quality effectiveness depicted positive share, suggesting improvements these areas can significantly increase collection. Similarly, political stability rule law also play significant impact shares, highlighting their vital roles increasing mobilization voluntary compliance. In contrast, inflation appears negative association with ratio, indicating substantial decline total Findings recommend have focus enhancing controlling quality, stability, efficiency, order boost Additionally, strengthening institutions vitally enforcing laws, guaranteeing fair transparent mechanism further boosts efforts.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Dynamics of the Fiscal Landscape Through Institutional Lenses: A Case Study of South Asia

Journal of Education and Social Studies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 299 - 310

Published: June 5, 2024

Tax revenue is crucial for governments to finance essential expenditures, social welfare programs, and infrastructure development, which are vital economic advancement well-being. A high tax-to-GDP ratio indicates a strong fiscal position substantial revenue, fundamental maintaining financial stability ensuring long-term sustainability. Every country aims enhance its revenues through various reforms. This study conducted comprehensive analysis of tax reforms in selected South Asian economies from 2002 2022, focusing on their influence the ratio. The outcomes Breusch-Pagan Hausman tests suggest that Random Effects Model (REM) suitable this estimation. Findings REM reveal significant positive associations between government effectiveness, law order, political stability, share, as one percent rise respective variables leads 3.3%, 1.5%, 2.02% per improvement share. Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Tests find no homogeneous causality among related variables. Recommendations include prioritizing improving law-and-order situation, enhancing GDP growth boost revenues. Future research will focus optimizing policies mobilization strategies region.

Language: Английский

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Navigating the Digital Marketplace: Examining the Influence of Social Media Advertising on Purchase Intentions through the Lens of Performance Expectancy Theory

Journal of Education and Social Studies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 330 - 344

Published: June 13, 2024

This study aims to analyze how social media advertising affects consumer purchase intentions, in Pakistan. Organizations have spent a lot of time, money, and resources on ads. However, there is always challenge organizations can design successfully attract customers motivate them their brands. identify test the main factors related advertising. It investigates performance expectancy influences relationships between informativeness, perceived relevance, marketing, interactivity, intention. The research grounded Unified Theory Acceptance Use Technology (UTAUT2). data was collected using questionnaire survey 350 participants. To gather structured questionnaire-based quantitative approach used. Data for this through conducted from consumers Punjab give several theoretical practical advice marketers effectively conduct campaigns.

Language: Английский

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